Transcript Romania - HELP – HARMONY for EARTH, for LIFE, for PEOPLE

BIODIVERSITY OF
ROMANIA
 Biodiversity
refers to the variety of genes,
species and ecosystems that constitute
life on earth.
 Our
country is famous for its diversity of
flora and fauna, with 23 species of plants
and 18 species of animals which are
nationally and internationally protected.
CAUSES OF NATURAL HABITATS DESTRUCTION
 poor
planning,
 unprofitable occupation of the soil,
 industrial pollution
 mass tourism and
 intensive farming methods


The need to preserve biodiversity is a duty of all of us as
human communities can not live and can not grow outside and
independent of natural ecosystems. Saving nature is saving the
human race.
In order to better protect plant and animal rare and
endangered species, our country had established 827
protected areas. The most important and popular ones are: the
Danube Delta, Macin Mountains, Piatra Craiului Mountains and
its reservation, Prejmer eutrophic forests and swamps.
The Danube Delta
is the least affected delta area
in Europe. Delta vegetation reeds, bulrush, sedge and
willow - occupies 78% of the
total area, the rest being
covered by forests of willow,
ash, alder and poplar. Ponds
are covered by a floating
aquatic vegetation.
PLANTS OF DELTA PROTECTED BY LAW:
White lily
Yellow lily
Tendrils
Sand bindweed
ENDANGERED BIRD SPECIES IN THE DELTA:




The Pelican
The Spotted Eagle
The Imperial Eagle
The Great Bustard
ENDANGERED AND PROTECTED BY LAW MAMMALS OF THE
DELTA








The otter
The muskrat
The boar
The ermine
The raccoon dog
The fox
The wildcat
The European mink
Protection and conservation of delta biodiversity is realized by:
-consultation activities, public awareness and information
campaigns realizing the species and community interest
habitats guide
-restoring wetlands by restoring woodland and wetland lost
conditions
-temporary ban and/or local collection and capture of certain
species
-encouraging the cultivation and growth in captivity of wild
flora and fauna species of economic interest in order to
reduce pressure on natural populations.
Macin Mountains National Park
Located in Tulcea County,
between the Danube Delta
and the Black Sea.
It is a complex natural habitat,
where unique species of
plants and animals live. It is
constantly monitored by
researchers and it includes:
SPECIES OF PLANTS PROTECTED BY LAW:
The Crown
The Dobrogea bell
The Macin peonies
The Silene nutans
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIES OF ANIMALS INCLUDED IN
THE PROTECTION PROGRAM :



The Dobrogea Turtle

The Short-legged Hawk
Reptiles: the Dobrogea
turtle, the Dobrogea
lizard, the Striped sand
Lizard.
Birds of prey: the Short egged Hawk, the Sparrow
Hawk, the Common
Buzzard, the Long-legged
Buzzard


Among mammalian species,
micro mammals and bats
have a scientific importance.
The wildcat, the polecat, the
stone marten and the jackal
are protected.

The Jackal
The Stone marten
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN THESE AREAS IS ACHIEVED BY:





In order to create scientifically protected natural reservations,
the state achieves redemption campaigns of the private land in
the area where rare species of plants and animals live
The maintenance and the promotion of human activities
Support for the use of best practices in agriculture
Conversion of land for the production of BIO products
Practice of ecological tourism, leading to the emergence of
significant economic opportunities, such as the increased sales
of natural products (curd, honey, wine) following the process of
their labeling .
Piatra Craiului National Park


It is a protected area
established in 1990, with
the status of a national
park.
Since 1999, there is also
an administration of the
park that has as main
objectives the preservation
of
biodiversity,
the
promotion of traditional
customs
and
local
community’s way of life
and tourism stimulation
RARE PLANT SPECIES THAT ARE PROTECTED :





Piatra Craiului Carnation
(Dianthus callizonus),
endemic species, unique in
the world
The Cross of the brave
(Hepatica transsilvanica)
Yellow poppy (Papaver
pyrenaicum)
Edelweiss (Leontopodium
alpinum)
The Blood of the brave
(Nigritella rubra, N. nigra)

Piatra Craiului Carnation

The Cross of the brave
The Blood of the brave


Edelweiss
Yellow poppy
green patrols were established in order to raise awareness and
empower the tourists using vehicles in the protected areas,
making fire for barbecue and polluting the air with their waste
promoting and encouraging the tourism, the visit of the park
without jeopardizing biodiversity
PREJMER RESERVATION, WOODS AND EUTROPHIC SWAMPS


Prejmer reservation, woods and eutrophic swamps are located
in the area of Prejmer village, in the Barsa plains, in the
western part of the Brasov hollow.
This is a complex botanical environment that hosts a forest and
a swamp, where species of rare flora and fauna, considered to
be natural monuments, are being preserved.
Prejmer swamp is the refuge of
many rarities.
Among glacial relics preserved in
the swamp we can notice:

Barsa county Jimla

Sky’s Dew

Striped tulip and EuroCaucasian species of
marshy meadows.

Primula farinosa is a
central Asian species
which is found in our
country only in Harman
swamp and in Prejmer
reservation, woods and
eutrophic swamps
PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES:

restore forest composition and vertical structure with alder and
ash

assist natural regeneration by mobilizing soil, planting
complementary to regeneration after the first year

ecological restoration by warping sections of drains drainage
and protecting springs against warping

reducing human impact through measures of reducing grazing,
stubble firing and disorganized tourism
CONCLUSIONS:
 We must educate people’s ecological consciousness. The
respect of nature, of the environment in which we live our
everyday life, must come from each and one of us. Or, maybe,
seeing more often the revenge of the nature, we should start
acting, respecting the decisions made regarding the
environmental protection and biodiversity conservation.

In order to build pupils’ ecological awareness, teachers should
make it a priority since early ages. Teaching children to protect
nature, is teaching them to defend life.

Human remains the only one who can protect the living world
and must learn how to do it!