Transcript Jeopardy - School Without Walls Biology

Jeopardy
Population Competition Succession/
Food Chains size
Symbiosis
Population
Growth
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$100 Question: Food Chains
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food
are called________? Organisms, such as animals, that
cannot make their own food are called _________?
a. autotrophs, heterotrophs.
b. heterotrophs, autotrophs.
c. producers, decomposers.
d. decomposers, consumers.
$100 Answer: Food Chains
a. Autotrophs, heterotrophs.
$200 Question: Food Chains
Rank the following in order from largest
to smallest: Organism; ecosystem;
community; biome; biosphere;
population.
$200 Answer: Food Chains
Organism, population, community,
ecosystem, biome, biosphere.
$300 Question: Food Chains
Put the following into a food chain:
Deer, wildflower, fungus, vulture.
Which of these are producers?
Consumers? Decomposers?
$300 Answer: Food Chains
Wildflower --> deer --> vulture
Fungus
Producer: wildflower
Consumer: deer, vulture
Decomposer: fungus
$400 Question: Food Chains
Which level of an ecosystem would
likely have the highest levels of
accumulated toxins: producers, primary
consumers, secondary consumers or
tertiary consumers? Explain your answer!
$400 Answer: Food Chains
Third level or tertiary consumers; these
organisms are more likely to have
accumulated biotoxins because they eat
higher on the food chain – therefore what
they eat has accumulted trace toxins from
the producers and primary consumers,
concentrating these toxins in tertriary
consumers.
$500 Question: Food Chains
Scientists discover fossils of a large tortoise that lived on
a small island group in the Pacific. The tortoise was
likely the biggest animal on the island. Based on your
knowledge of energy transfer in ecosystems, predict
whether the tortoise was an herbivore, carnivore or
omnivore. EXPLAIN your reasoning.
$500 Answer: Food Chains
The tortoise was probably an herbivore, since it
would need to eat relatively low on the food chain
to obtain the energy it needed to sustain its large
body size (think elephants, moose and other large
herbivores). Also, all tortoises are herbivores :).
$100 Question: Population Size
What is sampling?
$100 Answer: Population Size
Sampling is estimating a population’s
size by counting a number of organisms
in a given area, then using that number
to estimate the total number of organisms.
$200 Question: Population Size
You need to estimate the number of oak trees in
Rock Creek Park. Which of the following
methods would NOT work?
A. Sampling
B. Census
C. Mark and release.
$200 Answer: Population Size
C. Mark and release.
$300 Question: Population Size
A scientist wants to estimate the number of white perch in
the Potomac River. He catches 50 perch and marks them,
and then releases them into the river. Later, he catches 100
fish, 2 of which have a tag. What is the approximate number
of white perch in the river?
$300 Answer: Population Size
50 x 100 = 2,500 white perch
2.
$400 Question: Population Size
What are two drawbacks to using a census to
count population size? What are two
drawbacks to using mark and release method
to count population size?
$400 Answer: Population Size
A.It is difficult to ensure that you count every
organism in a given area; depending on birth
and death rates, organisms may be born/die
during the census.
B. Marks may fall off organisms; those
initially tagged and recaptured may be more
likely to be caught than others.
$500 Question: Population Size
You are tasked with counting the number of
people in the D.C. metropolitan area.
Describe TWO methods you could use to
do this and the benefits and drawbacks of
each.
$500 Answer: Population Size
Census and sampling. The census could be difficult
because of frequent immigration to and emigration from
the region. In addition, there may be certain populations
(those without fixed addresses, illegal immigrants) who
cannot be counted easily. The benefit is that you would
theoretically count everyone. Sampling could be
difficult because of variable population densities and the
same reasons as above. The benefit is that it would take
less time and be less expensive than taking a census.
$100 Question: Competition
Considering the advances in fishing technology,
which of these is the best reason for a country to
limit fishing to only a short season during the
year?
A. to leave enough fish to replenish the fish
population
B. to better regulate the tourist industry
C. to keep fishermen from using new technology
D. to discourage the use of fish as a source of
protein
$100 Answer: Competition
A. to leave enough fish to replenish the fish population
$200 Question: Competition
Describe what is meant by “the
Tragedy of the Commons.”
$200 Answer: Competition
The Tragedy of the Commons results from
misuse of publicly available resources,
Particularly when those resources are overExploited and diminished for all users.
$300 Question: Competition
Compare and contrast:
-Intraspecific and interspecific competition.
-Abiotic and biotic resources.
-Density-dependent and density independent limiting factors.
How can each limit population growth?
$300 Answer: Competition
Intraspecific competition is within a species; interspecific
competition is between species.
Abiotic resources are resources that have never lived (water,
sunlight, etc.); biotic factors are living (competition, predation, food
supplies, nesting sites/habitats in trees, etc.)
Density-dependent factors tend to be biotic (competition, etc., or
limiting abiotic resources – plants competing over sunlight, water,
etc.); density-independent factors tend to be natural disasters or
other events that limit populations regardless of numbers.
Answers will vary.
$400 Question: Competition
In the graph below, humans are predators and fish species are prey.
What can we conclude about the influence of the predator population
on the prey population? About the influence of the prey population on
predator population?
$400 Answer: Competition
The prey population decreases as the
predator population increases and vice
versa. The more humans there are, the
fewer fish there are; the more fish,
the fewer humans.
$500 Question: Competition
Describe the effect that an increased number of moose would
have on the number of songbirds in the following food web:
Hawks
PRIMARY
Coyotes
Moose Elk
Willows
Deer
Songbirds
Beaver Insects Rabbit
Grasses
Aspen
$500 Answer: Competition
Moose eat willows, which serve as food for insects. More
moose means fewer willows, fewer insects and fewer
songbirds. Songbirds also use willows as nesting sites, so
decreasing the number of willows also will directly effect the
songbird populations.
$100 Question: Succession/
Symbiosis
What is mutualism?
$100 Answer: Succession/
Symbiosis
The relationship between two organisms
of different species (or two populations)
where both benefit.
$200 Question: Succession/
Symbiosis
A disturbance clears an ecosystem. What are the
first two stages of succession? What organisms
are likely to move into the area?
$200 Answer: Succession/
Symbiosis
Establishment phase and exclusion phase. Pioneer
species such as grasses and small plants move into
the area, or existing seeds sprout. During the
exclusion phase, weedy, fast-growing species move
in and out-compete the initial grasses for limiting
factors such as water and light. Accompanying
animals, such as insects and herbivores, move in as
well.
$300 Question: Succession/
Symbiosis
Termites rely on protozoans (single-celled
organisms) living in their guts to help them
digest cellulose, a carbohydrate found in
wood. In return, the protozoan obtains a
host and nutrients. Is this mutualism,
commensalism or parasitism? How do you
know?
$300 Answer: Succession/
Symbiosis
Mutualism, because both
species benefit from the
relationship.
$400 Question: Succession/
Symbiosis
Mount Saint Helens, in the Cascade
mountains, is an active volcano that
erupted in 1980. What kind of
succession would the local
ecosystem have to undergo in order
to be restored? Explain your answer.
$400 Answer: Succession/
Symbiosis
Both primary and secondary succession
would have to occur. Lava would coat the
area in bare rock surface that would have to
be processed back into soil. Areas that were
covered in volcanic ash (different from
lava) or otherwise cleared without
removing/covering soil would undergo
secondary succession.
$500 Question: Succession/
Symbiosis
Coral have symbionts (organisms living in
them) called zooxanthallae, which perform
photosynthesis. Speculate on whether you
believe this is a parasitic, commensal, or
mutualistic relationship and explain why.
$500 Answer: Succession/
Symbiosis
The zoozanthallae are algae that
photosynthesize. While the coral benefit from
the sugars provided by the algae, it is unclear
whether the algae obtain any benefit from this
relationship, and is perhaps harmed by it.
Therefore, it is unclear whether the relationship
is mutualistic, commensal or parasitic, with the
coral exploiting the algae.
$100 Question: Population
Growth
What is carrying capacity?
$100 Answer: Population Growth
The number of organisms of one species
that an environment can support
indefinitely.
$200 Question: Population
Growth
In which type of growth does carrying
carrying capacity play a role? What are
some factors that cause population
growth to stay around carrying capacity?
$200 Answer: Population Growth
Logistic growth. Factors include limited
Biotic and abiotic resources such as prey,
competition, space, water, etc.
$300 Question: Population
Growth
A single bacterium undergoes binary
fission (cell division in bacteria),
producing 2 bacteria. Each of these
then undergoes binary fission. Their
offspring undergo binary fission. How
many bacteria will result from the last
round of binary fission? GRAPH your
answer.
$300 Answer: Population Growth
8
N umber of Bac teria
9
8
7
6
5
N umber of Bac teria
4
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
$400 Question: Population
Growth
Why does a population, once it reaches its
carrying capacity, fluctuate above and below that
carrying capacity, rather than remaining steady?
$400 Answer: Population Growth
Populations grow until they reach carrying capacity,
which shows the effect of limiting factors on the
population. Once the population exceeds carrying
capacity, limiting resources such as food, space,
water, light, etc., will become scare and therefore the
population will have a higher death than birth rate,
decreasing it to below carrying capacity, upon which
those resources become more available, allowing the
population to once again increase.
$500 Question: Population
Growth
Has the human population reached carrying
capacity? Justify your answer in at least a
paragraph. Your answer should include a
definition of carrying capacity and an
explanation of factors that could limit human
population growth.
$500 Answer: Population Growth
Carrying capacity: The maximum number of
organisms in a population an ecosystem can support
without degrading its resources.
Limiting factors: Space, food supply (agriculture,
fishing, etc.), fossil fuels, clean water, etc.
Answers will vary.