Transcript Document

Landscape Management & Harvest Model
A Case Studies from Chequamegon National Forest
EEES4760/6760
April 20, 2009
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HARVEST used to simulate different landscapes
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Fire spread in different land mosaics
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Local and landscape diversity under different landscape mosaics
Landscape Management: Managing landscapes in space and time.
Harvest Model (http://nrs.fs.fed.us/tools/harvest/): was designed as a
strategic research and planning tool, allowing assessment of the
spatial pattern consequences of broad timber management
strategies. The model is well suited to evaluate alternative strategies,
providing comparable predictions about how the alternatives affect
the age (or successional stage) distribution and forest type
composition of the forest, the spatial distribution of forest interior
and edge habitats, and the patch structure of the resulting forest
landscape. With HARVEST, the object is not to find a scheduling
solution (i.e., determining the order in which individual stands should
be harvested), but to assess the spatial pattern consequences of
general management strategies.
Objective
To study the dynamics of understory plant species
diversity, as a function of landscape structure when
alternative harvesting at both stand and landscape levels
are applied using a harvest allocation model (HARVEST)
and a stand projection model.
What Is HARVEST?
•GIS-based research / planning tool
•Assess spatial pattern consequences of broad timber management
strategies (harvesting allocation)
INPUT
•GIS Coverages:
-stand age & id
-management area
-forest types
•Constraints (riparian buffers, etc.)
•Cutting Guidelines
-total area harvested
-size distribution of openings
-rotation interval
-spatial dispersion of harvests
OUTPUT
•GIS Coverage:
-stand age
•Analysis Options
Gustafson & Crow (1996)
HARVEST Simulations
% of Landscape
Harvested (up to):
Run 1
Run 2
Run 3
Run 4
Run 5
10
20
30
40
50
•All Simulations Run for 200 Years
•Buffer Patches in GIS (20 m each side)
•Buffer Roads (20 m each side)
•Cutting Guidelines Applied According to
Distinct Management Areas
•Minimum Patch Size=0.08 ha
Output (Text File)
•Original Vegetation Type
•Stand Age
•Area
•Edge Zone Occurrence
-Roads
-Different Patches
Current Patch Type
Classification
Current Patch Type Classification
•Shrubs & Herbs
•Mature Hardwoods
•Young Hardwoods
•Mature Red Pine
•Mature Jack Pine
•Young Pine
•Mixed Hardwood/Pine
•Wetland
•New Clearcuts/Non-Vegetated
•Hardwood Road Zone
•Red Pine Road Zone
•Pine/Clearcut Edge (in forest)
•Clearcut/Pine Edge (in clearcut)
•Multiple Edge Zones
•Other
IF WE HAVE MEASURED DATA FOR CURRENT PATCH TYPE:
Assign Proper Probability and Abundance Vectors Obtained from
Sampled Plots
Assign probability & abundance vectors from measured data:
•Species Probability In a Particular Patch Type = Sampled Frequency in 50m2 Plots
•Abundance Vectors = Mean, Std. Of Sampled Abundances in 50m2 Plots
Generate Probability Of Occurrence By Species
Does Species Occur?
YES
NO
Generate Abundance
= Probability From Normal Distribution by
species With Mean and Std. Of Measured
Abundance
NEXT SPECIES
Pine Road Zone
Pine/CC Edge Zone
CC/Pine Edge Zone
Patch Type
Hdwd Road Zone
Young Pine
Mixed Hdwd/Pine
Red Pine
Jack Pine
Mature Hardwoods
Young Hardwoods
Herbs/Shrubs
Wetland
6
0
Species Richness
5
0
4
0
Run 1
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
Run 5
2
0
1
0
0
Understory Species Richness
Overall Landscape Richness = 237 species (Run 1)
Run 1
= 237 species (Run 5)
Run 5
Landscape Models Focus on Scenarios Test (i.e., what if)
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
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Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
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Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
A neutral landscape model (NLM) is any model used to
generate patterns in the absence of the specific processes
being studied. Predictions from NLMs are intended to define
the expected pattern in the absence of a specific process.
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
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Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
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Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
•
Tree2.0
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D-AEI
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
•
Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
LANDIS is a spatially explicit landscape model designed to
simulate forest landscape change over large spatial and
temporal scales.
He, Hong S.; Li, Wei; Sturtevant, Brian R.; Yang, Jian; Shang, Bo Z.; Gustafson, Eric J.; Mladenoff, David J. (2005).
LANDIS 4.0 Users Guide (PDF Download 4.62 Mb)
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
•
Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
The main user interface of LANDIS
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
•
Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
•
Tree2.0
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D-AEI
Popular Landscape Models
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HARVEST
•
Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
Zheng, D. and J. Chen. 2000. Edge effects in fragmented landscapes: a generic model for delineating area of edge
influences (D-AEI). Ecological Modelling 132/3: 75-190.
Popular Landscape Models
Fig. 8. Simulated edge effects of radiation
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HARVEST
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Neutral Model
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LANDIS
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MOOSE
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Tree2.0
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D-AEI
Landscape Management