Transcript Digestive System

DIGESTION NOTES
http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/digestivesystem/
7th grade science
STRUCTURE OF THE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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MOUTH
ESOPHAGUS
STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
LIVER
PANCREAS
GALLBLADDER
LARGE INTESTINE
RECTUM
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION
OF DIGESTION?
• BREAKS DOWN FOOD INTO
MOLECULES THE BODY CAN
USE.
• MOLECULES ARE ABSORBED
INTO BLOOD AND CARRIED
THROUGHOUT BODY.
• WASTES ARE ELIMINATED.
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
• THE PHYSICAL PROCESS
THAT TEARS, GRINDS
AND MASHES LARGE
FOOD PARTICLES INTO
SMALLER PIECES.
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
• THE PROCESS THAT
BREAKS LARGE FOOD
MOLECULES INTO
SMALLER MOLECULES
USING ENZYMES.
1.MOUTH
• BREAKS DOWN STARCH
INTO SUGAR
• TEETH AND TONGUE ARE
IMPORTANT IN MECHANICAL
DIGESTION.
• SALIVARY GLANDS IMPORTANT IN
CHEMICAL DIGESTION.
SALIVA
• THE FLUID RELEASED
WHEN YOUR MOUTH
WATERS.
EPIGLOTTIS
• Covers up the
trachea when
you swallow so
that nothing but
air enters.
• Allows food to
go down the
esophagus
2.ESOPHAGUS
• A MUSCULAR TUBE THAT
CONNECTS THE MOUTH TO THE
STOMACH LINED WITH MUCUS
TO ALLOW FOOD TO BE MOVED
ALONG
PERISTALSIS
• CONTRACTIONS OF
ESOPHAGUS THAT
PUSHES ALONG FOOD.
3.STOMACH
• A J-SHAPED MUSCULAR
POUCH
• MOST MECHANICAL DIGESTION OCCURS
HERE
• CHURNS THE FOOD INTO A THICK, SOUPY
LIQUID.
• PEPSIN CHEMICALLY DIGESTS PROTEINS
INTO AMINO ACIDS.
• HYDROCHLORIC ACID KILLS BACTERIA.
4.SMALL INTESTINES
• THE PART WHERE MOST CHEMICAL
DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OCCURS
HERE.
• SECRETIONS FROM THE LIVER, PANCREAS
AND SMALL INTESTINE BREAK FOOD INTO
SIMPLE SUGARS AND AMINO ACIDS.
VILLI
• FINGERLIKE PROJECTIONS
THAT INCREASE THE
SURFACE AREA OF THE
SMALL INTESTINES. THESE
ABSORB NUTRIENTS.
LIVER
• THE LARGEST AND
HEAVIEST ORGAN INSIDE
THE BODY; IT BREAKS DOWN
SUBSTANCES AND
ELIMINATES NITROGEN
FROM THE BODY.
• (PRODUCES BILE)
BILE
• A SUBSTANCE THAT
BREAKS UP FAT
PARTICLES INTO
SMALLER ONES.
PANCREAS
• PRODUCE ENZYMES
THAT BREAK DOWN
STARCHES, PROTEINS
AND FATS
( TRIANGULAR ORGAN)
5.LARGE INTESTINES
• THE LAST SECTION OF THE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WHERE
WATER IS ABSORBED FROM
FOOD AND THE REMAINING
MATERIALS IS ELIMINATED
FROM THE BODY
• LARGE INTESTINES CONTAIN
BACTERIA THAT PRODUCE
VITAMINS.
THE END
• RECTUM – A SHORT SECTION AT
THE END OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
WHERE WASTE MATERIAL IS
COMPRESSED INTO A SOLID FORM
BEFORE BEING ELIMINATED.
• ANUS –THE OPENING AT THE END
OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THROUGH WHICH WASTES ARE
ELIMINATED.
KEEP YOUR DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM HEALTHY
• Drinking water and eating a
healthy diet
• Eat foods rich in fiber (fruits,
vegetables, and whole grains)