Transcript Let`s preserve it for future generations*

Let's preserve it for future
generations…
T H E A U T H O R : L U D M I L A K U D R J A S H O V A ,
F O R M 1 0 , 2 0 1 1
New words…
 recurrent – актуальный
 densely populated –
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густонаселенный
reserve – запас, резерв
diversity – разнообразие
maintain – поддержать
counteract – противодействовать
sustained – устойчивый
framework – рама
Federal significance – Федеральное
значение
conservation – сохранение
cherish – дорожить
adhere to – придерживаться
purity – чистота
come to one’s senses – приходить в
себя, опомниться
disrupt- срывать
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shrub – кустарник
marmot –сурок
spruce - ель, хвойное дерево
aspen – осина
swamp – болото
vertebrate –позвоночный
badger – барсук
beaver – бобр
weasel - ласка
marten – куница
mink – норка
nursery – питомник
 thickets - заросли
Introduction
 In recent years, many people are talking about
conservation. We polluted the seas and rivers,
forests and grasslands so much that the situation
is terrible. What will future generations inherit?
 We talk a lot about the world, about how easy to
tip the balance in nature, but to restore - it is very
difficult. Nature itself is recovering, but very
slowly, so people should cherish and preserve the
world where they live.
 If we poison the land and water, then we shall
breathe the poisoned air and eat unsuitable
food. People will start to degenerate into
monsters. To avoid this, we must protect the
environment.
 If only everyone could adhere to the purity in
his backyard, in the woods, where he walks the
company that runs as far as to change
everything around you! I hope that people come
to their senses, stop destroying the land on
which they live.
Nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries of
Chuvashia
 The recurrent problem in the densely populated Chuvash republic is to
preserve the biological diversity. It is sufficient to maintain the ability of
natural systems to self-regulate and counteract the effects of human
activities.
In order to preserve biological diversity and the formation of sustained
environmental framework , a network of specially protected natural
territories and objects of the total area of 110,800 hectares were established
in the country : the National Park (25.2 ha.), 1 Reserve (9 148 thousand
ha.), 16 nature reserves (total area of 56, 471 ha.) and 67 natural
monuments (6.646 thousand ha.). In addition, one botanical garden,
dendrology parks function, there is sanitary protection and protectedhunting. Also Chuvashia has 5 genetic reserves (total area of 0.995
thousand ha.). 3 of them are specially protected natural territories of federal
significance: State Nature Reserve Prisursky (9,150 hectares), the National
Park “Chavash varmane” (25,2 thousand ha.) ,Cheboksary branch of the
Main Botanical Garden RAS (177 ha, collection of more than 2000 species
of plants).
The Natural reserve "Prisursky"
 The State Nature Reserve Prisursky, a total area of 9,025 hectares, was
established in 1995. The reserve was initially created to protect the valley
south taiga forests and wetlands with characteristic flora and fauna, in
particular for the protection of Desman, seasonal accumulations of water
birds. New sections are intended to protect fragments of steppe vegetation
with marmots.
The main site is located in the valley of the Sura. It was later expanded to
create 2 new sites to the east of Chuvashia.
Prisursky pine area - a unique biogeocenosis complex. In the northern part
overgrown spruce grow, the rest of the territory occupied by pines, birch –
trees and aspens.
Along with rare species are widely distributed , such as: schitovnik Austrian,
moonwort partitioned, members of the family Orchidaceae.
The National Park “Chavash varmane”
 National Park “Chavash varmane” was established by the Government of the Russian
Federation on20 June 1993 ,the total area of 25,200 hectares. It is located on the southern
border of the Chuvash Republic and borders with the Republic of Tatarstan and the Ulyanovsk
region. Among the forest zoning of the Chuvash Republic the National Park is the southern
boundary of the Prisursky forest.
The distinctive feature of the national park "Chavash varmane" is that here on a relatively
small area, biocenoses from the southern taiga to the steppe, including the entire ecological
range of habitats from dry pine forests to the swamps, are presented.
The flora and fauna of the National Park is Extremely rich and diverse. There are about 800
species of only vascular plants, among them there are rare and endangered species included in
Red Data Book of the Chuvash Republic, nearly all kinds of plants: a mysterious family of
orchids, many relic of the ancient flora grow here . They include the bearberry, the golden
thoroughwax, the cranberry, the maynik bifoliate, blueberries ..
The flora of the National Park is rich and medicinal plants. Widely popular herbs like valerian
dosage, galangal (erect cinquefoil), lily of the valley in May, St. John's wort, marjoram grow
here in abundance .
Totally National Park identified 175 species of birds, 90 breeding, 16 species of amphibians
and reptiles, 19 species of fish and 40 species of mammals. As zoologists say the National Park
is the home to about 90% of the species composition of vertebrates identified in the Chuvash
Republic. The common animals are a squirrel and a hare. Species such as moose, wild boars,
beavers, weasels , martens, badgers, foxes and lynxes, not significant, but their number is
increasing. AnAmerican mink is well settled down , brought here in 1978.
Within the National Park “Chavash varmane “ there are several historical sites that deserve
the attention of visitors. They include the place of extraction of iron ore (swamp), extraction of
tar and charcoal.
Cheboksary branch of the Main Botanical Garden RAS
 The idea of organizing the botanical garden in Cheboksary was born in the 50-ies of
XX century. On the general plan of the city in 1957 the border of the garden was first
identified. From 1960 to 1978 volunteers performed design and survey works and
minor works. In 1978 the present territory of the Botanical Garden's city nursery,
was founded.
In accordance with the Council of Ministers of the Chuvash ASSR it was organized
by an independent unit within the Office of Housing Cheboksary under the name
"Office of the green economy."
In 1979 the formation of the park area, sections of the Botanical Gardens, began. In
1980 the first bridges made planting area along the border with the plant of ceramic
blocks . In 1983the Museum of the Botanical Garden and Herbarium was organized .
In 1989, due to the increasing importance of issues of environmental stability in the
Middle Volga by the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in
Cheboksary branch of the Main Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences was
organized. This is the first branch of the Academy of Sciences in the Republic of
Chuvashia .
 Cheboksary branch of GBS. NV Tsitsin Russian Academy of Sciences
(Cheboksary botanical garden) is situated within the city of Cheboksary along
the river Kukshumka. The whole area of the botanical garden is divided into
scientific, reserved, exposition and administrative and economic areas. Natural
forests cover about 90 hectares, water area - 4,5 hectares of arable land - about
40 hectares. Here is the pond area of more than 5 hectares. Besides the pond
and the creek Kukshumka , there are 12 springs, beatings in shady thickets of the
parkland.
The funds of the botanical garden are the heritage of the federal level. Living
plant collections include about 2000 species and cultivars (excluding diversity
collections of plants in nature and form). As the botanical garden grow, about
750 species of trees and shrubs, nearly 700 species of flowers, a separate
collection of medicinal plants include up to 350 names. More than 600 units
represent the flora of Chuvashia. Plants are placed in different parts of the
organizational and planning structure garden - in exposition and collectible
sites: ornamental plants (650 species and varieties), "The Garden of Padua (570
species)," Medicinal, rare and endangered plants "(342 species), "The Valley of
thought" (12 species), "Alpine Slide" (45 species), "Herbaceous flora of
Chuvashia (102 species)," Environmental Trail "(14 species)," Arboretum "(600
species)," Frutitsetum (36 species), poplar and willow Russia (23 species and
hybrids), "pomology Garden (9 species, 117 varieties).
Rule of conduct in the nature…
 Don’t disrupt the flowers! Let the
beautiful plants be in nature!
 Plant trees. They will clean the air.
 Do not break branches from trees
and shrubs!
 Do not catch wild animals
 Do not catch butterflies,
bumblebees, dragonflies and other
insects!
 Don’t ruin the birds' nests!
 Do not leave your trash in the
woods, meadows, on the shore!