Transcript Human Digestive System

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Human Digestive System
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Functions
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Ingest food
Break down food
Move through digestive tract
Absorb digested food and water
Eliminates waste materials
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Mouth
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Breaks down food into small pieces
Begins starch digestion (amylase)
Saliva produces amylase and lubricates food
Moves food into esophagus
Epiglottis covers trachea
Peristalsis moves food to stomach
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Stomach
• First opening – cardiac sphincter
• Muscles churn food – more mechanical
digestion.
• Glands produce gastric juice = pepsin + HCl
• Pepsin breaks down proteins (only at pH 2)
• Food leaves after 2-4 hrs
• Second opening – pyloric sphincter
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Small Intestine
• Digestion is finished here
– Peristalsis finishes mechanical digestion
– Pancreatic juice produces enzymes to finish
chemical digestion of fats, proteins and
carbohydrates
Question: What are the monomers for fats,
proteins, and carbohydrates?
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Liver
• Produces bile
Question: What is the function of bile?
Bile is stored in the gallbladder.
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Large Intestine
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Absorbs water
Bacteria live here (produce methane)
Bacteria produce B vitamins and Vitamin K
Stores solid waste in rectum until
elimination.
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Endocrine Glands
Define endocrine gland here.
• Pancreas – insulin = blood sugar
• Thyroid – thyroxine = metabolic rates
• Thyroid – calcitonin = blood calcium levels
• Parathyroid – PTH = calcium, phosphorus
absroption rates and helps make Vitamin D
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Thanks
Submitted by
Abhishek
Noida
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“Don’t make me read, make me understand “
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