Transcript Virus and Bacteria -Definition , Diseases

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Bacteria & Viruses
Definition, Infections,Treatment
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What are viruses?
Viruses are too small to be
seen by the naked eye.
 No cells; not living
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Viruses are parasites. They
can't multiply on their own,
so they have to invade a
'host' cell and take over its
machinery in order to be
able to make more virus
particles.
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What IS Bacteria
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Bacteria are organisms made up of
just one cell.
They are capable of multiplying by
themselves, as they have the power to
divide.
Bacteria exist everywhere, inside and
on our bodies.
Most of them are completely harmless
and some of them are very useful.
But some bacteria can cause diseases,
either because they end up in the
wrong place in the body or simply
because they are 'designed' to invade
us.
Some types of bacteria have been
found to live in temperatures above
the boiling point and in cold below
freezing point.
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Spread of
Viral & Bacterial Diseases
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Viral and bacterial infections are both spread
in basically the same ways.
A person with a cold can spread the infection
by coughing and/or sneezing.
Bacteria or viruses can be passed on by
touching or shaking hands with another
person.
Touching food with dirty hands will also allow
viruses or bacteria from the intestine to
spread.
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Illnesses/infections caused by
Viruses:
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Influenza, common cold, stomach flu,
pneumonia, ear infections, HIV/AIDS,
herpes, warts, dengue, West Nile Virus,
encephalitis
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Illnesses/infections caused by
bacteria:
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Salmonellosis, tuberculosis, food
poisoning, dysentery, bronchitis, ear
infections, strep throat/
tonsillitis, pneumonia, gonorrhoea,
syphilis, chlamydia
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How to avoid infection
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Wash your hands thoroughly (often one of the
best ways to avoid catching a cold).
Shaking hands with someone who has a cold is
risky, so avoid rubbing your eyes or nose
afterwards.
Food should be cooked or cooled down as quickly
as possible.
Vegetables and meat must be stored separately
and prepared on separate chopping boards.
Meat should preferably be served well-done.
Remember that food with these invisible
organisms does not necessarily smell bad.
Some organisms are killed as the food is cooked,
but they can still leave toxic substances that
may cause diarrhoea and vomiting.
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Treatment of Bacterial iNfection
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Bacterial infections are
usually treated with a
special antibiotic,
which only kills the
bacterium that has
caused the disease.
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Treatment of Viral Infection

Viruses can't multiply until they are inside
the body's cells.
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This is the reason why the treatment of
virus infections is usually left up to the
patient's own immune system, although it
may be hard to accept when the doctor
says the only cure is for 'nature to take
its course'.
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Drinking plenty of water is good
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Staying at home. People who go to work
or school in this condition not only risk
spreading the virus to their colleagues but
also run a higher risk of catching a
bacterial infection
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