Transcript TelemetryinMotorRacing (2)

Telemetry in Motor Racing
Ideas in Context
What is telemetry?
• Telemetry is a technology that allows
remote measurement and reporting of
information.
Explain the following terms:
•
Engine performance
– is the adjustment, modification or design of
internal combustion engines to yield optimal
performance, to increase an engine's power
output, economy, or durability.
•
Aerodynamic efficiency
– A term used to describe the relationship
between the downforce a car generates, and
drag.
Explain the following terms:
• Oil pressure
– pressure that keeps oil on the moving parts of
an internal-combustion engine.
• Tyre grip
– the word grip in a tyre context is used to
describe the friction between the tyre and the
track.
• Brake wear
– The wearing away of the contact surfaces of
friction brakes at the same rate across the
entire surface.
What is the difference between
speed and velocity?
• Velocity
– is speed with a direction vector associated
with it. It's that direction vector that makes
them different.
• Speed
– is the displacement (distance traveled) per
unit time.
Why is data transmitted to
engineers in the pit lane?
• So engineers can properly tune the car for
optimum performance
• lap time of the car can be calculated and
this is what the driver is expected to meet
• Also check Safety
• How can momentum and kinetic energy be
calculated from the data?
Momentum of racing car
• Momentum = Mass x Velocity
• When the car is empty:
• Mass = 5000
• Velocity = 22.2
• 5000 x 22.2
• = 111,000 kgm/s
Change of momentum
Momentum = Force x time
Assume car takes 5 sec to accelerate
from stationary to top speed.
What is the force needed to do that?
Force =
Momentum = 1,498,500 kgm/s
Time
= 299,700 Newton's
5 seconds
Kinetic Energy
• KE = ½ x M x V2 (Assume empty car)
• = 0.5 x 5000 x 22.2 x 22.2
• = 1,232,100 J
• Or 1,232 KJ
Name the parts of the electromagnetic
spectrum in order of increasing
wavelength.
Give another use for radio waves
and microwaves.
• Radio waves uses –
– Radio
– MRI scans
– Astronomy
• Microwave uses –
– Cooking food
– Mobile phones
– Global positioning system (GPS)
– Astronomy
Describe the motion of the racing car
between 3000 and 4000 metres.
• The car is steadily speeding up, then a
sudden drop in speed and slows down
(maybe due to a sharp corner). At 3500
metre there is sudden acceleration of the
car.
How and why would the graph be different if it
showed velocity-distance rather than speeddistance.
•
A velocity-time graph has the velocity or speed of
an object on the vertical axis and time on the
horizontal axis. The distance travelled can be
calculated by finding the area under a velocity-time
graph.
Draw the signal traces for analogue and digital
signals and define what is meant by analogue and
digital signals.
Music and speech vary
continuously in frequency and
amplitude. In the same way,
analogue signals can vary in
frequency, amplitude or both.
Digital signals are a
series of pulses
consisting of just two
states, ON (1) or OFF (0).
There are no values in
between.
•
Give 2 reasons why some Formula 1
teams have switched from analogue to
digital systems for their radio connection
with the racing driver.
•
Digital signals carry more information per
second than analogue signals. This is
the same whether optical fibers, cables
or radio waves are used.
Digital signals maintain their quality over
long distances better than analogue
signals. Therefore less noise produced.
•
How do crumple zones work as a
safety feature?
•
•
•
Modern cars have safety
features that absorb kinetic
energy in collisions.
As they deform they
increase the amount of time
the person takes to come to
a stop. This reduces the
acceleration and force on
the person, so reducing
injury.
How does a seat belt work as a
safety feature?
• A seatbelt's job is to spread the
stopping force across sturdier
parts of your body in order to
minimize damage.
• Seat belts have to be replaced
after a crash because the large
forces may damage them.
How does the HANS device work?
• The purpose of the device is to stop the head
from "whipping forward" in a crash, without
otherwise restricting movement of the neck.
• The HANS device maintains the relative position
of the head to the body, with the device
transferring energy to the much stronger chest,
torso, shoulder, seatbelts and seat as the head
is decelerated.
Why is the forehead better suited then
the top of the spine to taking the
force during an impact?
• The forehead is stronger and harder
compared to the neck which spine which is
more prone to injuries.