Transcript DIGESTION

DIGESTION
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Breakdown of food
into a form that cells
can use
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
PARTS OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
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Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
anus
FUNCTIONS THE MOUTH
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Grinds food
Begins the physical
change of food
Begins the digestion
of carbohydrates,
by mixing the food
with saliva
THE ESOPHOGUS
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Takes ground food
to the stomach
As it proceeds
through it again is
mixed with saliva
where there is a
physical change
occurring
THE STOMACH
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Food arrives in the
stomach mixed and
continues to be mixed
The stomach also
secretes hydrochloric
acid, also known as
pepsin
Digestion of proteins
takes place in the
stomach
THE SMALL INTESTINE
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The small intestine is
about 30 feet long in
humans
The small intestine gets
secretions from the liver
and gall bladder which
digest fat
The pancreas secretions
aid in the breakdown of
protein fat and
carbohydrates
CHEMICAL CHANGES
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A chemical change is
the breakdown of food
into a usable substance
that the cells can use.
Enzymes cause this
breakdown to occur
This change occurs
when the food travels
through the digestive
system
ENZYMES
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Enzymes change the
chemical composition of
food
These enzymes are
produced in the
following organs
Water, vitamins and
minerals move directly
into the cells for use
These do not have to
be digested
ORGANS THAT PRODUCE
ENZYMES
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Mouth produces saliva
speeds the digestion of
carbohydrates
Stomach produces two
chemicals one is an
enzyme and one is
hydrochloric acid
Small intestine most
chemical digestion takes
place here
MORE PRODUCERS OF
ENZYMES
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Pancreas produces
enzymes that
breakdown fats,
protein, and
carbohydrates
Liver largest organ in
body produces bile
The bile is stored in the
gallbladder
Bile breaks down fat
SMALL INTESTINE
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Makes certain
enzymes also
2.5 cm wide
Food spends 12
hours in the small
intestine
LARGE INTESTINE
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Tube-like organ at the
end of the digestive
system
5 cm wide
Removes water
Not much digestion
takes place
Water is returned to the
bloodstream
Food spends 5 hours in
the large intestine
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM RECAP
Mouth digests carbohydrates
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Esophagus pushes food to stomach, takes
less than one minute
Stomach, food mixed with hydrochloric acid
and pepsin ,digests protein there for about 4
hours
Small intestine gets enzymes from the
pancreas, liver and gall bladder for the
digestion of proteins, fats and carbohydrates
Food spends about 12 hours here
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Large intestine
where water gets
reabsorbed into the
cells
Food spends about 5
hours here
Anus the end of the
digestive system,
solid waste leaves
the body
AFTER THOUGHTS
The digestive system forms a
tube that is about 900cm long
The average height of a adult is about
170cm
 Your digestive system is about 5 times
longer than you’re your body.
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Your Assignment
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Choose 2 digestive system problems (to be
handed out)
Describe the physiology of the condition
Prepare statistics and demographics of the
disorder
Research preventative dietary treatments
Prepare a 3-5 paragraph report which will be
presented to the class
Report will be graded based on the rubric
included