Transcript English Colonists Arrive

English Colonies Review
1607 – 1763
Chapter 3: US History Beginnings to 1877
Chapter 4: Creating America
List what you know about the
British Colonies
Objectives
• Students will be able to:
1) Locate 13 colonies and other major land features of
Eastern Coast of North America.
2) Describe the distinctive economy of each colonial
region (New England, Middle, South).
3) Describe how taxing is related to representation in
government using colonial history.
4) Explain how Zenger relates to Freedom of the Press.
5) Describe results of the French and Indian War.
Geography of the Colonies
• Given
– Map Handout with
numbers
– Word Bank
– Textbook
– Groups to work in
• Label all the
numbered places.
• Help each other using
the textbooks and
atlases
Southern Colonies
• Jamestown – founded
1607
– Troubles (starving) &
Success (tobacco)
• South was characterized
by Cash Crops, Plantation
culture
• Main crops
– Tobacco
– Rice
• System of slavery grew to
meet the demand for field
labor
Northern Colonies, New England
• Culturally dominated by
Puritan Religion
• Economically involved in
world trade and shipping
• Exports
– Whaling for Oil
– Fish, sold fresh and dried
– Wood for shipbuilding
• Imports
– Sugar, molasses
– Finished products
– Slaves
Middle Colonies
• Characterized by
Diversity in
immigrants, religion,
business
• Called the
“Breadbasket” of the
colonies
• Main area of iron
mines in colonies
What is distinctive economically
about each of the colonial regions?
• New England
• Middle
• Southern
Roots of Representative
Government in England
• Magna Carta 1215
• Parliament = Representative Government
• Less power to the monarch, governing power is
moving downward.
Roots of Representative
Government in America
• Jamestown settled in
1607, elects first House
of Burgesses 1620
• Royal Governors set
precedent of working
with local assemblies
without always
conferring back to
England.
– Particularly about taxes.
Late 1600s in New England
• The King cancels
Charter of NE colonies
– Property rights in question
• King James 1685
attempted more control
• The Governor of New
England disbanded local
assemblies
• Colonists refused to pay
taxes
The Glorious Revolution
(in England)
• King James attempted to
pack Parliament w/proCatholics, Protestants
rebelled
• 1688 Protestants offered
throne to William & Mary
• W&M agreed to Eng BOR
– Could not cancel rights w/o
Parliament’s consent
– One Right: Representation for
taxation.
• In NE, colonists believe
they have all the rights of
British citizens in GB.
Shared Power in the Colonies
Monarch
• King appoints Govrs
• Governor
– Final approval of laws
– Oversees Trade $$
– Appoints Council
• Acts as highest court
– Can dismiss assemblies
• Locally Elected
Assemblies
– Made local laws, to
include ! TAXes !
– Paid Governor’s salary
Governor
Council
Assembly
Describe how taxing is related to
representation in government using
colonial history?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfpSXI8_UpY
Ben Franklin designed
this political cartoon.
What does it represent?
Why did he draw it?
• Your Choice is
simple: join us
and live in peace
or pursue your
present course
and face
obliteration.
Colonial Conflicts in the
New World
• From 1689 into the 1740’s, the French and the
British had fought three wars.
• In the 1750’s, British land companies wanted to
expand into the Ohio Valley.
• To discourage the
Brits from moving
into the Ohio Valley,
A Frenchman led
Indian allies in an
attack on a British
trading post.
French and Indian War
• In 1753, the Lt Governor of VA
sent a young George
Washington to tell the French to
vacate the Ohio Valley.
• The French stayed, built forts,
and won most of the battles the
first several years.
• Notably, General Braddock’s
defeat in 1755, is when GW
became an American Hero.
British Victory
• In 1757, Britain
borrowed heavily to
fund the war eventually
winning battles and
defeating the French.
• The Treaty of Paris
1763 gave England
sole European control
of Eastern North
America to the
Mississippi River and
into Canada.
Great Britain now in Great Debt
• Am Colonists now wanted to
settle westward.
• The Indians opposed this,
resulting in bloodshed.
• To prevent further military
expenditure:
– The British issued the
Proclamation of 1763
prohibiting expansion beyond
the Appalachian Mtns.
– Issued the Stamp Tax 1765
on the colonies.
What were some results of the
French and Indian War?