Transcript Air Law - people

AIR SPACE
Airspace and Airports
Canada’s AIRSPACE
Airspace
CANADA’S
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Flight Information Regions
Domestic airspace
Sparsely Settled Areas
Altimeter Regions
Air Defense Identification Zones
High and Low Level Airspace
Classification of Canadian Airspace
FLIGHT
INFORMATION
REGIONS (FIR)
CANADA’S AIRSPACE
 All airspace over Canadian landmass,
Canadian Arctic, Canadian Archipelago, and
the High Seas areas within that airspace
 Air space is divided
-geographically (horizontally) and
-vertically
COMPASS ERRORS all airspace
 ANDS
 Northerly turning error
– sluggish in North quadrant headings
– lively in South quadrant
– no turning error on West or East headings
CANADIAN
DOMESTIC
AIRSPACE
NORTHERN DOMESTIC AIRSPACE
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Magnetic North Pole near centre of NDA
Erratic magnetic compass readings
All headings are TRUE
Sparsely settled area
SOUTHERN DOMESTIC AIRSPACE
 All headings are MAGNETIC
ALTIMETER REGIONS
 Standard Pressure Region
29.92”
- All airspace above 18,000’
- Altitude is called “Flight Level”
- Northern Canada
 Altimeter Setting Region
Station pressure
- Southern Canada below 18,000’
- for departure, enroute, arrival
ALTIMETER
REGIONS
DESIGNATED
MOUNTAINOUS
REGIONS
AIR DEFENCE IDENTIFICATION ZONE
ADIZ
 PURPOSE
 IFR or DVFR flight plan filed with ATC or
the Northern Warning System
 No deviation from flight plan
 Must include estimated time of
penetration
 Functioning two-way radio required
 +20 NM or +5 minutes tolerances
 Notify ATC immediately of any changes
AIR DEFENCE IDENTIFICATION ZONE ADIZ
HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE
All airspace above the low level airspace
LOW LEVEL AIRSPACE
From the ground up to
but not including 18,000’ ASL
or the base of the High Level Airspace
HIGH LEVEL
AIRSPACE
HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE
 Control Zones
- 3, 5, 7 NM radius
- ground to 3000’ (AGL)
LOW LEVEL
CONTROLLED
AIRSPACE
 Transition Area
- defined dimensions
- 700’ AGL to base of overlying airspace
- normally 15 NM radius of airport
 Terminal Control Area
- around busy airports to facilitate IFR control
- 45 NM radius1200/2200 AGL
 Control Area Extension
- around a high volume airport to facilitate IFR control
- dimensions determined by requirements
LOW LEVEL AIRWAYS
From 2,200’ AGL up to but not including 18,000’ ASL
LOW LEVEL CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATION
 Seven Classifications: A to G
 Classification governs flight rules in that
airspace
 Specific information on a given airspace is
supplemented in the VFR Nav Chart and
Canada Flight Supplement
 Classification is related to:
traffic density, speed, use of airspace
Class G Airspace
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Uncontrolled airspace
ATC has NO authority or responsibility
ATC may provide an information service
SD Airspace: surface up to 18,000’ ASL
or the base of any other class of
airspace
 ND Airspace: surface up to the base of
the high level airspace
Class F Airspace
 Has defined dimensions
 May have periods of validity
 May be controlled, uncontrolled, or a
combination of both
 Special use airspace:
-Advisory (A)
-Restricted (R)
Class F Airspace
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CYA113(A)
CY – Canada
A – Alert
R – Restricted
D – Danger (international waters)
113 – area locator
A – aerobatic
F – aircraft test
H – hang gliding
M – military ops
P – parachuting
S – soaring
T - training
Class F Airspace
Class F Airspace
 Advisory Airspace:
-non-participating pilots should be
aware of it
-no specific restriction, however
-encouraged to avoid
-exercise extra vigilance
 Restricted Airspace:
-do not enter without permission
Niagara Falls
Class E Airspace
 Where there is a need for controlled airspace
other than A, B, C or D
 IFR clx, VFR
 Includes all Low Level Airways below 12,500
 Includes all airspace above FL600
 Can include control zones
 Includes control area extensions and
transition zones
Control Zones, QA, PQ / LL Airways
Class E
Airspace
Control Area Extension – class E
Class E Airspace
Class D Airspace
 IFR - clearance required
 VFR - must establish radio comm with ATC
prior to entry into class D airspace (must
obtain clx prior to entry)
 Maintain VFR at all times, maintain
separation from other traffic and obstacles
 Radio required, comm failure procedures
 Must comply with ATC clx and instructions
 Reverts to class E if ATC is not available
Tower Control Zones (CYKZ, CYOO, CYTZ)
CLASS D
Class C Airspace
 IFR clx, VFR clx
 Must obtain clx prior to entry
 Maintain VFR at all times, maintain
separation from other traffic and obstacles
 ATC provides separation to IFR and as
necessary to VFR aircraft
 Radio required, comm failure procedures
 Mode C transponder required
 Reverts to Class E if ATC is not available
Terminal Control Areas, TRSA, CYYZ Zone
CLASS C
Zone and
TCA
Class B Airspace
 IFR clx, VFR clx (CVFR)
 Must obtain clx prior to entry
 ATC provides separation to IFR and
CVFR
 Controlled airspace 12,500’ to 18,000’
on airways and airspace so designated
 CVFR – no special endorsements
– VFR at all times
– Flight plan, radio, Mode C transponder
Class B
Airspace
above the E
Low Level Airways
 VOR or Victor Airways (V194)
 Based at 2200’ AGL
 Up to 12,500’ASL = Class E airway
AND
 12,500’ to 18,000’ ASL = Class B airway
 VFR on airway below 12,500’, not
subject to ATC control
Class A Airspace
 IFR clx, No VFR
 18,000’ (NCA FL230, ACA FL280) up to
FL600
 Require mode C transponder
HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE
Class A Airspace
SPECIAL PURPOSE AIRSPACE
 Special purposes airspace
 May also designate an airspace for the
purposes of:
- protecting an existing structure
- any other surface based activity
 May be declared via NOTAM
Air shows, Olympics, prisons, forest fires – 5 NM/3000’ AGL
Transponder Airspace
IFR & VFR SUMMARY