Transcript North Africa - Woodford County Schools

Warmup
•Read the introduction
to the Sahara Chapter:
Pages 299-300 in
Geography Alive
North Africa
Regions of Africa
We will break Africa down into Five Regions:
North, East, West, central and South.
North Africa
• North Africa consists of the
following countries: Algeria,
Libya, Egypt, Morocco, Sudan,
South Sudan, Tunisia and
Western Sahara.
• These countries share many
cultural and geographical
similarities.
The three countries we’ll focus on:
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Algeria:
Libya:
Egypt:
We’ll focus on these partially because of the
uprisings going on there now
Algeria Physical Geography
• Largest country in all of Africa… about 3 ½
times the size of Texas.
• Terrain: Atlas Mountains in the North,
Sahara Desert everywhere else.
Climate: Mediterranean Climate (hot, dry
summers, mild, rainy winters.
Algeria is home to the Ergs
ERGS
Huge shifting sand dunes that make living there near impossible…
Algeria Political Geography
• 99% of Algerians are Muslim
• 90% live within a hundred miles or so of the
Mediterranean Sea. Those who do not live
near the coast live in and around oases in the
Sahara.
• ¼ of Algerians are 14 and under.
• Widespread poverty is leading to heavy
emigration./
Libya Physical /Geography
• Libya is about 1/5 the size of the U.S.
• Terrain: 90% of Libya is desert
• Hottest temperature ever recorded on Earth
was in Libya (136 degrees).
• Climate: Libya is one of the driest places on
Earth. Libya has NO permanent rivers.
Libya Political Geography
• Libya is wealthiest country in North Africa.
• How could this be when 90% of the land is
desert?
• Libya produces about 1 million barrels of oil a
day.
• ¾ of Libya’s food has to be imported because
of lack of farmland.
Libya Political Geography continued
• 86% live near the Mediterranean Sea.
• 97% of Libyans are Muslim.
• 50% of Libyans are under 15!!
Egypt Physical Geography
• The Nile river (world’s longest) flows through
Egypt.
• Egypt controls Suez Canal, a manmade
passage between Mediterranean Sea and Red
Sea.
• 90% + of Egypt’s population lives within a few
miles of the Nile, which provides Egypt’s only
arable land.
Egypt Political Geography
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55% of Egyptians live in rural areas.
Fellaheen are subsistence farmers.
94% Muslim population.
Agriculture and Oil exports are largest parts of
economy.
Tomorrow:
North Africa in the news right now!!
Desert Environment
What are the physical characteristics of the
desert?
•Ergs, regs and hammadas
•Only two rivers flow, the Nile and Niger
•Temperatures vary greatly between day and night
•Rain is unpredictable
Adaptations to Life in the Desert
•How have people adapted to living in the desert?
•1/3 are pastoral nomads
•Tuareg wear loose clothing to protect from sun
•Camels for transportation
•Drilling machines have created new oases
Oasis Environment
What are the physical characteristics?
•Tiny, fresh-water islands in the desert
•Some are natural
•Others are made when humans dig
•Date palms are most common plant
Adaptations to life in the oasis
•How have people adapted?
•Farmers grow cash crops like dates and
vegetables
•Nomads trade products for food and water
•Windbreaks protect fields from desert
•As oasis expands people must walk distances
Sahel
What are the physical characteristics?
•Marginal farm land
•Grassland, acacia trees, baobab trees, bushes
•Drought is fact of life
•Desertification
Adaptations
•Millet, sorghum crops
•Shifting agriculture
•Herders wander
•Coal for fuel instead of wood
Peter Pan’s Lost Boys
Dinka in Sudan
Exit Slip
After watching the video, summarize on your own sheet of paper
what happened to the Lost Boys by including the following:
•What push factors caused the Lost Boys to leave Sudan
•How the war changed the daily life of the Sudanese in Sudan and
in the camps
•What new things the boys experienced as the traveled from
Kenya to the United States
•How would you compare the Sudan Civil War to our own civil
war?
SS-06-4.3.2 - Students will explain why and give examples of how human populations may change
and/or migrate because of factors such as war, famine, disease, economic opportunity and
technology in the present day. DOK 3