Transcript Sana_Lake Chad

Formation of Lake Chad and
its background stories:
By: Sana Boguena
Chad map
Map of the study area
Climate
. The Lake Chad Basin has a great range of
tropical climate from north to south.
. Most of these climate tend to be dry.
. Some regions in that area are characterized by a
cycle of alternating rainy and dry season.
. The duration of each season is determined by two
great air masses:
-A maritime mass over the Atlantic Ocean
-A much drier continent mass.
Water Systems:
.Permanent streams do no exist in northern Chad
.Water may flow through depressions calling
enneris or wadis.
.Chad’s major rivers are the chari and the logone
and their tributaries, which flow from the
southeast into lake Chad.
.Both river systems rise in the highlands of
Central African Republic and Cameroon.
.the regions receive more than 1,250 millimeters
of rainfall annually.
Fishing
. In the 1970s Chad ranked high among
Africa’ producers of inland freshwater fish.
.Traditionally, fish has been an important
source of protein for those living along the
rivers and lakes.
.There was not accurate statistical
information on fishing.
.In the mid-1980s, Chad had taken few
steps to control or modernize fishing or to
promote fish conservation.
Research Boat and fishing:
Lake Chad as seen from Apollo-7 in
1968.
Lake Chad’s story cont’
. Lake Chad is one of the biggest lake in Africa
.It is blue, salty water and measured more than
10 meter deep.
.The size of Lake Chad has gone from 30,000
km in 40 years.
. Between 1966 and 1997, Lake Chad has
gone from 25,000 km to less than 1,500 km.
1973
1987
1997
Earth Observation in 2001
Distribution of Aquatic Macrophytes In Lake Chad in 1968:
.Black spots show
areas where special
Studies have been
carried out.
.Based on my
research , I found
out that cyperus and
typha australis are
common in that area
Zonation of aquatic and terrestrial
vegetation on a dume slope in the
archipelago.
Palm trees in the Lake Chad’s area
International and National
organizations involved:
. Office de la Recherche Scientifique et
Technique Outre – Mer (ORSTOM)
. Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC)
.Global Environment Facility (GEF)
.World Bank.
Conclusion:
The Lake Chad Basin is a great place for
environment researches and other studies
issues, but it needs a lot of works and
helps. For the future, Lake Chad Basin
need an additional biological research
and government control .
References:
.The scientific Editors ORSTOM, 24,rue
Bayard, 75008 Paris, France.
.www.Africa’s Disappearing Lake Chad/
.http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?cstdy
.Wetland in Lake Chad,1968