Transcript WP5 Assembly

Emissions and Modeling
Volker Matthias and WP5 members
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Tasks
•Monitoring and simulation of pollutant generation and
spread – create an updated emission inventory
•Translate emissions into concentrations by numerical
modeling
• Show case: modeling and simulation of air quality in a
harbour region
• Development of an implementation strategy for clean
shipping technology
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Ship emissions inventory
Route
Basic vessel data
Departure and arrival
places and dates for a
complete year
Year of construction
Engine type
Fuel type
Power
…
Ship Emissions
Vessel movement data
Time spent in grid box
Emission factor [g/kWh]
Ship emissions per
grid box
Land based
emissions
Available at HZG
Chemical transport modeling
Deposition and concentration distribution
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
3
Available inventories:
Helmholtz-Zentrum: year 2000
+23 %
NOx
from ships
NOx in summer
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Available inventories:
more recent: DCMR year 2008
Based on AIS data
Number and type of ships in 13 ship
and 8 size classes
Observations in 6 min intervals
Individual ship characteristics from a
ship data base
Grid resolution: 0.5 x 0.5 km2, 5 x 5 km2
Emission factors from literature (TNO)
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Emission map (DCMR inventory)
NOx in January
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Revision of emission factors
Dependence on
• engine type
• speed
• type of operations
• fuel type
• abatement technologies
Very important in harbour regions (manoeuvring)
Calculation of variable emission factors: U Newcastle
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Measurements aboard ships (GL)
Three ship types:
Cruise ship, container ship, feeder
Species:
NOx, CO, CO2, SO2, Hydrocarbons
Different operation modes:
Manoeuvring, slow speed, normal speed
Different engines and fuels:
Main and aux. engines, marine diesel and heavy fuel oil
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Concentration maps – sea going ships
Results for 2000 by HZG
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
NOx share in the Rijnmond area
by
DCMR
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Show cases
Application of model systems from HZG and DCMR
in 2-4 regions
First priority:
Rotterdam, Hamburg
Second priority:
Bergen, Gothenburg
Comparison to observations of
concentrations necessary
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Emission Scenarios
What-if-questions
Reduction of emissions and concentrations due to the
implementation of:
• Onshore power supply
• Use of LNG
• SECA (0.1 %S)
• NECA
• Abatement technologies (e.g. SCR)
• Changes in ship operations (e.g. slow steaming)
•…
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Implementation
Which measures will give the highest benefit in air quality
improvements?
Which measures have a good cost/benefit ratio?
Which measures have a good chance to be implemented?
What can be done to support the implementation of efficient
ways to reduce air pollution?
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Summary
Detailed ship emission inventories are available for the North
Sea and the Rijnmond area
A new inventory will be built up to cover other regions
Emission factors will be updated and checked by on-board
observations
Show case regions are defined, air quality observations are
collected
Scenarios are defined in cooperation with WP3 and WP4
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011
Lead beneficiary
CNSS General Assembly, Newcastle, 9 June 2011