Transcript Campus Network

Cabling
UTP AND FIBER CABLING
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Cabling
Structured Cabling Infrastructure
Mounted and permanent
Allows patching
Comfort that infrastructure
is OK
Components:
Information Outlet with Face
Plate
Patch Panel
UTP Cable
Patch Cord
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Cabling
Fiber Optic Cabling Infrastructure
Components:
Fiber Cable
Fiber Pigtail
Fiber Connectors
LIU
Coupler
Fiber Patch Cord
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Cabling
Fiber Optic Installation –
Outside Plant
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QUESTIONS?
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Campus Networks
Campus LAN Technology Options
Ethernet
Fast Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet
10 Gig Ethernet
WLAN
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Campus Network
Campus Network Architecture
Server
Farm
Firewall
Backbone Switch
Router
Internet
Distribution Switch
Access Switch
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Campus Network
Campus Network Architecture
Uses Three Tier Switching Architecture (Popularly known as
Cisco’s Switching Architecture)
Backbone Switch
Layer 3/4 Chassis based switch
Multiple 100Fx or 1000SX/LX or 10GLX/LH ports for
connectivity to Distribution switches
Multiple 10/100/1000 ports for connectivity to Servers
Distribution Switch
Layer 2/3 Managed Fixed configuration switch
1/2 100Fx or 1000Sx/Lx or 10GLX/LH ports for connectivity to
the Backbone switch
Multiple 10/100 or 10/100/1000 ports for connectivity to the
Access switches
Access Switch
Layer2 Managed/Unmanaged Fixed configuration switch
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Multiple 10/100 or 10/100/1000 ports for desktop connectivity
LAN Technologies
802.11 Wireless LAN
Desktop
with PCI 802.11 LAN card
Network
connectivity
to the
legacy
wired LAN
Access Point
Laptop
with PCMCIA 802.11 LAN card
Provides network connectivity over wireless media
An Access Point (AP) is installed to act as Bridge
between Wireless and Wired Network
The AP is connected to wired network and is
equipped with antennae to provide wireless
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connectivity
LAN Technologies
802.11 Wireless LAN
Range ( Distance between Access Point and WLAN
client) depends on structural hindrances and RF
gain of the antenna at the Access Point
To service larger areas, multiple APs may be
installed with a 20-30% overlap
A client is always associated with one AP and when
the client moves closer to another AP, it associates
with the new AP (Hand-Off)
Four flavors:
802.11b
802.11a
802.11g
802.11n
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QUESTIONS?
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MAN Technologies
Residential Networks: Dial-up
Uses POTS (Plain Old Telephone System)
Provides a low cost need based access.
Bandwidth 33.6 /56 Kbps.
RAS
On the Customer End: Modem is connected to a
Telephone Line
On the Service Provider End: Remote Access Server
(RAS) is connected to Telephone Lines (33.6 Kbps
connectivity) or E1/R2 Line (56 Kbps connectivity)
RAS provide dialin connectivity, authentication and
metering.
Achievable bandwidth depends on the line quality. 12
MAN Technologies
Residential Networks: DSL
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) uses the Ordinary
Telephone line and is an always-on technology. This
means there is no need to dial up each time to
connect to the Internet.
Because DSL is highly dependent upon noise levels,
a subscriber cannot be any more than 5.5 kilometers
(2-3 miles) from the DSL Exchange
Service can be symmetric, in which downstream and
upstream speeds are identical, or asymmetric in
which downstream speed is faster than upstream
speed.
DSL comes in several varieties:
Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)
High Data Rate DSL (HDSL)
Symmetric DSL (SDSL)
Very High Data Rate DSL (VDSL)
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MAN Technologies
Residential Broadband: ADSL
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MAN Technologies
Residential Broadband: Mobile
Wireless
Use CDMA (128 Kbps) or GSM GPRS (384 Kbps)
Mobile Wireless or 3G (2 Mbps)
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Enterprise Network
Enterprise WAN Network
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Enterprise Network
Enterprise WAN Network
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Enterprise Network
Enterprise WAN Network
Server
Farm
Corporate Head Office
Branch Office
Service Provider
Network
Branch Office
All the locations are connected through a Service Provider Network
over MPLS Backbone
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Branch Office
QUESTIONS?
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TCP/IP Model
TCP/IP Model
Application Layer
Application programs using the network
Transport Layer (TCP/UDP)
Management of end-to-end message transmission,
error detection and error correction
Network Layer (IP)
Handling of datagrams : routing and congestion
Data Link Layer
Management of cost effective and reliable data delivery,
access to physical networks
Physical Layer
Physical Media
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Internet Protocol
IP as a Routed Protocol
IP
is
a
connectionless,
unreliable, best-effort delivery
protocol.
IP accepts whatever data is
passed down to it from the
upper layers and forwards the
data in the form of IP Packets.
All the nodes are identified
using an IP address.
Packets are delivered from the
source to the destination using
IP address
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Internet Protocol
Packet Propagation
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Internet Protocol
IP Address
IP address is for the INTERFACE of a host. Multiple
interfaces mean multiple IP addresses, i.e., routers.
32 bit IP address in dotted-decimal notation for ease
of reading, i.e., 193.140.195.66
Address 0.0.0.0, 127.0.0.1
carries special meaning.
and
255.255.255.255
IP address is divided into a network number and a
host number.
Also bits in Network or Host Address cannot be all 0
or 1.
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Internet Protocol
IP Configuration of an Interface
Static
DHCP
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Internet Protocol
IPv6
Internet Protocol Version 4 is the most popular
protocol in use today, although there are some
questions about its capability to serve the Internet
community much longer.
IPv4 was finished in the 1970s and has started to
show its age.
The main issue surrounding IPv4 is addressing—or,
the lack of addressing—because many experts
believe that we are nearly out of the four billion
addresses available in IPv4.
Although this seems like a very large number of
addresses, multiple large blocks are given to
government agencies and large organizations.
IPv6 could be the solution to many problems posed25
by IPv4
Internet Protocol
IPv6
IPv6 uses 128 bit address instead of 32 bit address.
The IPv6 addresses are being distributed and are
supposed to be used based on geographical
location.
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TCP/UDP
TCP/UDP
Transport Layer Protocol
TCP is connection Oriented (uses checksum and
acknowledgment)
UDP is Connectionless
Both use the concept of Connection Port Number
(16 Bit Source Port Number and Destination Port
Number)
Standard Applications have standard Port Numbers
(Email 25, Telnet 23, FTP 20 & 21, SSH 22)
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QUESTIONS?
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