Transcript cti - High Speed Network

인터넷 CTI 기술
’99. 2.
김원순
로커스 정보통신연구소
HSN’99 by wskim
-1-
CTI LEADER
Internet CTI
• CTI Evolution
• Voice over Packet Network
– H.323 Protocol
• Case Study
– VoIP : Excel Strategy
HSN’99 by wskim
-2-
CTI LEADER
CTI Evolution
CTI Is Ready For Prime Time
Deployment
TSAPI, TAPI
CallPath Server
CTI Servers
Rockwell
Transaction
Link
1982
HSN’99 by wskim
IVR
IBM CallPath
DEC CIT
HP ACT
1990
1986
-3-
ECTF S.x00
ECMA CSTA
VoIP H.323
1994
CTI LEADER
CTI in the 90’s . . .
Factors Favoring CTI
Business
 Competition
 Customer Care
 Consolidation
 Reengineering
Technology
IEC Services
CPE Features
Life Cycle
Price Pressures
HSN’99 by wskim
-4-
CTI LEADER
Generic CTI Capabilities
• “Screen Pop”




ANI
DNIS
IVRU
Inbound/Outbound
Increased
Productivity
• Skills Based Routing
• Voice and Data Transfer
Improved Customer
Service
 Person-to-Person
 IVRU-to-Person
• Information
 Who Called
 What Happened
HSN’99 by wskim
-5-
CTI LEADER
CSR
Contact
Management SW
Business
Application
RDBMS
CTI Application
ACD
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI APIs
-6-
Legacy System Connectivity
Management (TP Monitor)
Call Center Server Components
Legacy
Systems
CTI LEADER
CTI Evolution
Written Procedures
Electronic Mail
Groupware
& Workflow
Computing
Internets
Intranets
Vendor- Open
MM
Specific
CTI
InteCTI Standards gration
Real-time
Value
Creation
7
Business
Processes &
Organization
Online
EDI
Order
Forms
Web-enabled
Call Centers Users, Clients
& Suppliers
Telecommunications Voice Mail
ACD/IVR
Call Centers
Phone
HSN’99 by wskim
-7-
Source:
Gartner Group
CTI
LEADER
Customer Contact System
Network
Call Center N
Call Center 2
Information
Technologies
Call& Voice
Processing
Fax/EDI/Image
Dialer
IVR
Public
Telephone
Network
MIS
ACD
Callers
Internet
Legacy
Systems
FMS
TCP/IP
Information
Tools
Open
Apps.
CTI
Server
CMS
Network Based
Enhanced
Features
Desktop
HSN’99 by wskim
-8-
CTI LEADER
CTI Functionality Mapping
Difficult
Easy
Financial
Value
$ High


Screen Pop

Database
Routing

$ Low

Skills
Routing
Softphone

Measurements
Blending
Implementation Difficulty
HSN’99 by wskim
-9-
CTI LEADER
CTI Technology Support Representatives to Provide Integrated
“One and Done” Service
Old System
New System
Accounts
Empowered
Customer
Service
Agent
Contact
Customer
“Not my problem.”
Information
Quotes
Information
Needs
Customer
“Yes, I can
do it.”
Marketing
Works
Appoints
Contact
Management
Debt
Recovery
Billing
• Separate information systems by
functionality.
• Seamless interface between
information systems.
• Specialized agents by function.
• All agents able to access all information.
• Systems designed for ease of call
center use.
• Systems often require expert
knowledge.
• Agents enabled to make on-the-spot
decisions.
• Complex decision-making hierarchy.
• Effective “corporate memory.”
• Service not linked from call to call.
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
CTI Applications
Messaging
Vociemail
LAN Fax
E-mail
Database Access
IVR
Fax-on-Demand
ADSI
Connectivity
Co Carrier
AIN-IP
Service Node
Voice/Data Integration
HSN’99 by wskim
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Audio-Conferencing
Automated Dialing
Integrated Call Center
CTI LEADER
Technology Tree
È£Á¦¾î
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Inbound
Signal
Outbo
-und
Signal
PCM
À½¼º
¾ÐÃà
À½¼º
¾ÐÃà
Fax
µ¥ÀÌÅÍ
À½¼º
ÀνÄ
µ¥ÀÌÅÍ
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Transport Network Infrastructure
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HSN’99 by wskim
°øÁß±³È¯
½ÅÈ£¸Á
ATM
¼¿·ê·¯/
PCS
- 12 -
¹«¼±È£Ãâ
À§¼º
LAN/
Internet
CTI LEADER
“the killer app of the Internet”
1993: “the network is the computer”
1993 response: “Huh?”
1996: “the network is the computer”
1996 response: “Obviously...”
1996: “...customer interaction will be the killer app of
the Internet...”
-- Dr. Eric Schmidt, Chief Technology Officer, Sun Microsystems
1996 response: “Hmm… ”
1999 response: “
”
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Three Stages of Customer
Interaction Channel Integration
Established Channels will be increasingly augmented by Internet
and Web-related technologies. Each of the technologies outlined
below are available today. Several still require improvements in
scalability, security, or robustness; but, none are fantasy...
ESTABLISHED
CHANNELS
 Direct Physical
Interaction
 Direct Mail
 Telephone
 Person-to-Person
 VRU
 Fax
HSN’99 by wskim
SUDDENLY REQUIRED
CHANNELS
 Web-based information
display
 Web-based forms
 Callback Request
 Email
 Web-based “VRU”
- 14 -
EMERGING, EXCITING
CHANNELS
 Web-based chat
 Internet telephony
 Hybrid telephony
 Application/page
sharing
 Videoconferencing
CTI LEADER
Voice over Packet Network
• Architecture
–
–
–
–
Delivering QOS
Voice over WAN
Voice QOS point of measure
Voice over Broadband- Vision
• H.323 Protocol
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Delivering QOS
Signaling
Control of
Latency
Bandwidth
Reservation
Type of
Voice vs
data vs fax
Minimum
Delay
Variation
QOS based
Routing
Path selection
dependent on
QOS, fixed
during the call
Multiple priority
levels, avoiding
tandem points
Constrained
delay variation
even under
congestion
Minimum bandwidth
allocation for the call
with connection
admission controls
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Voice over WAN
Circuit Switched Voice
Network
Voice
over IP
Voice
over FR
Voice
over FR
VOice
over ATM
VOice
over ATM
HSN’99 by wskim
. Voice over IP
. QOS via RSVP
. Multiple priority queueing
. Voice over frame relay
. SVCs
. QOS via FR traffic classes
. Local fragmentation at UNI
. Voice over ATM
.Variable bitrate (VBR-RT)
. SVCs
- 17 -
CTI LEADER
Where Are We on Voice QOS?
Signaling
IP
FR
ATM
Control of
Latency
Bandwidth
Reservation
RSVP bandwidth reservation
effectiveness yet to be proven
QOS based
Routing
?
Minimum
Delay
Variation
?
?
RSVP bandwidth reservation
effectiveness yet to be proven
ATM designed for mixed non-real-time & real-time services
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Voice Networking over Broadband : The
Vision
Circuit Switched
Voice Network
Voice
FRAD
Wireless
V/IP
LAN
Data
network
Native
ATM
. Voice : an element of
multimedia applications
. Voice over IP
. QOS-sensitive LANs
. RSVP mapping to ATM COS
. Seamless voice networking
featuresI
. Voice over frame relay
. Interoperability with ATM
. VOice over ATM
. Voice VPN equivalency
Voice Everywherel
Multimedia Call as Simple as Voice Call
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
VoFR, VoATM, VoIP Opportunity
Unacceptable
Utility
Quality
Business
Quality
Toll
Quality
Cellular
Cost
($)
Internet
PSTN
Voice
Vo ATM
Vo ATM
(8 Kbps)
(PCM/AAL1)
Intranet
Vo FR
Vo IP
HSN’99 by wskim
- 20 Quality
CTI LEADER
H.323 Protocol
• Components
– Terminal
– Gatekeeper, Gateway
• Protocol Flows
–
–
–
–
Call Establishment
Control Signaling Flows
Media Stream and Media Control Flows
Call Release
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
H.323 Protocol
H.323 IP-based visual telephone systems & terminal
equipment—covers video conferencing audio, video,
graphics, encryption, multipoint
Compression algorithms
from 64 Kb/s to 2.048 Mb/s
CIF/QCIF
H.323
Compression algorithms twice as
efficient as H.261
H.261 H.263
H.245 control and indication
for frame sync
Audio standards
G.728
H.245
G.711 3kHz audio into
56/64Kb/s streams
G.722 G.711
G.722 7kHz wideband
48/56/64 Kb/s stream
hi-fidelity audio
G.723
G.729
H.245
HSN’99 by wskim
H.225 frame structure
T.120
Point-to-point and multipoint data
conferences (not truly part of the
H.32X standard)
High
H.323 Res
JPEG
graphics
JPEG still video standards
Custom or non-standard graphics not prohibited
by H.320—systems must be the same
G.723 6.3 Kb/s stream
G.729 8.0 Kb/s stream
H.225
H.245 establishing
communications
Control
Multipoint control units control
- 22 -
CTI LEADER
Terminal
Audio
Apps
Video
Apps
G.711
G.729
G.723.
1
H.261
H.263
Terminal Call Manager
RTCP
H.225.0
RAS
H.225.0
H.245
Call
Control
Signallin Signallin
g
g
T.120
Data
RTP
Transport Protocols & Network Interface
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper Manager
Billing Services
H.225.0
RAS
(server)
H.225.0
Call
Sig.
H.245
Control
Sig.
Directory Services
Security Services
Transport Protocols and Network Interface
HSN’99 by wskim
- 24 -
Policy-based
Call Management
Services
CTI LEADER
Gateway
Billing
Services
Interworking Call Control
Gateway Call Manager
RTP
RTCP
H.225.0
RAS
(client)
H.225.0
Call
Signallin
g
Transport Protocols & Network Interface
HSN’99 by wskim
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SCN Signalling
Call Control
Layer e.g. Q.931
H.245
Control
Signallin
g
SCN Signalling
Link Control
Layer e.g. LAPD
SCN Signalling
Physical Interface
CTI LEADER
Call Establishment Flows
ARQ(1)
ACF(2)
SETUP(3)
CALL PROCEEDING(4)
ARQ(5)
ACF(6)
ALERTING(7)
CONNECT(8)
H.225 Signalling
Message
RAS Message
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Control Signaling Flows
TerminalCapabilitySet(9)
(10)
TerminalCapabilitySetAck
)
TerminalCapabilitySet(11
TerminalCapabilitySetAck
(12)
OpenLogicalChannel(13)
)
OpenLigicalChannelAck(14
OpenLogicalChannel(15)
OpenLogicalChannelAck(16
)
H.245 Message
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Media Stream and Media Control
Flows
RTP Media Stream(17)
RTP Media Stream(18)
RTCP Messages(19)
RTCP Messages(20)
RTP Media Stream and RTCP Message
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Call Release
End Session Command(21)
End Session Command(22)
RELEASE COMPLETE(23)
DRQ(24)
DRQ(24)
DRQ(24)
DRQ(24)
H.225 Signalling Message
RAS Message
H.245 Message
HSN’99 by wskim
- 29 -
CTI LEADER
PSTN to IP to PSTN call Flow
Voice Lines/Trunks
MF, ISDN, R2, etc.
Voice Lines/Trunks
MF, ISDN, R2, etc.
Internet Protocol
Networks
Internet
Telephony
Switch
PSTN
Telephone
Switch
2
8
6
H.323
Gateway
3
1
Gatekeeper
Internet
Telephony
Switch
H.323
Gateway
7
LAN/WAN
Gatekeeper
4
5
H.323
Terminals
HSN’99 by wskim
- 30 -
CTI LEADER
PSTN
Telephone
Switch
H.323 Terminal to PSTN call Flow
Internet
Telephony
Switch
PSTN
Telephone
Switch
Internet
Telephony
Switch
H.323
Gateway
H.323
Gateway
5
LAN/WAN
4
2
Gatekeeper
6
1
Gatekeeper
3
H.323
Terminals
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
PSTN
Telephone
Switch
PSTN to H.323 Terminal call Flow
Internet
Telephony
Switch
PSTN
Telephone
Switch
H.323
Gateway
Internet
Telephony
Switch
H.323
Gateway
3
LAN/WAN
2
4
1
Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper
6
5
H.323
Terminals
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
PSTN
Telephone
Switch
Standard Status
• H.323 단점
– 프로토콜 불완전성으로 상호운용성 저하
– WAN에 맞지 않은 긴 설정지연 : 8-30 sec
– 새로운 기능 추가시 프로토콜 복잡
• SIP(Session Initiated Protocol)
– 패킷 단위의 빠른 설정
– 새로운 기능의 추가 용이
– 표준화 시작 상태
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Case Study
• Programmable Switch
• Voice Over IP:
Excel Product Strategy
HSN’99 by wskim
- 34 -
CTI LEADER
Computer Technology
Special
Purpose
Computing
Large,
Commercial
Applications
Open
Systems
Open, Scalable,
Distributed
Systems
1950............1960...................1970.................1980.........................................................
Switch Technology
Special
Purpose
Switching
Large
Switching
Applications
Programmable
Open
Switches
Open, Scalable,
Distributed
Systems
1960.................1970.................1980..................1990.................................
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
CO 교환 장비
•
특징 :
–
대용량 처리에 적합
–
최고의 시스템 안정성
–
고도의 호처리 용량 및
성능 지원
•
한계점 :
–
•
•
사설교환장비
개방형 교환장비
특징 :
•
–
소용량의 교환 장비로
설계
–
개방형 API
(서비스 개발의 용이)
–
가입자 회선 중심의 설
계
–
용량의 확장성
(응용서비스별)
–
복수서비스 수용
–
빠른 서비스 개발/수정
–
높은 신뢰성
–
낮은 초기 투자비 및
낮은 운영비
한계점 :
–
단순 교환 기능 이외 부
가기능 구현의 한계성
–
–
통신 장비의 단계별 점
진적 확장의 어려움
–
–
응용서비스 및 신호처
리에 대한 변경 및 추가
의 어려움
(비용,
시간)
HSN’99 by wskim
특징 :
–
–
기간통신 사업자용 설계
구조가 아님
신호처리 기능의 한계성
- SS7, ISDN-PRI 등
불완전한 이중화 및 Hot
Swapping 기능
응용서비스 개발의 어려
움
신호처리 프로그램 개발
의 어려움
- 36 -
CTI LEADER
VoIP Applications
•
•
•
•
•
International Long Distance
VoIP-enabled ESPs
Unified Messaging
Fax over IP
Virtual 2nd line
HSN’99 by wskim
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CTI LEADER
Excel VoIP Product Strategy
• VoIP as a Plug-in Technology
• Transparent to Excel API
• Open Architecture to allow Integration of
Multiple VoIP Technologies
• H.323 Industry Standard Product to work
with other Gateways as well as End-user PCs
• Evolution to Converged Voice/Data
Backbone for EXS Architecture
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI LEADER
VoIP Product Directions
• VoIP via EXNET Connect
– Fastest Time to Market
– Integrate 3rd Party VoIP Solutions
VocalTec , AudioCodes, NMS Fusion, Dialogic
– Integrate as Network Interface
Layer-3 to EXS Call Control
Transparency to Applications
• VoIP EXS Chassis Solution
–
–
–
–
Higher Density, Lower Cost per Port
Excel Redundancy Solutions
Higher Level of Integration, Voice/Data Backbone
Same API
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI LEADER
VoIP with EXNET Connect
Host
ISA Bus
Excel Programmable Network Protocol Development
41 #
Page
ofp
41.2
af51 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -1
onp
41.5
af47 ()
Reset FWD
R2 DIG CTR to
1
(101)NETevL3_INT_EVENT_1
(32) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_2
SI 63
af48 (2)
OUTP the next FWD
MFC R2 SIG <Stage #>
af68 (15)
OUTP FWD
MFC SIG
af52 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -2
(37) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_7
af5 (1, 23)
Set PPL Timer
<Timer #>
<Timer ID>
af53 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -3
onp
41.3
(38) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_8
S 41
onp
41.2
af12 (176)
SND
INSZ/OUTZ
Control Error
(46) NETevTIMER1
(31) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_1
(45) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_15
(34) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_4
(35) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_5
af49 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = +1
ofp
39.3
(33)NETevBWD_R2_SIG_3
ofp
45.0
(100) NETevL3_INT_EVENT_0
SI 42
(101) NETevL3_INT_EVENT_1
Pentium
Media
CPU
Rsrce.
Telephony - Std. Bus
af48 (2)
OUTP the next
FWD MFC R2
SIG <Stage #>
ofp
43.0
(5) NETevRCV_LINE_SIG_0101 (34)
af50 (2)
GEN DEC EV
Type 11
<Stage #>
af5 (1, 22)
Set PPL Timer
<Timer #>
<Timer ID>
ofp
39.1
onp
41.1
af12 (177)
SND
INSZ/OUTZ
Control Error
af7 ()
Cancel R2
Reception
ofp
50.0
af68 (15)
OUTP FWD
MFC SIG
ofp
41.3
ofp
41.5
EXNET
Connect
Media Chassis
PSTN
02/24/94
Date:
onp
41.0
onp
41.4
af54 (2)
GEN DEC EV
Type 12
<Stage #>
NETevL3_INT_EVENT_0
IP
Network
EXNET
VoIP
Media
Resources
16K Port VOIP Gateway
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI LEADER
EXNET Connect VoIP Benefits
• Carrier Class Product
– Capacity - 30k ports in EXS today: 15k network ports
+ 15k VoIP ports in a single system.
– Complete System Redundancy available
– Hot Swap capability on Gateways
• Easy Integration into Existing Systems
– Application processes VoIP Calls using existing Excel
API
– Adding VoIP Gateway analogous to adding new type
of line interface like ISDN PRI or SS7
• Fastest Time to Market
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI LEADER
Integrated VoIP - VDAC
EX/CPU
I/O
EX/CPU
EX/CPU
I/O
EX/CPU
T1/E1/J1
I/O
T1/E1/J1
Line Cards
P
a
c
k
e
t
Ethernet
I/O
Ethernet
I/O
B
u
s
L
N
X
B
U
S
SS7
Card
VDAC
VDAC
DSP-ONE
POWER
HSN’99 by wskim
• Complete H.323 Gateway on
a Card
– H.323 Stack Processing
•
•
•
•
H.245/H.225 PPL Call Control
Packetization
Echo Cancel, Jitter Buffer
Multiple Voice Codecs
(G.729A, G.723)
– Voice Activity Detector
– DTMF Detect/Generation
• 32 54x-based DSPs
• 128 VoIP ports per card
Embedded
Host
CTI LEADER
VDAC Solution Benefits
• Reduced System Cost and Footprint
• Improved Reliability
– Card Level Hot Swap & Full EXS Chassis Redundancy Options
• Scalability - Scales to Maximum Size of EXS
• Same API for Applications as EXNET Connect VoIP
• Open DSP Environment Allows Integration of Multiple VoIP
or SIP Stacks
– Early adopter of new technologies, higher density technologies
– Interoperate between different VoIP vendors, standards
• Integrated Management with EXS Manage
• Core Technology for IP-based EXNET
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI LEADER
IP Based EXNET Architecture
Media
Processing
PSTN
EXNET
IP
Backbone
Media
Processing
HSN’99 by wskim
CTI LEADER
VOIP EXNET backbone
EX/CPU
EX/CPU
I/O
EX/CPU
EXNET Connect
Excel Programmable Network Protocol Development
02/24/94
Date:
41 #
Page
onp
41.0
onp
41.4
af54 (2)
GEN DEC EV
Type 12
<Stage #>
ofp
41.2
af51 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -1
onp
41.5
af47 ()
Reset FWD
R2 DIG CTR to
1
(101)NETevL3_INT_EVENT_1
(32) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_2
SI 63
af48 (2)
OUTP the next FWD
MFC R2 SIG <Stage #>
af52 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -2
NETevL3_INT_EVENT_0
af68 (15)
OUTP FWD
MFC SIG
(37) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_7
af5 (1, 23)
Set PPL Timer
<Timer #>
<Timer ID>
af53 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -3
onp
41.3
(38) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_8
S 41
onp
41.2
af12 (176)
SND
INSZ/OUTZ
Control Error
(46) NETevTIMER1
(31) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_1
(45) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_15
(34) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_4
(35) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_5
af49 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = +1
ofp
39.3
(33)NETevBWD_R2_SIG_3
ofp
45.0
af50 (2)
GEN DEC EV
Type 11
<Stage #>
af5 (1, 22)
Set PPL Timer
<Timer #>
<Timer ID>
(100) NETevL3_INT_EVENT_0
SI 42
(101) NETevL3_INT_EVENT_1
af48 (2)
OUTP the next
FWD MFC R2
SIG <Stage #>
ofp
43.0
(5) NETevRCV_LINE_SIG_0101 (34)
ofp
39.1
onp
41.1
af12 (177)
SND
INSZ/OUTZ
Control Error
af7 ()
Cancel R2
Reception
ofp
50.0
af68 (15)
OUTP FWD
MFC SIG
ofp
41.3
PCI Bus
ofp
41.5
DSP
Voice Bus
Host
H.323 Gateway
EX/CPU
I/O
EXNET
EXNET
I/O
T1/E1/J
1 I/O
Pentium
CPU
L
N
X
B
U
S
T1/E1
Standby
POWER
EXNET
Controller
T1/E1/J1
Line Cards
SS7
Controller
Redundant
T1/E1/J1
NIC
EXS Node
GateKeeper
Circuit
Switched
Network
Packet
Network
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Ethernet backbone
Call Control Host
GateKeeper, MCU
Ethernet Backbone
Media Proc. Node
IP EXNET Connect
Excel Programmable Network Protocol Development
02/24/94
Date:
41 #
Page
onp
41.0
onp
41.4
af54 (2)
GEN DEC EV
Type 12
<Stage #>
ofp
41.2
af51 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -1
onp
41.5
af47 ()
Reset FWD
R2 DIG CTR to
1
(101)NETevL3_INT_EVENT_1
(32) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_2
SI 63
af48 (2)
OUTP the next FWD
MFC R2 SIG <Stage #>
af68 (15)
OUTP FWD
MFC SIG
(37) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_7
af5 (1, 23)
Set PPL Timer
<Timer #>
<Timer ID>
af53 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -3
onp
41.3
(38) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_8
S 41
onp
41.2
af12 (176)
SND
INSZ/OUTZ
Control Error
(46) NETevTIMER1
(31) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_1
(45) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_15
(34) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_4
(35) NETevBWD_R2_SIG_5
af49 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = +1
ofp
39.3
(33)NETevBWD_R2_SIG_3
ofp
45.0
af5 (1, 22)
Set PPL Timer
<Timer #>
<Timer ID>
(100) NETevL3_INT_EVENT_0
SI 42
(101) NETevL3_INT_EVENT_1
af48 (2)
OUTP the next
FWD MFC R2
SIG <Stage #>
ofp
43.0
(5) NETevRCV_LINE_SIG_0101 (34)
af50 (2)
GEN DEC EV
Type 11
<Stage #>
ofp
39.1
onp
41.1
af12 (177)
SND
INSZ/OUTZ
Control Error
af7 ()
Cancel R2
Reception
ofp
50.0
af68 (15)
OUTP FWD
MFC SIG
ofp
41.3
PCI Bus
ofp
41.5
DSP
Voice Bus
af52 ()
FWD R2 XMIT
DIG CTR = -2
NETevL3_INT_EVENT_0
Pentium
CPU
EX/CPU
I/O
EX/CPU
EX/CPU
I/O
EX/CPU
IP
EXNET
I/O
L
N
X
T1/E1/J
1 I/O
T1/E1
Standby
POWER
B
U
S
IP EXNET
Controller
T1/E1/J1
Line Cards
SS7
Controller
Redundant
T1/E1/J1
EXS Node
Circuit
Switched
Network
Packet
Network
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Distributed/IP Interconnection
Application Services
IP
Integrated
IN
Applications
Subscriber
Database
IP
IP
CDR
Services
IP
NIU Element
Managemen
t
IP
External IN
Applications
Switching Services
VoIP
Gateway
Media
Application
Switching Node
IP
Layer 5
IP
Layer 5 - EXS Support Services
Layer 4
IP
Layer 4
IP
EXS Call Control
Media
Processing
IP
Layers 1,2,3
IP
Layers 1,2,3 - Transport Protocol
IP
Layer 5
IP Network
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Telephony
Terminal
Devices
PSTN
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감사합니다.
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