Transcript MiniRetreat - BNRG - University of California, Berkeley

Bridge to the
Future
ICEBERG MiniRetreat
August 11-12 1998
Berkeley City Club
Randy H. Katz
Anthony D. Joseph
Computer Science Division
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720-1776
Cellular “Core” Network
1
MiniRetreat Goals &
Technology Transfer
People
Project Status
Work in Progress
Prototype Technology
Early Access to Technology
Promising Directions
UC Berkeley Project Team
Reality Check
Feedback
Ericsson Sponsors
2
MiniRetreat Schedule
• Tuesday, August 11:
0730 - 0830 Breakfast
0830 - 1000 Project Overview
ICEBERG Project
NINJA Project
ICEBERG Status
Demonstration Overview
1000 - 1030 Break
1030 - 1200 Research Progress I
BTS-IP Integration Effort
RLP/TCP Measurement and Evaluation Testbed
1200 - 1300 Lunch
3
MiniRetreat Schedule
• Tuesday, August 11:
1300 - 1430 Research Progress II
Speech Services and Room Control
Service Discovery Service
1430 - 1500 Break/Walk to Soda Hall
1500 - 1730 Demos and Posters in Soda Hall
BTS-IP Integration
IVR Application
BTS-IP and IVR Application
Information Dissemination (NYT to GSM)
RLP-TCP Analysis Tools
Iceberg Project Posters
1730 - 1800 Walk to Mandarin Garden’s Restaurant
1800 Dinner
4
MiniRetreat Schedule
• Wednesday, August 12:
0800 - 0900
0900 - 1030
Breakfast
Ericsson Presentations
Bluetooth: Joakim Persson
Smart Phones: Bharat Madan
Core Networks:: Martin Korling
1030 - 1100
1100 - 1200
1200 - 1300
1300 - 1430
Break
ICEBERG-Ninja Integration, Eric Brewer, David Culler
Lunch
Breakout Discussion Groups
Computing platforms beyond the desktop: smart spaces
Security issues for Iceberg networks and services
1430 - 1500
1500 - 1530
1530 - 1600
1600 -
Break
Report Back from Breakout Groups
Discussion of Next Steps
Adjourn
5
ICEBERG: Internet-based core
for CEllular networks BEyond
the thiRd Generation
MSC
BSC
VLR
HLR
AUC
EIR
GSM Core
(IP-Based)
GW
Proxy
Server
Next
Generation
Internet
HA
FA
BS
GW
Corporate
Intranetwork
6
Emerging Communications
Infrastructure of the Future
• The Challenge
– Network-based applications becoming increasingly service
intensive
– Computational resources embedded in the switching fabric
– Dealing with heterogeneity, true utility functionality, security &
service discovery, in an open, extensible network environment
• Computing
– Legacy servers
– Partition functionality for “small” clients
• Communications
– High bandwidth backbones plus diverse access networks
» Third generation cellular systems
» Home networking
7
“From POTS to PANS:
Telecommunications in Transition”
“Today, the telecommunications sector is beginning to
reshape itself, from a vertically to a horizontally
structured industry. … [I]t used to be that new
capabilities were driven primarily by the carriers.
Now, they are beginning to be driven by the users. …
There’s a universe of people out there who have a
much better idea than we do of what key applications
are, so why not give those folks the opportunity to
realize them. … The smarts have to be buried in the
‘middleware’ of the network, but that is going to
change as more-capable user equipment is
distributed throughout the network. When it does, the
economics of this industry may also change.”
George Heilmeier, Chairman Emeritus, Bellcore
8
Important Trends
• Multimedia over IP networks
– Next Generation Internet with features for “soft” QoS
– RSVP, Class-based Queuing, Link Scheduling
• Voice over IP networks
– Packet Voice and Video
– RTP and ALF
• Intelligence shifts to the network edges
– Better, more agile software-based voice and video codecs
• Programmable intelligence inside the network
– Proxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructure
– TACC model & Java code: “write once, run anywhere”
• Implications for cellular network infrastructure of
the 21st century?
9
Issues
• Scalability
– Must scale to support hundreds of thousands of simultaneous
users in a region the size of the SF Bay Area
• Functionality
– Computer-phone integration
– Real-time, multipoint/multicast, location-aware services, security
– Home networking, “active” spaces, sensors/actuators
• First Principles-based Design
– Leverage evolving IP traffic models
– Provisioning the network for the extrapolated traffic and services
– ProActive Infrastructure
» Computing resources spread among switching infrastructure
» Computationally intensive services: e.g., voice-to-text
» Service and server discovery
10
BARWAN Wireless Overlays:
Ubiquitous Connectivity
Satellite
Regional Area
Low-tier
High-tier
Local Area
Wide Area
High Mobility
Low Mobility
Seamless mobility among local and wide-area
wireless networks via vertical handoff
11
$
$
$
Cache control
BARWAN Proxies: Scalable Support
for Heterogeneous Clients
To Internet
NOW Cluster
SAN (high speed)
Utility (10baseT)
Coordination bus
html
Front
End
gif
PTM
jpg
Control
Panel
$
Cache partition
...
Datatype-specific distiller
BARWAN: Support for Thin Clients
• Top Gun Wingman
– World’s only graphical browser
for PalmPilot
– Greater than 10,000 users
worldwide
• Top Gun MediaBoard
– Combines MASH tools with
proxy
– Interoperates with laptops,
workstations
Superiority of proxy-based approach to enabling
“thin” clients successfully demonstrated
13
ICEBERG Project Vision
• Third Generation Cellular Architectures:
– Will support diverse air interfaces with different coverage,
bandwidth, latency characteristics
» TDMA, CDMA, wide-area, local-area, satellite, etc.
– Segregated circuit-switching for voice and packetswitching for data (e.g., GPRS)
• We Will Go Beyond the Third Generation:
– A lower cost, more flexible core network can be built using
full packet-switching techniques
– Delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows are easier to
support at the same time in a full packet-switching
architecture
– Processing embedded in the network enables more rapid
deployment of new kinds of applications and services
14
ICEBERG Project Goals
• Exploit Expertise in IP Protocol Suite and Proxy
Architectures to
– Demonstrate ease of new service deployment
» Packet voice for computer-telephony integration
» Speech- and location-enabled applications
» Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the
four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones)
» Mobility and generalized routing redirection
– Demonstrate new system architecture to support innovative
applications
» Personal Information Management
• Universal In-box: e-mail, news, fax, voice mail
• Notification redirection: e.g., e-mail, pager
» Home networking and control of “smart” spaces,
sensor/actuator integration
• Build on experience with Colab, 306/405 Soda
15
ICEBERG Project Goals
• Understand
– Implications for cellular network design based on IP technology
» IP network provisioning for scalability
» Pragmatic QoS for delay-sensitive flows
» Multinetwork mobility and security support
– How to use the emerging Ninja/Active Services infrastructure to
» Encapsulate existing applications services like speech-to-text
» Deploy and manage such computationally intensive services
in the network
» Integrate other kinds of services, like mobility and
redirection, inside the network
16
Proactive “NINJA” Computing
Infrastructure
Server
Client
Proxy
Router
Compute
Node
• Computing resources
inside the routing topology,
not just at the leaves
• Paths chosen for location
of operators as much as for
shortest # of hops
• Mobile code that
specializes the services
provided by servers
• Mobility, management of
bottleneck links,
“integration” services,
service handoff
17
Project Areas
• Mobility Management
• Packet Scheduling in GPRS and W-CDMA
• Proxy- and Multicast-Enabled Services
18
Mobility Management
• Mobile IP-GSM Mobility Interworking
– Mobile IP-GSM authentication interworking
– Scalability of Mobile IP/hierarchical agents
• Multicast support for mobility
– Alternative approach for mobility based on M/C addresses
– Exploit multicast routing to reach mobile nodes without explicit
handoff
– Combine with real-time delivery of voice and video
• Generalized redirection agents
– Policy-based redirection: e.g., 1-800 service, email to pagers, etc.
– Redirection agents collocated with multicast tree branching
points
19
Packet Scheduling
• Validated ns modeling suite for GSM media
access, link layer, routing, and transport layers
– GSM channel error models
• QoS-aware High Speed Circuit Switched Data
(HSCSD), General Packet Radio System
(GPRS), and Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) link
scheduling
–
–
–
–
RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link scheduling
Fairness and utilization for TCP and RTP flows
Delay bound scheduling for R/T streams
Exploiting asymmetries in downstream/upstream slot
assignment, CDMA self-interference
20
New Services
• Proxies for Telephony-Computing Integration
– GSM-vat-RTP interworking: handset-computer integration
– Encapsulating complex data transformations
» Speech-to-text, text-to-speech
– Composition of services
» Voice mail-to-email, email-to-voice mail
– Location-aware information services
» E.g., traffic reports
– Multicast-enabled information services
» Multilayered multicast: increasing level of detail as
number of subscribed layers increase
21
Personal Information
Management
Speech-to-Voice Mail
Speech-to-Voice Attached-Email
Call-to-Pager/Email Notification
Email-to-Speech
All compositions
of the above!
Universal In-box
Policy-based
Location-based
Activity-based
22
Smart Spaces
• Walk into a A/V room and control everything
with your own wireless PDA
–
–
–
–
–
Services for each device
Automated discovery and use
Automated UI generation
Composite behaviors
Local scope, no authentication (yet)
• Phones as well as PalmPilots
– Speech-enabled control
23
Service Mobility as a
First-Class Object
“Randy@Berkeley”
Universal Names: Globally unique IDs
An Entity has a universal
name and a profile;
Entities are people or
processes
OfficePSTN (Teaching): 510-642-8778
OfficePSTN (Chair): 510-642-0253
DeskIP: dreadnaught.cs.berkeley.edu:555
LaptopIP: polo.cs.berkeley.edu:555
PCS: 510-388-8778
Cellular: 510-409-6040
E-mail: [email protected]
Home: 415-555-1212
Profile: set of
domain-specific names
24
Potentially Any Network Service (PANS)
Same service in different networks
Service handoff between networks
2-way Paging
GSM
PSTN
IAP
IAP
IAP
E.g., “follow me” service
e.g., any-to-any service
IP
IAP
WIP
IAP
Iceberg Access Points
(Beyond H.323 gateways)
• Provide policy engine
• Handle routing, security
25
Project Strategy
GSM Infrastructure Elements
-- Data over PBMS GSM Network
-- GSM Base Station
-- Integration with IP-infrastructure
Analyze
Existing Systems
Prototype Elements
Design
-- Handset/computer integration
-- Java-enabled components
-- ProActive infrastructure
Next
Generation
ns & BONES Simulations
-- Ericsson channel error models
-- GSM-based infrastructure
-- GSM media access & link layer
Implement
New System
26
Project Schedule
• Year 1: 1998
– ns & BONES modeling, validation
– GSM BTS-IP integration
– Initial design of mobility interworking and intelligent
networking services
• Year 2: 1999
– GSM-Wireless LAN integration
– Design of information-push applications
– Implement mobility interworking
• Year 3: 2000
– Extend testbed with W-CDMA and GPRS
– Roaming, scheduling, new applications demonstrations
– Fine-tuning and documentation
27
NINJA: A Service
Architecture for
Internet-Scale Systems
Eric Brewer, David Culler, Anthony
Joseph, Randy Katz
Ninjutsu is a stealth and
espionage-oriented art which saw
its greatest development in the
13th to early 17th centuries in
Japan. Its practitioners, the ninja,
were warrior-assassin-spies; most
belonged to the Iga and Koga
mountain clans. They were the
supreme reconnaissance experts
and saboteurs of their day.
28
Internet-Scale Systems
• Extremely large, complex, distributed,
heterogeneous, with continuous and rapid
introduction of new technologies
• Feasible architectures
– Decentralized, scalable algorithms
– Dynamically deployed agents where they are needed;
“Big infrastructure, small clients”
– Incremental processing/communications growth
– Careful violation of traditional layering
• Implementation approach based on incremental
prototyping, deployment, evaluation,
experimentation
29
NINJA Builds on Berkeley’s Systems
Building Expertise
BARWAN
Wireless Overlay Networks
Scalable Proxies
vic, vat,
wb
TranSend
TACC Model
Wireless Access
NINJA
Scalable, Secure Services
Computation in the Network
“Smart Spaces” as an app
Event-Response
Programmable Access
RTPGateway
Service Discovery
MASH
Collaboration Applications
Active Services
MASH Toolkit
Active Services
Model
NOW/Millennium
Computing Platform
30
NINJA: A Service Architecture
that Provides ...
• Tinkertoy wide-area components
• Automatic discovery, composition, and use
• Powerful operators: clusters, databases, and
agents
• Viable component economics: subscription, pay
per use
• Supports great devices, sensors, actuators
• Connects everything: ubiquitous support for
access and mobility
31
NINJA Infrastructure
• Focus on component services
Vertically “integrated” services
Component Services
E.g., dynamic composition, rapid deployment, reuse, data only, UI defined dynamically based on
device/connection, competition at every level …
Units (end devices), Active Routers (soft-state), Bases (persistent state)
Operators, typed connectors, and paths
32
NINJA Computing Platform
Units
Active
routers
• Information
Devices
(~10
Billion)
• Connected
Stationary
Computers
(~100 Million)
Bases
• Scalable
Servers
(~Million)
“Small Devices, Big Infrastructure”
33
NINJA Service Architecture:
Basic Elements of the Model
Units:
–
–
–
–
sensors/actuators
PDAs/SmartPhones
Laptops, PCs, NCs
heterogeneous
Active Routers:
–
–
–
–
soft-state
basestations
localization
local mobility support
Bases:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
highly available
persistent state
databases
computing
agents
“home” base per user
“global” mobility support
34
NINJA Service Architecture
• Operators/Connectors/Interfaces
• Paths
– Wide-Area Paths
– Interface Interconnection
– Path Optimization
• Services
– Service Discovery
– Automatic Path Generation
• Example Applications
– Universal remote control/smart spaces
– Universal In-Box/Personal Information Management
35
Emerging Distributed System
Architecture Spanning
Processing and Access
Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces”
Distributed Videoconferencing
Room-scale Collaboration
Speech and Location
Aware Applications
ICEBERG
Computer-Telephony Services
MASH Media Processing Services
Active Services Architecture
TranSend Extensible
Proxy Services
Distributed Computing Services: NINJA
Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW
36
Experimental Testbed
Fax
IBM
WorkPad
Image/OCR
Text
Speech
MC-16
Ericsson
CF788
306 Soda
Motorola
Pagewriter 2000
WLAN
405 Soda
326 Soda “Colab”
Pager
GSM BTS
Network
Infrastructure
Millennium Cluster
Smart Spaces
Personal Information Management
Millennium Cluster
37
Internet-Scale Systems Research Group
Lead the evolution of the Internet through long-term
research combined with the deployment of novel realworld large-scale systems and protocols
– Unify on-going and future research projects in distributed
computing, network protocols, services, access, new applications
– Facilitate technology transfer and standardization
– Work closely with industrial partners in an open laboratory
environment
We consider Ericsson
to be a charter member
38
Industrial Sponsors:
Committed and Potential
• Ericsson
•
•
•
•
IBM
Lucent
Motorola
Sun Microsystems
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ATT
France Telecomm
Intel
Microsoft
NTT
PBMS
Sprint
Xerox
3COM
39
NINJA and ICEBERG
• NINJA: Distributed Service Architecture
– Service model based on Operators, Paths, Services
– Platform model based on Units, Active Routers, Bases
• ICEBERG: Computer-Telephony Integration
– IP-based backbone for cellular networks
» Mobility and service interoperability in the context of
diverse access networks
» Performance issues: GPRS scheduling and IP scaling
for mobile telephony applications
» New services: Smart Spaces and PIM
• Internet Systems Research Group
– Enhanced collaborations between Ericsson and UC
Berkeley
40