Transcript SLIC - TMCnet

Developing VoIP Devices
VoIP Developers Conference - Aug 4, 2004
VoIP Dev Conf
2004-08-04
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Sina Jafroodi
VoIP CPE Applications Specialist
Infineon Technologies
[email protected]
Never stop thinking.
Agenda
 A view of the “Technology Lifestyle of the 21st Century”
– Network migration to ethernet
– VoIP topologies & Practical Examples
 Some Basic Design Considerations
– Scalability of VoIP solutions
– Software Features
– Development Considerations
 Designing & Verifying Quality in VoIP Systems
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Enabling the Technology Lifestyle of the 21st Century:
Access Solutions for Future Family Communications Portal
Home Office:
"Mother is doing home-banking"
Entertainment:
"Family watches Videos"
One Box Handles Everything!
Internet
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Residential
Gateway
Kids:
"Fun and Homework"
Communication Processor
Broadband DSL
Switching
Voice Processing
WLAN
Security
....
End-to-End Multi Service ADSL Solution
Central Office
DSLAM
Internet
Voice
Gateway
Copper
Integrated POTS
and data
platform (IPVD)
Multi-service
Home Gateway
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End-to-End Ethernet over VDSL+ IP Telephony Solution
FO feed
Multi-service
Home Gateway
FTTB
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EoVDSL Switch
Next Generation Networks:
‘’… IP - The ultimate protocol’’
Media Gateway Controller
- Soft switch -
Signaling Gateway
SS7
Network
IP
Media Gateway
Network
PSTN
Infrastructure GW
Network
Access
Concentrator
Subscriber Side GW
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POTS/ISDN
IP Phone
DSL
IAD
How the Ethernet Migration Will Take Place:
‘’… IP will enter the DSLAM’’
 Initiatives from carriers with less legacy equipment, ILECs
investing in upgrades, deployments in new operating regions,
CLEC in foreign countries, SoftSwitch capability
 Adoption of Protocols that enable more reliable delivery of
services (MPLS, Diff Serv and IP v6, IPSec etc.)
 Legacy ATM networks will remain at the core
 Schedule - Next 1 to 3 years
Ethernet
DSLAM
over xDSL
CPE driven
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Ethernet
over SDH
IP functionality
required!!
Ethernet
Network
Core driven
So What It’s All About?
‘’… Broadband@Home’’
In what room do
you want me to put
it?
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VoIP Transitions from Core to Edge
 VoIP was initially deployed in gateways in network core
– Large DSP farms
– Transparent to user, e.g. Class 4 Tandem GW
 SOC integration has brought VoIP to the edge & “In The Door”
– VoIP in the network edge

Next-generation DLC

VoIP-enabled DSLAM
– VoIP in the user’s premises

SoC (system-on-chip) designs

Enterprise, ROBO, SOHO, residential
– Desktop
– PocketPCs & PDAs
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– 802.11 wireless devices
– Softphones
Circuit Switched Networks
analog
TDM
Linecards
TDM Switch
Analog
Modem
TDM
analog
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Linecards
Packet Switched Networks
IP phone
packets
IAD / DSL modem
DSLAM / MSAP
packets
ATA, IAD,
Home Gateway
Packet
Network
DSLAM / MSAP
DLC/MSAP
analog
TDM
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CO
Class 4 Tandem
Gateway/Softswitch
ATA & Cordless IP Phones
Ethernet
Analog Phone
Analog Telephone Adapter
(ATA)
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Cordless
IP Telephone
ADSL: Integrated Voice & Data (IVD)
Line Termination at CO/DLC
Geminax-S MAX
(1-ch BB-SLIC)
VINETIC - VIP / M / C / S
(4-ch)
Voice
TDM
CODEC
CODEC
SLIC
CODEC
DSP
Packets
VINETIC
• POTS Termination
• BORSCHT Functions
• GR-303
• Voice Codecs
• Packet Processing
(RTP/RTCP)
CODEC
One Chipset for ...
• Voice only
IVD Control BUS
• Data only
DATA
GEMINAX-L2
MAX
(2-ch)
LD
GEMINAX-A0
MAX
(4/8-ch)
• Integrated Voice & Data
GEMINAX
D/A
DSP
A/D
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GEMINAX-D
MAX
(8-ch)
• Line Termination
• ADSL
• ADSL2/2+
Few Considerations
Per Line Provisioning Capability
– Voice, Data, Voice and Data
– Single solution to address POTS, VoIP, Data Requirements
 Scalability of Solution
– “Design Reuse” based on uniform Architecture
 Clean Functional Delineation
– Voice on the “DSP”
– Data Plane on “Host Controller”
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 Signalling & Voice Transmission Standards
– Legacy, VoIP
Scalability Problem : Home VoIP Gateway with 2 ports
Ethernet / USB
Communications
Processor
SLIC
Codec
SLIC
DSP
Uplink
Chipset
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xDSL, E1/T1
Cable, Wireless
Scalability Problem : SOHO VoIP Gateway with 8 ports
Ethernet / USB
SLIC
Communications
Processor
SLIC
Codec
SLIC
DSP
SLIC
SLIC
SLIC
Codec
SLIC
DSP
Uplink
Chipset
SLIC
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Problem : 2 different DSP’s !!
xDSL, E1/T1
Cable, Wireless
Solution for Scalability : 4 - N ports
Ethernet / USB
SLIC
SLIC
SLIC
Codec
Communications
Processor
DSP
SLIC
SLIC
SLIC
SLIC
SLIC
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Codec
DSP
Uplink
Chipset
xDSL, E1/T1
Cable, Wireless
VoIP Call Flow Via VINETIC
T on e
DT M F
Gen.
CallerID
to D /A
+
Jitte r
B uffer
RTP
UDP
IP
RTP
UDP
IP
Ev ent s
8k H z s am ples
Decomp ression
G.7xx
IP
P layout-Unit
BFM
CNG
E cho
Cancellation
f rom A /D
8k H z s am ples
T on e
DT M F
Dete ct
IP
Ev ent s
 RTP/RTCP Packet processing
 Jitter Buffer Management and
 Line-side Play out
P acketization
RT P
VAD
 Voice Processing
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Com pression
G.7xx
 Host Controller completes the
RTP/RTCP packet Transmission
 Connection Management
 Signaling and Network connection
protocols (SIP/MGCP/TCP/UDP/IP)
Fax over Packet (a.k.a. "Fax Relay", T.38)
:
:
Vinetic
-4VIP
Fax data pump
• V.21, V.27ter, V.29, V.17, V.33
• CED detection/generation
• CNG detection/generation
Packet
Network
Host
Controller
Fax relay
• Session Control Procedures
• Real Time Fax Relay (T.38)
Infineon provides a complete system solution :
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• Complete firmware for VINETIC (fax data pump)
• Complete software source code for Controller (fax relay) with
API to interface to the Data Pump
No development effort for Infineon‘s customer
Designing & Verifying Quality in VoIP Systems
 VoIP enables
– Host of new services
– Tremendous deployment and operational cost efficiencies
… but
 Customer expectations are based on
– Extensive set of specifications (e.g. Telcordia, ITU, etc.)
– Century-old legacy of carrier class service
– Carrier class service in enterprise applications (PBX)
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 This section identifies specific tests, and associated
procedures and results, that can be used to validate an
implementation and ensure that design expectations have
been met.
Specification Summary
Subsystem
Implementation
Specification(s)
Test Specification(s)
Echo
Cancellation
G.168-2002
G.168-2002
Vocoder
G.7xx, iLBC-nb -wb,
Per ITU-T and Relevant
Standards
Tone Detection
EIA-464, Q.23
Latency, Jitter
Per system budget
Design Specific
ATMF-0045
DSL Forum TR-049
IETF RFC 2543, 1889
Interoperability
Varies Per Vendor
P.862 (PESQ)
Packetization
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EIA-464, Q.24
Voice Quality
Telcordia TR-TSY-000763
Test Set-up & Considerations
 Tests are per G.168-2002
– Some tests require explicit control of EC sub-functions

E.g., NLP or VAD/CNG Inhibit
 Packet-specific considerations:
– Latency & vocoder impacts if included in EC tail
 Extensive test & analysis gear is required
– Leverage Manufacturer’s Cest Capabilities & Compliance
Report
– Verify selected characteristics at system level
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
tail length

disable function
Conformance Criteria
Subsystem
Echo Canceller
Specification
ITU-T G.168-2002
Standalone: EC algorithm is fully tested and characterized in
Infineon’s lab.
Test
Conditions
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In System: Necessary EC controls and interfaces must be
provided to permit testing per G.168. No compression,
transcoding, packet loss, or other impairments between EC
and echo source.
Pass Criteria
Per G.168-2002 Section 6.4.2
Notes
Complete test report available from Infineon upon request.
Test Set-up & Considerations
 Use Standard Voice Quality Tests to verify Performance
– PESQ (ITU P.862) used to evaluate performance w/ packet
loss and other network impairments
 Test Set-up:
– Test a single Encoder/Decoder pair (one-way)
– Ignore latency
– Ensure no packet loss
– Commercial MOS test system
 Ideally, one should test
– End-to-end hardware interoperating CO/Home GW
– In loopback configuration (same firmware at both ends)
– Results should be identical
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– Proves interoperability
Conformance Criteria
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Subsystem
Vocoder
Specification
Algorithms: ITU-T G.711, G.723.1, G.726, G.729A
Voice Quality Test: ITU-T P.862
Artificial Voice: Per ITU-T P.800
Test
Conditions
Single encoder/decoder pair
No packet loss
No transcoding (other than to/from G.711)
Zero gain/loss
Standard speed
Constant bit rate (no silence suppression)
Pass Criteria
G.711: PSQM < 0.6
G.723.1: PSQM < 1.8
G.726: PSQM < 1.6 (32Kbps)
G.728: PSQM < 1.6
G.729A: PSQM < 1.6
Notes
Use PESQ and not PSQM
Conformance Criteria
Subsystem
Tone Detection
Specification
EIA 464, ITU Q.23
Test
Conditions
Tone detector directly interfaced to audio source (without
intervening compression, packet loss, or other impairments)
Detection: Per EIA 464 Section 7.1.5, ITU Q.24
Pass Criteria
Notes
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Talk-off: No more than 100 detections in Telcordia Standard
Speech Tape TR-TSY-000763
Must Meet all Country Specific Variations
Test Set-up & Considerations
 Measure end-to-end round-trip
– Use “initiator” to run test with “responder” that echoes
signal
 Difficult to isolate individual delay elements
– Provide internal instrumentation where feasible
– Construct loop-backs to eliminate selected network
elements
– Measure incremental changes associated with:

Invocation of alternative vocoders

Changes in jitter buffer size, packet interval, line speed
 Design criteria is met when:
– End-to-end delay meets specification
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– Individual budget elements have been verified
Conformance Criteria
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Subsystem
End-to-end System Delay
Specification
Per System Latency Budget
Test Conditions
Contributions of individual elements calculated using loopback and other
instrumentation techniques.
Pass Criteria
(individual
elements)
Infineon Echo Canceller:
Forward direction: < 500 microseconds
Reverse direction: < 500 microseconds
Infineon Encoders:
G.711: < 250 microseconds
G.723.1: < 40 milliseconds (30ms frame size)
G.726: < 500 microseconds
G.728: < 2 milliseconds
G.729A: < 16 milliseconds (10ms frame size)
Infineon Decoders:
G.711: < 250 microseconds
G.723.1: < 1 millisecond
G.726: < 500 microseconds
G.728: < 1 millisecond
G.729A: < 1 millisecond
Test Set-up & Considerations
 Conformance to applicable specification, e.g.:
– ATMF-0045
– IETF SIP, RTP/RTCP, etc.
 Proving Conformance
– No definitive test specifications exist
– Snoop traffic and confirm via inspection
– Perform interoperability tests w/ “known-good” systems
 Endurance / Load testing
– Scaling issues primarily rest w/ system designer
– Some tools available
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Conformance Criteria
Subsystem
ATM AAL-2 Packetization
VoIP Packetization
Specification
ATM Forum VMOA-0145
DSL Forum Technical Report TR-049
IETF RFC’s 2543,
1889, 2833
Test
Conditions
CP-IWF (IAD) interoperating with
CO-IWF (Gateway) using Channel
Associated Signaling to deliver analog
loop-start Plain Old Telephone Service
(POTS).
SIP/RTP Endpoint
interoperating with
VoIP gateway and SIP
server (specifications
TBD).
Pass Criteria
Per DSL Forum TR-049
Notes
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Test Set-up & Considerations
 Use PESQ (ITU P.862) to measure speech quality
 Ensure network is:
– Properly configured
– Equipped with mechanism(s) to force selective packet loss
– Instrumented to measure loss
 Control other attributes:
– Encoding algorithm
– Delay and jitter
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Conformance Criteria
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Subsystem
Packet Loss Tolerance
Specification
ITU-T G.728, G.729
ITU-T P.862
Test
Conditions
Random packet loss not to exceed 10% (1 packet in 10)
End-to-end packet network delay of 50 milliseconds or less
Adequate jitter buffer (no overflow or underflow)
Packet size of 20ms or less
Pass Criteria
Voice quality per P.862:
G.711: XX
G.723.1 :XX
G.726: XX
G.728: XX
G.729A: XX
Additionally:
For G.728: Conformance to Annex I per Appendix I
Notes
Summary
 Voice-over-Packet technology introduces new
considerations into voice system testing
 Each identified area should be assessed
 Requirements should be carefully identified and
documented
 Conformance criteria & test methodologies have been
established
 System-level parameters must be managed and
monitored
 Infineon technology will provide the best possible
foundation for meeting customer expectations
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We create
Semiconductor Solutions,
enabling the Technology
Lifestyle of the Individual
in the 21st Century.
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