Transcript Internet Introduction - FTP Directory Listing

Internet Introduction
• Key Definitions:
– Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected
networks, connecting private, public and university networks in
one cohesive unit.
– Intranet: An intranet is a private enterprise network that uses
internet and web technologies for information gathering and
distribution within an organization.
– Extranet: An extranet is a community of interest created by
extending an intranet to selected entities external to an
organization.
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Global Internet Network Hierarchy
• The Internet:
– Exists due to the interconnection of private, public and university
networks.
• Networks connect to each other at various public or private
connection points, called peering points.
• Public peering points are called Network Access Points (NAPs)
• Private peering points follow Acceptable Use Practices (AUP)
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Internet Services Providers
• Classified into three tiers, based on size and capacity:
– Tier 1: Big, national backbones of multiple OC-12 - 48; UUNet, Sprint.
– Tier 2: Large, metropolitan backbones.
– Tier 3: Local ISPs.
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The Internet v. Internet-Related Technology
• Internet: relates to the global network
• Internet Technologies:
– Collection of internet protocols and applications
– Based upon Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) for
network transport
– Based upon many protocols for applications:
• Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) and Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)
for e-mail
• Telnet for remote logon
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for exchanging data files.
– Web Technology- refers to the use of:
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for transport of web data
• Hypertext Markup Language/Extended Markup Language (HTML/XML) for
data presentation.
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Intranet
• Intranet reaching the “Main Stream Market”
– Provides easy access to internal data by publishing the information
on departmental intranets.
– Sets up employee self-service web sites for human resources,
payroll, sales, marketing and training.
– More complex applications on the horizon:
• Collaborative workflow managers, including scheduling, messaging,
and discussion groups
• Inventory and logistic management systems
• Consumer help desk and knowledge management systems.
• What is the “7% Principle?”
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The Intranet
• Prerequisites for the Successful Deployment of the
Intranet:
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Unified intranet strategy and architecture
Secure and ubiquitous intra-enterprise connectivity
Integration with legacy networks and applications
Use of standards-based technology for network, security, and webauthoring.
– Common user interface based on a universal web client
– Implementation of enterprise-side policies on network access,
security, content authoring, and management
– Management and user buy-in.
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Intranet Components
• The Wide Area Network (WAN) Component contains:
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The physical connection to the internet
The physical connection to a frame relay cloud (see fig. 1.5)
The WAN router and network addressing schemes
The configuration of frame relay Permanent Virtual Circuit on a WAN
router
– The configuration of Internet-based Virtual Private Network on a WAN
router or WAN firewall
– The WAN network routing protocol like Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
for external connection and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) for internal
connection
– Any questions on these connection concepts?
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Intranet Components
• The Local Area Network (LAN) Component consists of:
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The LAN Technology (e.g., Ethernet)
The LAN Topology (e.g., star, bus)
The LAN router and network addressing scheme
The LAN network routing protocol
The LAN firewall and load-sharing components
Any questions regarding these terms and concepts?
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Intranet Components
• The Server and Application Software Component:
– The intranet application servers and associated client servers
– The gateway server for protocol translation
– The high-resiliency design of the server component for high
availability
– The backup server and associated backup hardware like the tape
juke-box.
– ?
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Intranet Components
• The Security Component:
– Air gap and firewall security techniques:
• Air gap- security by isolation; internal network is not connected to
the external network
• Firewall: Filter that screens and accepts or rejects connection requests
– The corporate security framework and the security policies for
internal and external connectivity
– The LAN and WAN firewalls and VPN setup
– The secure configuration of the intranet application and the server
operating system
– The encryption, authentication and data integrity check
methodologies.
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Intranet Components
• The Intranet Service Management Component:
– The management of intracompany Service Level Agreements
(SLAs)
– The management of SLAs with external service providers like
Internet Services Providers (ISPs) and frame relay service
providers.
– The internal network management and reporting systems
– The internal help desk and trouble ticketing system
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Extranet
• Extranet: Community of Interest created by extending the
extranet to selected entities external to an organization
– Deployed as private networks to develop business-to-business
relationships between vendors, partners, and customers.
– Extranet applications:
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Online ordering
*News and content
Marketing and product information * Legacy database access
Inventory management
* ERP; supply chain managemt.
Collaborative research and development * Collaborative scheduling
Training, policy and standards
* Customer service/self service
E-mail and chat
*Bulletin boards and groups
Billing and account history
*On-line financial transactions
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Extranet Advantages
• Advantages
– Collaborative research and development (R&D) fosters better ties
between partners and shorter time-to-market, thus reducing the
product life cycle and increasing product competitiveness
– ERP and supply chain management streamline business processes
– Better customer support increases customer loyalty and weans
customers from live representatives to cheaper “self-help.”
– Collaborative extranets foster team spirit among partners and
customers, reduce cost of production, travel costs, and customer
service, and improve the speed of communications speed.
– Customer/partner access to backend data improves efficiency
– Brings access to new markets through IP-based EDI participation
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Extranet Development Considerations
• Keep in mind, when developing extranets:
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Security exposure to internal and partner networks and systems
Ease of use
Interoperable technology
Ability to leverage legacy applications
High availability (as the extranet applications become mission critical, it is
important to maintain the constant availability of these applications).
– Network and extranet application performance as it scales upward
– Set correct expectations of network performance
– Legal considerations of connecting multiple systems and the potential
impact on the current operation due to new setup.
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Extranet Security
• When two or more entities collaborate on the intranet:
– Security has to cover all paths between parties (pp. 20-22)
– Access to the extranet application server can be restricted to the
partners and suppliers by (two possible examples):
• Using access control lists (ACLs) on the router, which is a part of the
directory application.
• Using an authenticated application proxy via the firewall server
shown in figure 1.1. In this scenario, the application server would be
connected to one of the interfaces on the firewall server, instead of an
interface on the router.
– The choice of the solution depends on the desired level of access
control and audit tracking capability.
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Extranet Examples
• Extranet Communities of Interests (COIs):
– Vendors
– Partners
– Company
• Customers drive relationships that the company establishes with
vendors and partners
• Customer service/product quality first; cost-cutting second.
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Extranet Examples
• Supply Chain Process (SCP)
– Since the SCP is almost completely automated. . .
• Several departments get automatic notifications as a user request is
processed through the chain
• For example, when the item is shipped from the supplier the
production manager is notified of the arriving items, while the
purchasing manager gets the shipping details and the invoice.
• When the item is received, the inventory is updated automatically.
– SCP allows manufacturers to control inventory costs, while the
procurement guys tighten forecasting and ordering
– SCP equally applicable to small or big purchases.
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Extranet Examples
• Extranet Success Stories:
– McDonnell Douglas’s inventory management extranet provides
access to 500 suppliers and tracks 80,000 parts and assemblies.
– Shell’s extranet manages inventories for its customers
– Cisco Systems allows customers to track and order equipment online based on a pre-negotiated relationship
– DaimlerChrysler in Japan allow its dealers to process orders over
the extranet (very little traffic on this extranet)
– Courtyard Marriott provides marketing reports and operating
manuals to all of its operators in the U.S.
– Pharmaceutical manufacturers allow hospitals, retail stores, and
clinics access to order processing and inventory tracking systems.
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