Transcript Ways of the World - Cathedral Catholic

CHAPTER 10
The Worlds of European Christendom:
Connected and Divided
500–1300
AP World
Mr. Owen
Fall 2012
Eastern Christendom:
Building on the Roman Past
• Intro
– 330 CE = Constantine
– 5th Century = West Falls
– Byzantine advantages
• The Byzantine State
– Political
• Persian style Court
• Ultimate goal = taxes / maintain order
– 1083 Territory started to shrink
– 1453 Constantinople conquered
Eastern Christendom:
Building on the Roman Past
• The Byzantine Church and Christian
Divergence
– Church was closely tied to the state:
“caesaropapism”
– Orthodox Christianity deeply influenced all
of Byzantine life
– Eastern Orthodoxy increasingly defined
itself in opposition to Latin Christianity
Eastern Christendom:
Building on the Roman Past
• Byzantium and the World
– Byzantium had a foot in both Europe and
Asia , interacted intensively with neighbors
– continuation of long Roman fight with
Persian Empire
– Byzantium was a central player in longdistance Eurasian trade
– Important cultural influence of Byzantium
Eastern Christendom:
Building on the Roman Past
• The Conversion of Russia
– Prince Vladimir of Kiev
– Orthodoxy transformed state of Rus
• became central to Russian identity
– Moscow finally declared itself to be the
“third Rome”
Western Christendom: Rebuilding
in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Intro
– Western Europe was on the margins of
world history for most of the postclassical
millennium.
Western Christendom: Rebuilding
in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Political Life in Western Europe, 500–
1000
– Traditional date for fall of western Roman
Empire is 476 C.E.
– Results of Roman Collapse
– Survival of much of classical and Roman
heritage
– Several Germanic kingdoms tried to
recreate Roman-style unity
Western Christendom: Rebuilding
in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Society and the Church, 500–1000
– within these new kingdoms:
– social hierarchies
– Catholic Church was a major element of
stability
– Church and ruling class usually reinforced
each other
Western Christendom: Rebuilding in
the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Accelerating Change in the West,
1000–1300
– a series of invasions in 700–1000 hindered
European development
– weather improved with warming trend that
started after 750
– High Middle Ages: time of clear growth and
expansion
Western Christendom: Rebuilding
in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Accelerating Change in the West,
1000–1300 (Continued)
– growth of long-distance trade, from two
major centers
– European town and city populations rose
– New opportunities for women
– Growth of territorial states with betterorganized governments
Western Christendom: Rebuilding
in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Europe Outward Bound: The Crusading Tradition
– Medieval expansion of Christendom after 1000
– Crusade movement began in 1095
– Most famous Crusades aimed to regain Jerusalem and holy
places
– Other Crusades
• Iberian Peninsula Crusade
• Baltic Crusade
– Crusades had little lasting political or religious impact in the
Middle East
– Crusades had a significant impact on Europe
The West in Comparative Perspective
• Catching Up
• Pluralism in Politics
• Reason and Faith