Transcript TCP/IP Support Protocols

TCP/IP Support Protocols
ICMP
ARP
Can’t deliver IP packet to ethernet NIC
without the ethernet address
Runs over datalink
RARP
Diskless workstations have no way to know own IP address
IP addresses are set by software configuration (SA)
Ethernet port is on card itself.. can’t be changed
SNMP
Each device on the net serves information on status
Client workstation collects and analyzes net.
NTP
Network Time Protocol
Clock synchronization across all network computers
make() utility must have consistent times when directories
are cross-mounted.
Management of the system demands seeing when activities occur
SMTP
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• Used as the protocol between mail servers
• Not between mail clients (such as pine and
eudora) and the mail server
– pop3
– imap
• more later!
Routing protocols
• Interior Gateway Protocols
– managed in an area such as CNU
– varies in managed areas
• Exterior Gateway Protocols
– connections between IGPs and the internet core
• Border Gateway Protocols
– between two IGP areas directly connected
IGP
• RIP
– old, standard method
– only evaluates hops
• OSPF
– has more elaborate criteria for evaluating routes
• Both are protocols that dynamically update
routing tables as conditions change
– links are dropped
– routers go down
• Need redundancy to make them effective