Transcript 3rd Edition: Chapter 4

Final Review
FocusChapter 4: Network layer
Chapter 5: Data link layer
Notes: Physical layer
Understand previous chapters covered in class.
Final exam is on Monday 5/9 8:00-10:00am in our
classroom. You are allowed to bring a calculator (only
for calculation) and a single-sided formula sheet
Chapter 4: Network Layer
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Addressing: differences between IPv4 and IPv6
addressing, why these differences
Network layer protocols: ICMP, DHCP, NAT, what they
are and what they do
Routing algorithms and protocols: their relationship,
comparative study of link state and distance vector
algorithms, detailed operation of Dijkstra algorithm
and Bellman-Ford algorithm, count-to-infinity problem
and solution. RIP, OSPF, and BGP, what algorithm they
use and how they operate, how intra-AS and inter-AS
routing protocols interoperate in a given network (e.g.,
where they run and how they configure the forwarding
table)
Chapter 5: Data Link Layer
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Basic concepts: what services data link layer provides, compare
data link layer and transport layer services, understand the
difference of these services and the necessity of each layer
Error detection (with limited correction capability): parity
check, Internet checksum, CRC, how to calculate them and how
limited error correction can be provided
Multiple access protocols: whether a given multiple access
protocol is broadcast or point-to-point, pros and cons of three
classes of MAC protocols, name the protocols in each class,
focus on random access protocols, understand ALOHA, slotted
ALOHA, and CSMA/CD (operations, pros and cons, efficiency,
suitable applications), how is carrier sensing and collision
detection performed in Ethernet, what kind of communication
links CSMA/CD best suits, the services and line coding scheme
of Ethernet
Chapter 5: Data Link Layer (Cont’d)
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MAC address and ARP: compare MAC address and IP address,
their uses in forwarding packets on the same LAN and between
LANs, when ARP is needed and its detailed operation
Switch and VLAN: difference between hub and switch, how is
the switch table configured, how switches do filtering and
forwarding, where to connect a switch in a network and how to
choose between switch and router in connecting a network,
concept of VLAN, how to create port-based VLANs on a
switch, how to forward packets between VLANs
PPP: services PPP provides, why byte stuffing is needed and
how it is done
ARQ: think about the difference between link layer and
transport layer implementations of ARQ, which implementation
is more difficult? Calculate the channel efficiency of the three
ARQ protocols, for both error-free and error-prone channels
Physical Layer
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Basic concepts: physical layer services, what source coding,
channel coding and modulation do, physical components,
information carriers of a signal, definition of spectrum and
bandwidth, channel impairments, factors affecting data rate
Channel capacity: definition, understand Nyquist sampling rate
(lower bound) and Nyquist capacity (upper bound), calculate
Shannon capacity (the theoretical upper bound of the channel
capacity of noisy channels), understand the factors limiting the
channel capacity (B, SNR)
Line coding and modulation: detailed operation of each line
coding scheme, understand different digital modulation
schemes and their impacts on data rate
Others: know the steps in digitally transmitting an analog
signal, know the concept and advantages of spread spectrum,
know the different transmission media (wired and wireless)
and their frequency bands