Transcript VERNON

Projected impact of rate based
billing on Wide Area Network
use at Cornell
[email protected]
Background
• Expediential Growth
• Predictions of $50 Million/Y Wide Area
Network Bills within 10 Years
• Poor Network Service
• Current Demand Driven by P2P
• History of Charging for Network Services
Top 5 Protocol Usage of Commodity Internet by Cornell for Fiscal Year 2002
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
GNUTELLA OUT
S1
GNUTELLA IN
FTP OUT
FTP IN
NNTP OUT
NNTP IN
HTTP OUT
HTTP IN
KAZAA OUT
0
KAZAA IN
Gigabytes
Actions To Date
• Long Term - Working on Lowering
“upstate” WAN Costs
• “Forced” to Install Packeteer
– Cost ~ $30¸000
• Resolved Short Term Problem
• However Not Cornell’s Strategic Direction
Bill by the Drink
• Will Address
– Over Consumption of a “Free Good”
– Concern About Content Control
• Violation of Cornell Policy
– Scalable Funding
– Fair Cost Allocation
– Improved Service
Network Fee Areas
• 3 Cost Areas
– Edge
– Backbone
– WAN
WAN Billing Detail
• Base Fee of $4 / Month for up to 2 GB
~90% of users fall under this threshold
• $.003 per each MB over 2 GB Base
• All Accounts Will be Billed
–
–
–
–
Students
Faculty
Staff
Both I2 and Commodity
Sample Bill
Administrative & Faculty
Feedback
• The "Top 300" administrative and academic
users transferred 61% of academic and
administrative data volume.
• Asked how their behavior would change
under new billing model …
Approx. Cost @
$.005/MB
Comments
$6,684
Tech Support person found worm/virus on computer--cleaned in May '02--no substancial traffic over network since then.
$5,112
$3,628
$3,596
$3,020
$2,933
$2,603
$2,322
$2,152
$1,395
$1,264
$1,235
$1,054
$1,034
$749
Red Hat linux mirror -- will not let people outside Cornell download linux updates from their server. (98% of volume was
outbound)
CU Hockey personal Web site maintained on Vet server -- will be relocated off CU WAN
Being used as ftp server (non-university use) will not continue under new billing model (IP changed to .230 in Sept. =
$7000 (1.7% of total university))
Prof's computer infected w/ "backdoor trojan" worm/virus--subsequently cleaned
non-university volume/will go away
Bill Noon -- It's a charge we can't cover with our budget. Will have to cut our services enormously. Many functions may
need to be transferred to other universities in the network.
"different habits will be practiced that will greatly reduce the volume"
Can't tell -- IP's not linked to individual users
Can't tell -- IP's not linked to individual users
machine is hosting a web site which became available on April 15 and provides a means for students and alumni to
order their transcripts on-line. The service has been very well received and the requests have been growing--which will
probably translate int
computer was hacked into -- problem has been subsequently fixed
Being used as ftp server (non-university use) will not continue under new billing model
Looking at alternatives including a campus waiver, turning off the camera at night, or converting from continuous video to
periodicly updated shots.
Athletic Web site now hosted off-site. However, recent large charges (~$3,000) were showing up on another athletics
IP, but when notified, they found out it had been hacked into -- they are putting up a fire wall.
$636
$465
$431
$422
$340
$263
$257
$240
$214
$206
$194
I do expect that our net usage will be at least the same with each new year. We offer a non-commercial legal website the most heavily used in the world. We also offer information and discussions related to course work. The four
addresses that you me
"different habits will be practiced that will greatly reduce the volume"
I am still looking into this. All of the numbers seem extremely high - one is even a staff computer who does not really
ever use the Internet. Most of the rest are in student labs or grad offices. I would hope they would all drop
dramatically.
inappropriate file sharing use (downloads most probably). I do not think that this has continued
I do expect that our net usage will be at least the same with each new year. We offer a non-commercial legal website the most heavily used in the world. We also offer information and discussions related to course work. The four
addresses that you me
Can't tell -- use a NAT hublet
I am still looking into this. All of the numbers seem extremely high - one is even a staff computer who does not really
ever use the Internet. Most of the rest are in student labs or grad offices. I would hope they would all drop
dramatically.
I do expect that our net usage will be at least the same with each new year. We offer a non-commercial legal website the most heavily used in the world. We also offer information and discussions related to course work. The four
addresses that you me
inappropriate file sharing use (downloads most probably). I do not think that this has continued
non-Cornell site -- will go away
I am still looking into this. All of the numbers seem extremely high - one is even a staff computer who does not really
ever use the Internet. Most of the rest are in student labs or grad offices. I would hope they would all drop
dramatically.
Student Use and Feedback
• Student consumption represents 70% of total
WAN usage.
• 35% of students consume 95% of total student
WAN use
• Office of Communication and Marketing Services
– Focus Groups
• Pizza
• $25
Student Feedback
• There is virtually unanimous agreement that
ResNet subscribers will change their habits under
the new billing model
• Students anticipate that as they reach the level of
WAN use that begins incurring a marginal cost,
they will not be willing to pay for additional
access. Their attitude seems to parallel anecdotal
evidence of the Internet industry —
Student Feedback
• Expect Cornell students to pool and share
data files rather than individually reaching
out to the Internet and downloading files.
• They worry about accidentally exceeding
the base $4 limit.
• Privacy Concerns
Forcast
Current Run Rate
# of IP's
% of Users
Annualized #
of MB
(millions)
IP's less than 2MB
15,080
36.3%
IP's 2MB -2000 MB
23,582
56.8%
66
3,232
7.8%
669
IP's >2000 MB
-
41,894
735
FY04 Projected Usage
# of IP's
% of Users
Annualized #
of MB
(millions)
IP's less than 2MB
15,080
35.2%
IP's 2MB -2000 MB
26,125
61.0%
88
1,623
3.8%
120
42,828
100%
208
IP's >2000 MB
Percent Reduction (please see slides 16-19)
-
72%
2000MB will cover
99% of
Academic/Admin and
80% of students
Forecast
•
The feedback from 38 administrators representing some of the top 300 academic and
administrative WAN users suggests that under the new billing model data volume
transferred by the large users is likely to decrease by 70%
•
Based on students input it is estimated that their consumption will drop by 75%
•
These findings are consistent with empirical evidence from a similar study (Berkeley
INDEX Project) which shows that 75% of users managed their needs within basic
service charges rather than paying extra for premium services
•
With introduction of new rate structure the composite of students, academic, and
administrative WAN consumption is likely to drop by 72% in FY04
Final Thoughts
• Dropped 2 OC3’s from 04 Budget
• Expect Savings to Easily Offset Development
• Will Use Packet Shaping to Smooth Student Use
at Start of Semesters
• Security Value
• Time Will Tell …
http://www.cit.cornell.edu/services/newnetrates/