Transcript Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

By: Jeason Mejia
History Of NNTP
 The Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP) is
published by RFC 977 and was first implemented by
Phil Lapsley for BSD Unix. Later he passed the
responsibilities to Stan Barber in about 1987, but this
protocol is no longer maintained.
 NNTP was created by Brian Kantor at the University of
California-San Diego and Phil Lapsley at the
University of California-Berkeley.
 It provides extra fast transmission by using less
expensive connections.
Introduction
 NNTP sends Usenet news messages between news
servers to newsreader clients.
 Uses a reliable stream-based transmission for the
distribution, posting and retrieval of news articles
 The purpose of designing NNTP protocol is, to store
news articles in a central database location.
Intro II
 NNTP follows the client-server model known as OSI
Model. It uses TCP/IP protocol for routing purposes.
 Basically, NNTP is used for sending and receiving
messages or information.
 NNTP also has a series of codes to show its status to
the client.
Specifications
 NNTP is a data arrangement, created to retrieve, post
and distribute messages across networks.
 Formerly, UUCP (Unix-to-Unix Copy) protocol is used
to deliver newsgroup messages. But UCCP was a pointto-point protocol. NNTP uses Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
 Each server preserves a list of servers under NNTP, to
share posts and news groups used by other servers.
 NNTP efficiently promotes the democratization of
Usenet.
Governing Standards
 The following are the governing standards of Network News
Transfer Protocol published by the IETF as mentioned below:
Core Protocol:
 RFC 3977: This standard describes the core NNTP.
 RFC 4642: It uses Transport Layer Security (TLS) with NNTP
protocol.
 RFC 4643: RFC 4643 provides NNTP an extension for
Authentication.
 RFC 4644: This standard permits server to deliver articles with
greater efficiency.
.
Other Standards
Related Standards
RFC 1738: It is related to the NNTP protocol.
Obsolete Standard
RFC 977: This NNTP standard was obsolete by RFC
3977
Characteristics
 Privacy: A proxy is use to enhance privacy.
 Security: You can restrict your security levels to
control, who can control the NNTP services and who
has access to specific newsgroups. You can encrypt the
session by using the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
protocol, if users connect through a public network.
 Pervasiveness: Pervasive messages are available at
any time and cost.
Continues…
 Reliability: NNTP provides long-term reliable and high
speed services.
 Interoperability: NNTP implements, clear and explicit
specifications of the protocol.
 Maintainability: NNTP is easy to maintain due to its
feature of re-usability and data format.
 Ease of use: NNTP objects are planned with ease of use in
mind.
Applications of NNTP
 Server-to-server exchanges: In this exchange, a
server requests to another server for the latest articles
or move-forward new articles to it.
 User-to-server connections: Users operate news
readers, incorporated with most Web browsers. First
user connects with a server, located at Internet service
provider, and then downloads a list of accessible
newsgroups.
Good and Bad
 The NNTP is a newsgroup protocol through which one
can access every type of media, from pictures to
movies. It also realizes that downloading a copy of a
copyrighted item is a crime of theft. Beside this NNTP
have several advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
The following are the advantages of NNTP:
 Online and Fast.
 Even faster.
 Easily compatible and has an auto fallback.
Disadvantages
The following are the advantages of NNTP:
 Gets more intensive
 It fills a 64kB line
 Working over it through telnet gets a real pain.
Conclusion
 It is concluded, that NNTP has been confirmed a
successful protocol for exchanging ideas between
people.
 Needs improvements
 Due to tremendous growth in the field of internet a lot
of people have been demanding to find ways to use the
delivery of messages over NNTP.
 Nowadays newsgroup channels are using NNTP
protocol for the successful delivery of their news
articles.
References
 Tom Sheldon and Big Sur Multimedia.NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol)
l. Retrieved from: http://www.linktionary.com/n/nntp.html

 Houston, Texas 77230-0481.Network News Transport Protocol, Academ
Consulting Services. Retrieved from: http://www.academ.com/academ/nntp/

 Brian Kantor, Phil Lapsley; February 1986.Network Working Group, Network
News Transfer Protocol. Retrieved from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol

 Russ Allbery, 2010-01-18. NNTP Standards. Retrieved from:
http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles/archive/r
0603/24r03/24r03.asp

 Jan-Mark Wams, Maarten van Steen, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
 Department of Computer Sciences.NNTP characteristics. Retrieved from:
www.cs.kuleuven.be/~andrem/teksten-0809/ii-FTP-nntp.pdf
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