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Networking in Italy
Davide Salomoni
The GARR Network
 GARR: Gruppo Armonizzazione Reti Ricerca (1988) Participants: Universities, INFN, CNR, other research
institutes in Italy
 Non-profit organization
 Evolution:
GARR-1 (TDM: DECnet IV/V, IP, SNA, X.25 - 1988)
GARR-2 (mostly IP, max bandwidth 2Mbit/s - 1995)
GARR-B (IP only, 34Mbit/s - 1998)
GARR-B
 High-bandwidth infrastructure (34-155M) based on ATM
VPs (CBR), with high-speed links to European research
network and the Internet
 15 PoP throughout Italy - the PoPs are in the Telecom
premises, but the network is managed by the GARR
consortium (practically speaking, at the moment, by
INFN)
 User’s access to the network from 64K to 34M, w/
several technologies (ATM, Frame Relay, Leased lines)
 Sharing of a single physical 34M to a PoP between
different users via ATM VP/VCs
GARR-B Management
 INFN is (temporarily) managing the GARR-B network
The GARR-B central management office is in Rome
The GARR-B NOC is @ INFN/CNAF (Bologna)
IP configuration and routing, HW/SW monitoring and
troubleshooting, trouble tickets, interface to the GARR-B Access
Port Managers, reports, Routing Registry, Internet Registry (LIR)
• http://www.noc.garr.it (NOC)
• http://www.garr.it/LIR (LIR)
Planning of GARR-C
Management of the international connections and participation
to international committees
TEN-155 and related research projects
G7-GIBN (IT2)
Network Management
 Public tools
 Traffic statistics
 Trouble Tickets
 The Looking Glass
 Traceroute Server
 Weather Maps
 Private tools
 Noc On Line (NOCOL)
 On-line Hardware Inventory
 Allocation of private AS
 Automated tools and robots for LIR and RR-related tasks
Research
 Phased introduction of native multicasting into the
network (PIM-SM with MBGP peering, connected to the
existing DVMRP cloud)
 Planning and installation of other services directly
connected to the PoPs
news
web caching
 QoS, in collaboration with European projects (TF-TANT)
IntServ (RSVP) and mapping to ATM QoS
DiffServ (IP Precedence and “true” DiffServ - see draft-ietfdiffserv-framework-02.txt)
GARR-B
Frankfurt
NY
Princeton
(ESnet)
The GARR-B backbone
POP - Milano
Princeton
DE
RC
TEN-155
ESnet
US (NY)
RT
POP - Roma
RC
RT
RT
RC
POP - Bologna
RT
RC
POP - Napoli
Access to GARR-B
User z
GARR-B PoP
RC
RT
User w
ATM
User x
International or Domestic Peer
User y
A Transit PoP
RC
GARR-B PoP
Fast Ethernet
Ethernet
GARR-B
ATM
RT
Mgmt Router
Physical Topology
POP - Milano
RC
RT
DE
Princeton
TEN-155
ESnet
US (NY)
POP - Roma
POP - Bologna
RC
RC
RT
RT
RC
RT
POP - Napoli
IP Routing in GARR-B
Milano-RT
RouteReflector
Napoli-RC
RouteReflector Client
Milano-RC
RouteReflector Client
Torino-RC
RouteReflector Client
Napoli-RT
RouteReflector
Bologna-RT
RouteReflector
Bologna-RC
RouteReflector Client
Routing protocols:
•IBGP
•OSPF
Roma-RT
RouteReflector
Roma-RC
RouteReflector Client
Migration from GARR-2
Milano-RC
ISP
Milano-RT
AS-CILEA
NAP
ISPs
Napoli-RT
Roma-RT
AS-ROMA
Routing Protocols:
•IBGP
•OSPF
•EBGP
Bologna-RT
ISP
Roma-RC
NAP INROMA
Bologna-RC
AS-CINECA
ISPs
ISP
Use of Private AS
A) “remove-private-as” on RC
RU
AS-P1
RU
AS-P1 sees 10.0.0.0  AS-137
AS-P3 sees 10.0.0.0  AS-137
ISP sees 10.0.0.0  AS-137
RT sees 10.0.0.0  AS-P2
10.0.0.0
AS-P2
RU
RC
AS-P3
AS-137 sends to AS-Px: ^$
AS-P1, AS-P3 get from AS-137: ^137$
AS-137
RT
RT
*
B) “remove-private-as” on RT
AS-P1 sees 10.0.0.0  AS-P2
AS-P3 sees 10.0.0.0  AS-P2
ISP sees 10.0.0.0  AS-137
RT sees 10.0.0.0  AS-P2
ISP
AS-137 sends to AS-Px: ^$ and AS-Py
AS-P1, AS-P3 get from AS-137: .*
International Connectivity
ATM link @155M to Frankfurt (TEN-155) separate VCs for
US (New York) @45M -- access to “the
Internet” (excluding ESnet!)
Europe @100M -- access to TEN-155 and
European peers
T1 (1.5M) to Princeton -- used just to
connect GARR to ESnet
GARR-SLAC?
 Currently, using the 1.5M from GARR to Princeton -obviously not sufficient for BaBar
 Agreements permitting ($$$), it’s technically feasible
(right now) to have direct access from GARR to ESnet
@45M or more using e.g. an ATM VC; US endpoint?
e.g. NY (ESnet PoP)
SLAC? (dedicated link to BaBar)
 What are we to transfer via network to a regional
center?
DSTs? Size? Who extracts the DSTs (real-time?) from
Objectivity?
ESD+AOD+Tags? ~2.2MB/sec = 17.6Mbit/sec