Transcript European Exploration

European Exploration
Andronia
Andronia is a planet of fabulous wealth. It contains
enormous deposits of gold and silver. However, no ship
has ever returned from a journey to Andronia. What is
known of the planet comes secondhand from traders
from other planets in the galaxy. It is uncertain
whether the planet's location is shown accurately on
existing star maps. Furthermore, there are many
dangers: black holes that swallow ships whole;
electromagnetic fields that burn ship’s electronic
system, leaving it adrift in space; and reaching the edge
of the known universe and slipping into a great void,
from which there is no return.
“A”
Andronia contains no riches. It does, however,
have enough food and water to sustain life
and reprovision the ship for the journey
home. Deduct 20,000 Points.
“B”
The crew realizes too late that the ship has been
pulled off course by electromagnetic forces. It
sails into oblivion. Deduct all points.
“C”
Andronia is even richer than legend has told. All
crew members become fabulously wealthy
and return home to live happily ever after!
Add 50,000 Points.
God, Gold, and Glory
“To serve God and His Majesty, to give light to
those who were in darkness and to grow rich
as all men desire to do.”
–Bartolomeu Dias (Portuguese Explorer)
Reasons for European Exploration
• The desire for new sources of wealth
• Europeans demanded spices, such as
cinnamon, pepper, ginger, and nutmeg which
added flavor to their foods
• Italian and Muslim merchants controlled the
market of these goods
• Because the demand was so high, they could
charge high prices and make a lot of profit
Reasons for European Exploration
• European merchants from England, Spain,
Portugal, and France wanted to find a way to
bypass these Italian merchants and increase
profits for themselves
Reasons for European Exploration
• The desire to spread
Christianity also
motivated European
explorers
• They had gotten a taste
of spreading Christianity
through the Crusades
Advancements in Sailing:
1. Astrolabe-uses stars to
track long. and lat.
2. Magnetic Compass
(Thanks Tang and Song)
3. Caravel-new ship with
triangle sails (helps
sailing against the
wind)
Caravel
WIND
Portugal
• Prince Henry was very
interested in Asia
• He discovered a great
deal of wealth, spices
and gold, during a
Crusade in Northern
Africa
• He set up ports in
Northern Africa
Portugal
• Wanted a direct route
to Asia
• 1497-Vasco da Gama
sailed around the Cape
of Good Hope and
explored the East
African Coast
Portugal
• Da Gama eventually
reached India
• They loaded their ships
up with spices and
returned to Portugal in
1499
• There cargo was 60
times the price of the
voyage!
Spain
• Like Portugal, also
desired a direct route to
Asia
• 1492- Christopher
Columbus sailed across
the Atlantic in order to
get to India
• He landed on Hispaniola
and called the natives
“Indians”
Middle Passage
Spain and Portugal butt heads
• They would argue and fight over claimed land in the
New World
• 1494- Treaty of Tordesillas
Amerigo Vespuci
Magellan
Exploration
The Dutch (Netherlands), England, and France
would also join Portugal and Spain in exploring
both Asia and the New World…
Ming Dynasty: Zheng He
Qian-Long to King George III
“There is nothing we lack, as your principal
envoy and other have themselves observed. WE
have never set much store on strange or
ingenious objects, nor do we need any more of
your country’s manufactures.”
Tokugawa Shogunate: Japan
• Muskets and Cannons
• Francis Xavier-Missionary
• Closed Country Policy
God, Gold and Glory are what
exploration had to offer! HUGE
REWARDS; however, HUGE
RISKS were involved.
From Columbus’s Journal:
“For nine days I was as one lost, without hope of life. Eyes
never beheld the sea so angry, so high, so covered with foam.
The wind not only prevented our progress, but offered no
opportunity to run behind any headland for shelter; hence we
were forced to keep out in this bloody ocean, seething like a
pot on a hot fire. Never did the sky look more terrible; for one
whole day and night it blazed like a furnace, and the lightning
broke with such violence that each time I wondered if it had
carried off my spars and sails; the flashes came with such fury
and frightfulness that we all thought that the ship would be
blasted. All this time the water never ceased to fall from the
sky; I do not say it rained, for it was like another deluge. The
men were so worn out that they longed for death to end their
dreadful suffering.”
Quick Quiz
1. What are the three G’s of Exploration?
2. Who was Vasco da Gama?
3. Who landed on Hispaniola thinking it was
India?
4. Besides Spain and Portugal, name two other
countries that took part in exploration of the
New World.
5. Name one thing you found interesting today.