Transcript The Age of Exploration

Portuguese, English, French
Exploration
Prince Henry the Navigator
Do Now
In your warm up section make a plan of
what you would need to bring with you if you
were traveling along:
1. The Silk Road Land Route2. Sea Route-
Which route would you prefer? Why?
Why did Europeans stop using
the Silk Road?
1. It was dangerous (thieves, Muslim
merchants)
2. The journey was long and difficult
(mountain, desert)
3. Cheaper to travel by sea
4. Carry more goods by boat than by horse or
camels
European’s Goals
 From the 1400s to the 1700s, Europe experienced an
“Age of Exploration”
o The Renaissance encouraged curiosity & a desire for
discovering new ideas and possibilities
o As a result of exploration, European countries grew
rich, powerful & spread Christianity throughout the
world
Navigation & Maps
 Before the Renaissance, sailors did not have the
technology to sail very far from Europe & return
 Trade & cultural diffusion during the Renaissance
introduced new navigation techniques to Europeans
o Magnetic compasses made sailing more accurate
o Astrolabes used the stars to show direction
o Maps were more accurate and used latitude &
longitude
What do you notice about these
two maps?
Cantino World
Map, 1502
A 15th-century manuscript copy of the Ptolemy world
map, reconstituted from Ptolemy's Geographia (circa 150)
Ships
 European shipbuilders built a better ship; The caravel
was a stronger ship that could travel in the open seas &
in shallow water
oCaravels had triangular lateen sails that
allowed ships to sail against the wind
oA moveable rudder made the caravel more
maneuverable
oCannons & rifles gave ships protection
Caravel
Viking Longship
Prince Henry’s Navigation School
A. Portugal was the early leader in the Age of Exploration
1. In Portugal, Prince Henry the Navigator started a school
of navigation to train sailors
a. He brought in Europe’s best map makers, ship
builders, & sailing instructors
b. He wanted to discover new territories, find a quick
trade route to Asia & expand Portugal's power
c. Prince Henry’s navigation school & willingness to fund
voyages led the Portuguese to be the 1st to explore
the west coast of Africa
Portuguese Explorer’s
2. In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias became the first person
to sail round to the southern tip of Africa
a. Dias’ ships rounded the perilous Cape of Good
Hope and then sailed around Africa’s
southernmost point.
3. Vasco da Gama was the 1st explorer to find a direct
trade route to Asia by going around Africa to get to India
a. Portugal gained a sea route to Asia that brought
them great wealth
b. During the Age of Exploration, Portugal created
colonies along the African coast, in Brazil, & the
Spice Islands in Asia
Portuguese Exploration Recap
Small country with big interest.
Prince Henry the Navigator spends
his own money on navigation
school and voyages..
Set up trade and colonies on east
coast of Africa.
Dias and da Gama = trade route to
India.
Competition with Italy for Asian
goods means cheaper items for
Europeans, demand goes up,
Portugal makes money.
Search for a North West Passage
Both the English and the French sailors sailed in
search of a trade route to Asia. Their efforts took
them North West towards the “New World” in search
of that route.
English Explorers
a. John Cabot- Set sail for Asia in 1497 but found
Newfoundland In Canada instead of route to
Asia
b. Henry Hudson- Best known for his discovery of
the Hudson Bay in North America
Search for a North West Passage
Giovanni da Verrazzano- made three trips, exploring most of
the North American coastline, as well as South America and
many Caribbean islands
Jacques Cartier- sent by the king of France to find a
northwest passage and to discover certain islands and lands
where it is said that a great quantity of gold and other
precious things are to be found. In 1541 finds “Fool’s Gold”
Exploration Cause and
Effect/Compare and Contrast
1. In your classroom account, open up and
read the 3 cause and effect statements.
2. Highlight any context clues that help you
determine the cause and effect in each
scenario.
3. Compare similarities and differences
between the two maps shown that
explorer’s used on their voyages.
Exit Ticket
1.
Which technological improvement had no influence on Exploration?
a.
Compass
b.
Flax
c.
Astrolabe
d.
Caravel
2.
Who was Prince Henry?
a.
Prince of Portugal
b.
Prince of Persia
c.
Founder of Portugal Navigation School
d.
American Explorer
3.
What was the North West Passage?
a. Directions on the compass
b. Path Portuguese sailors took to get to Asia
c. Path English and French searched for to get to Asia