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European Exploration in the New World and North Carolina What were European Explorers doing when they discovered the Americas? th 15 Century (1400’s) Exploration European countries were anxious to find a new trade route to the Far East (China and India) to get goods such as silk, perfumes, gold and spices. The present trade route was a land route from China to Europe dating back to 200 B.C. called the… Great Silk Road The Great Silk Road Along this road were Middlemen (traders who buy goods from producers or other traders and sells those goods to other traders or consumers) . By the time the goods made their way to Europe they were very expensive. The Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire grew to power on and because of the Great Silk Road. As the Ottoman Empire got more powerful, they began to prohibit the European countries’ access to the Great Silk Road and made goods from the Far East more expensive. The Ottoman Empire Marco Polo’s Book “Travels” In 1477 Marco Polo’s book “Travels” was published, the book was about his travels on the Great Silk Road to China during the 13th century. His book spoke of oceans and encouraged Europeans to find a sea route to China. How long did it take for Marco Polo to get his book published? Why did it take so long to get his book published? The Printing Press wasn’t invented until 1439 3 Reasons why Western Europe wanted to find a sea route to the Far East 1. Because the Ottoman Empire was limiting Western European access to the Great Silk Road 2. Because middlemen, especially from the Ottoman Empire, were driving the prices up on goods from the Far East 3. Because ocean-going ship technology had progressed and Western European countries now had ships capable of making the journey to the Far East on the oceans- Caravels The Rush to find a sea route to the Far East 1488- Sailing for Portugal, Bartholomew Diaz rounded the southern tip of Africa. Portugal Cape of Good Hope The Rush to find a sea route to the Far East (continued) 1498 - Sailing for Portugal, Vasco De Gama sailed around Africa to India successfully opening a sea route to the far east. Set your notes up like this… European Exploration Efforts of the New World English Spanish French 1492- Christopher Columbus- Spain 1492 – Christopher Columbus landed at San Salvador (present day Bahamas). He was the first European to venture into the Western Hemisphere other than the Vikings. 1497- John Cabot- England 1497 – John Cabot explored Newfoundland and the Canadian Coastline looking for a Northwest Passage to Asia 1499 - Amerigo Vespucci- Spain 1499 – Amerigo Vespucci explored the South American Coast, the Americas are named after him . 1513 – Vasco Nunez de Balboa- Spain 1513 – Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed the isthmus of Panama to the Pacific ocean 1513 - Juan Ponce De Leon - Spain 1513 – Juan Ponce De Leon explored Florida What was Ponce De Leon looking for in Florida? The Fountain of Youth 1519 - Hernando Cortez - Spain 1519 – Hernando Cortez begins conquest of Aztec Indians (Mexico) 1524 - Giovanni de Verrazano - France 1524 – Giovanni de Verrazano landed at Cape Fear and explored the North Carolina coast The Verrazano Bridge in New York 1526 - Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon - Spain 1526 - Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon tries to make a settlement at Chicora (Myrtle Beach area) 1539 - Hernando De Soto - Spain 1539 – Hernando De Soto explored the Southeast U.S. De Soto stayed with the Cherokee Indians in N.C. for a while. 1540 - Francisco Coronado - Spain 1540 – Francisco Coronado explored Mexico and the Southwest United States. 1562 - French Hugenots - France 1562 – French Hugenots (Protestants) tried to make a settlement near the Charleston, S.C. The attempt failed. Why did many Hugenots have to leave France? 1565 – St. Augustine - Spain 1565 – St. Augustine (Florida) was settled and was the 1st permanent settlement in North America 1584 – Amadas and Barlowe-England 1584 – Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe explored the Northern N.C. coast and Roanoke Island 1586 – Ralph Lane - England 1586 – Sir Walter Raleigh sent Ralph Lane to make a settlement on Roanoke Island in N.C., the settlement only lasted a few months, Lane never got along well with the Native Americans. 1587 - John White - England 1587 – Sir Walter Raleigh sends John White to attempt to start a second colony on Roanoke Island in N.C. 1588 – Spanish Armada - England 1588-1589 England defeats the Spanish Armada’s attack. 1590 – Lost Colony - England 1590 – Lost Colony is nowhere to be found 1607 – Jamestown - England 1607 – Jamestown settlement is established on Chesapeake Bay in Virginia, it’s the first permanent English settlement in North America 1608 – Quebec - France 1608 – the Quebec settlement is established in Canada at the mouth of the St. Lawrence river Images Credits The Verrazano Bridge - http://www.newyorkcity.ro/images/1210_10_8---Verrazano-Narrows-BridgeNew-York-City_web.jpg Verrazano Image - http://www.mrnussbaum.com/verrazanogif.gif Chicora map - http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/gifs/Deayllonmap.GIF De Soto Map http://aam.govst.edu/projects/legnatz/images/LOC_images/exploration_maps/desoto_march_1539 _1544.jpg Picture of De Soto - http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=79429&rendTypeId=4 Map of Coronado http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Coronado_expedition.jpg/800pxCoronado_expedition.jpg Notre Dame Cathedral - http://www.igougo.com/images/p318976-Paris-Notre-Dame_Cathedral.jpg Picture of a Guillotine - http://blogs.trb.com/sports/football/jets/blog/guillotine.gif Citadel of Quebec http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lh5.google.com/image/BangKeeper/RhKtjP4qYcI/A AAAAAAAACo/DfsJmONJXyo/citadelle.jpg&imgrefurl=http://eslplace.blogspot.com/2007/04/canad as-french-speaking-provincequebec.html&h=273&w=432&sz=25&hl=en&start=36&tbnid=uUbjPbJ90O056M:&tbnh=80&tbnw=1 26&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dquebec%2Bsettlement%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20 %26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN Images Credits (continued) Map of St. Augustine - http://pics2.city-data.com/city/maps/fr3166.png Aerial picture of St. Augustine fort - http://www.dwyeraerialphotography.com/images/fort.jpg Belltower on Fort Marcos http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/ 3b/Belltower_of_the_Castillo_de_San_Marcos_fort_-_St_Augustine_-_Florida.jpg/400pxBelltower_of_the_Castillo_de_San_Marcos_fort_-_St_Augustine__Florida.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Belltower_of_the_Castillo_de_Sa n_Marcos_fort_-_St_Augustine__Florida.jpg&h=599&w=400&sz=53&hl=en&start=6&tbnid=BSa4bYi7SSl92M:&tbnh=135&tbnw=90 &prev=/images%3Fq%3Dst.%2Baugustine%2Bflorida%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den Map of Roanoke Island - http://www.virginiaplaces.org/settleland/graphics/roanokeisland.gif Picture of the Elizabeth II http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/uploads/2007/10/elizab eth_2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/1849&h=768&w=1024&sz=169&hl=en&start=2 &tbnid=9C3CbVMdfccZmM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=150&prev=/images%3Fq%3Delizabeth%2BII%2Bin%2B manteo%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den John White picture of Wingina - http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lostcolony.com/fort3sided.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lostcolony.com/gallerymain.html&h=436&w=314&sz=22&hl=en&start=11&tbnid=pSSVIhkiWrRTM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=91&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dralph%2Blane%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den Images Credits (continued) Ralph Lane Historical marker - http://img.groundspeak.com/waymarking/display/13be1b66-6868-4e74-be0867f8b4b08ffa.jpg John White map - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Roanoke_map_1584.JPG Spanish Armada picture http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/MEPOD/10011603~TheSpanish-Armada-Lord-Howard-in-the-Ark-Royal-Attacks-Medina-Sidonia-in-the-San-MartinPosters.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.allposters.com/-sp/The-Spanish-Armada-Lord-Howard-in-the-Ark-Royal-AttacksMedina-Sidonia-in-the-San-MartinPosters_i1861976_.htm&h=350&w=262&sz=22&hl=en&start=19&tbnid=gD_O7C1uwRajqM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=90&prev= /images%3Fq%3Dspanish%2Barmada%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den Spanish Armada Map - http://history.wisc.edu/sommerville/123/123images/ARMADAROUTE.jpg Lost Colony drawing - http://www.croatianhistory.net/gif/croatoan.jpg Jamestown painting - http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/174343main_jamestown-settlement-1-516.jpg Jamestown fort - http://www.williamsburgprivatetours.com/images/jamestown_fort.jpg Map of Quebec http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/images/Canada/snapshot/Canada11.gif &imgrefurl=http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/canadaweb/snapshot/Quebec.htm&h=667&w=600&sz=29&hl=en&sta rt=21&tbnid=g6JCBVBud1QNM:&tbnh=138&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dquebec%2Bsettlement%26start%3D20%26gbv%3D2%2 6ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN