Transcript Understanding Internetworking Infrastructure

Understanding
Internetworking Infrastructure
Announcements
• Business Analysis Paper proposal due today
• Business Plan Project given today
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Quiz 2 results
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Key trends
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More reliance on IT infrastructure
New services
Distributed Processing
New business models
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Challenges
• Poor IT decisions lead to
– Products with insufficient support
– Relying on outdated protocols/systems
• Technology / management divide
– Who makes decisions?
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Fig. 5.1 Moore’s Law
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1980’s
• PC released
• People moved jobs to computers
• No longer needed staff for computing/data
processing
• LANs allowed people to share files, printers etc.
• IT services provided over distributed servers
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1990’s
• Internet boom
• TCP/IP provided robust standard for messages
between all computers on web
• Network resources available to individuals
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Fig 5.2 Evolution of Corporate IT
Infrastructure
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Fig 5.3 Metcalfe’s Law
“The usefulness of a network increases with the
square of the number of users connected to the
network”
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Fig 5.4 Bandwidth Explosion
Growth faster than computer chips
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Components of Internetworking
Infrastructure
• Network
– Hardware/software that permit exchange of information
between processing units and organizations
• Processing Systems
– Hardware/software providing ability to handle business
transactions
• Facilities
– Physical systems that house and protect devices
• Trend: Increasing freedom to manage resources
• See table 5.1
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Networks
• Local Area Networks (LANs)
• Hubs, switches, wireless access points,
network adapters
• Wide Area networks (WANs)
• Routers
• Firewalls, Security Systems
• Caching, Content Acceleration
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Fig 5.5 LAN
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Fig 5.6 WAN
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Processing Systems
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Client Devices and Systems
Server Devices and Systems
Mainframe Devices and Systems
Middleware
Infrastructure Management Systems
Business Applications
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Fig 5.7 Servers in typical E-commerce
configuration
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Facilities
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Buildings, physical space
Network Conduits, connections
Power
Environmental Controls
Security
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Fig 5.8 Modern Data Center
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Operational Characteristics if
Internetworking
• Internetworking Technologies are Based on
Open Standards
• Internetworking Technologies operate
asynchronously
• Internetworking communications have inherent
latency
• Internetworking technologies are naturally
decentralized
• Internetworking technologies are scalable
• See tables 5.2, 5.3
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Business Implications
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Quicker communications leads to efficiency
More data leads to better-informed decisions
Progress of processes become transparent
Processes more efficient
Make and sell becomes sense and respond
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Threats
• Automation can lead to chain reaction,
cascading failures
• Outside attacks
• See table 5.4
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New service models
• Physical location of computers less important
• Economies of scale for particular services
• New capabilities must be integrated into
existing systems
– Deal with legacy technology
• Reliability must improve
– See next week!
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Business Plan Project
• The objective of this project is to put together a
business plan that sets out the strategic
direction for a company utilizing information
technology.
• The two primary objectives are:
– To make realistic projections of opportunities and
risks
– To present these in a compelling way that would
attract funding and support from the organization
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Options
• Option 1:
– Cellphone plan
• Option 2
– Web-based Education
• Option 3
– Choose your own
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Option 1: In-flight cell-phone
connectivity
• You have developed a way to allow people to talk on cellular
telephones during airplane flights without disturbing their
neighbor.
– The technology itself involves enclosing the passenger in a soundprotected device (looking remarkably like a motorcycle helmet!) and
connecting to cellular networks through a central airplane system.
– The pilot has over-ride capability to block calls and make
announcements at her discretion.
• Create a business plan of
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how you would go about releasing this product,
what market segments you would target,
what the potential revenue and costs would be, and
what risks there are.
• Indicate more than one potential fee structure, and which you
anticipate would be the most attractive.
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Option 2: Web-based Education
Development
• You have been assigned by the director of IT for
UCSC to analyze the option of making classes
available live on the web to students outside of the
Santa Cruz area.
– The idea is to ‘scale up’ the classes that are already being
offered, and attract more students.
• Create a business plan of how a program like this
could be released, including
– the technology requirements and
– costs.
• Pay attention to risks to the existing business of
education in Santa Cruz, as well as economic and
other potential benefits.
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Option 3: Choose your own
• Select a startup idea of your own
• Create a business plan to present to a venture
capitalist
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Business Plan should include
• Executive Summary
– Less than a page overview of the idea
• Customer Need and Business Opportunity
– An argument for the potential of the product or idea
• Business Strategy and Key Milestones
– Plan a timeline over about five years
• Marketing Plan
Business Plan should include
– Who is the intended customer?
– How will you convince them to adopt the product?
• Operations Plan
– What is needed to pull this off?
• Management and Key Personnel
– How many people
– How will the organization be structured, and what changes are needed?
– Give brief profiles of key individuals
• Financial Projections
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Estimates
• You are not expected to know exact numbers
for costs etc. but the estimates should be
realistic. For example, if your business plan
says you will deploy option 1 on every seat for
every domestic flight in USA, your plan should
indicate reflect a reasonable estimate of how
many that is. Use charts and tables wherever
appropriate. Venture capitalists and CEO’s do
not like to do more work than they have to in
evaluating.
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Due date(s)
• Project Due date: May 25
• Optional Early Draft: May 16
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