Transcript The Dawning of the Age of Exploration

The Dawning of the Age
of Exploration
World History
Mr. Heaps
1. Name 3 Reasons why Europeans
began to explore the world in the 15th
century.
1.
2.
3.
wealth
Searching for _______.
Searching for _______
lands to
conquer.
Looking to spread
Christianity
_____________
all over
the world.
2. Name two ways in which the printing press
greatly encouraged the Era of Exploration.
1.
2.
New ______
books were
printed about subjects
such as Astronomy,
mathematics,
navigation, &
geography.
maps and
Printed ______
navigation charts
_________
became widely
available.
3. Who were the first European explorers to
explore the East coast of North America.
Leif Eriksson and
the Norsemen,
Vikings
or ________.
4. What goods from the Indies became
valuable to Europeans during the
Renaissance?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Silk
________
spices
Cotton
gold
________
Tea
sugar
________
5. Why were Europeans seeking a sea
route to the Indies?
1.
2.
Europeans had long been
Marco
attracted to Asia. ______
Polo wrote in his book
______,
The Travels, about his
travels to the Chinese court
of the great Kublai Khan.
Europeans wanted to make
obsolete the great
Silk Road which took
____________
almost a year to travel &
was controlled by Ottoman
Turks.
How did Prince Henry the Navigator
influence the Age of Exploration?
He developed a school of
navigation on the Coast
___________
of Portugal overlooking the
Atlantic Ocean.
2. He assembled a group of
brilliant mathematicians,
astronomers, mapmakers,
shipbuilders
and ______________.
3. They developed the
celestial
science of ____________
navigation.
1.
What invention by the Portuguese
encouraged exploration more than any
other?
The invention of a new
type of ship called a
caravel
_________.
It had
more storage space,
smooth hulls for speed,
rudder
a movable ________
for steering, and
lateen
triangular or ________
sails
Traders from which country brought the
first African Slaves to Europe?
Portuguese traders who first
It was ___________
explored the coasts of Africa trying to find a
sea route to the east. They first learned of
the institution of slavery as they made
claims to parts of the _________
Western coast of
Africa. Africans tribes had already been
enslaving
capturing & ___________
other Africans for
many years.
Identify the major accomplishments of
the following Portuguese explorers:
► Bartholomeu
Dias – was
the first European to
reach the Southern tip of
Africa, called the Cape of
____________.
Good Hope
► Vasco da Gama- first to
round the tip of Africa
and sail across the Indian
Ocean and land on the
India
coast of _________.
What was the Northwest Passage?
A shorter, westward
route linking the
Atlantic
North __________
to
the Pacific. They
believed this route
would be shorter and
take less time.
Europeans spent
hundreds of years
before they found it.
Line of Demarcation (1493)
Portuguese &
the 1490’s, voyages of the ___________
_________
Spanish had opened up new lands to
exploration.
► Fearing that the other might claim some of its
newly discovered territories, Spain & Portugal
resolved their concerns by agreeing on a line of
_______________.
demarcation
This was an imaginary line
established by Pope Alexander VI, that divided
their spheres of influence.
► This line extended from North to South through
the __________
Atlantic Ocean & easternmost part of
South America.
________
► By
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Portugal did not agree
John II of __________
with the Pope’s placement of the line, as he
Spain
thought it favored ________.
► He demanded that __________
Ferdinand & ________
Isabella
of Spain meet with him to change the pope’s
decision.
► In 1494, they agreed to the Treaty of
Tordesillas
_____________,
which moved the line 800
miles farther west.
► King
Treaty of Tordesillas & the Line of
Demarcation
According to the Treaty of
Tordesillas:
1)Unexplored territories
east of the line would
be controlled by
_________.
Portugal
2)Unexplored territories
west of the line would
be controlled by
_________.
Spain
Spanish
Portuguese
The Spanish Empire
► Spanish
conquerors of the Americas were
conquistadors
called _______________.
guns & determination brought
► Their _______
them incredible success in the Americas.
Hernan Cortes took only 3 years to
► ________________
Aztec empire in
overthrow the mighty ________
Central Mexico.
Francisco Pizarro
► In South America, _________________
Inca
took control of the ________
Empire in the
Peruvian Andes.
Conquistador: Hernan Cortes
Aztec
Conquistador of the ________
Empire
Conquistador: Francisco Pizarro
Inca
Conquistador of the ________
Empire
Reasons for Spanish Dominance
Over Native Americans
► Spanish
conquistadors had several
advantages over the Native Americans
including:





_________
armored suits
horses
_________
cannons
Guns & _________
crossbows
__________
Resistance to European __________
disease
The Spanish Encomienda System
colonial administration in the
system of __________
Americas.
► Queen Isabella declared Native Americans to be
subjects
her _________.
► She granted the Spanish rulers in America
___________,
Encomienda or the right to use Native
Americans as laborers.
protect and
► The Spanish were supposed to ________
_________
nurture the Native Americans, but they were
far from Spain and largely ignored their rulers.
►A
Encomienda
The right of Spanish settlers in the Americas to
Native Americans
use _________________
as laborers.
forced
Became a corrupt system in which ________
disease
labor & starvation along with _________
killed many Natives.
Spanish Impact on the Americas
► Catholic
converted and
missionaries _________
baptized hundreds of thousands of native
_________
peoples.
► Catholic missionaries built parishes,
schools and hospitals; all the trappings
________,
European society.
of a __________
► Native American social & political structures
were torn apart and replaced by European
language
systems of religion, __________,
culture, &
government
______________.
The Columbian Exchange
plants
extensive exchange of _________
and
animals between the Old and New
__________
Columbian
Worlds was called the ___________
exchange because it began with Columbus’
expeditions of the Americas.
Sugar
► ________,
cotton, vanilla, __________
livestock &
other products were introduced from Europe
to the Americas.
► Agricultural products native to the Americas
were shipped & introduced into Europe,
such as __________,
cocoa, _______
potatoes
corn
(maize), & ___________.
tobacco
► The
The Columbian Exchange