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Chapter
14-1
Chapter 14:
Accounting on the Internet
Introduction
The Internet and the World Wide Web
XBRL - Financial Reporting on the Internet
Electronic Business
Privacy and Security on the Internet
Chapter
14-2
The Internet and
World Wide Web
Internet Addresses and Software
Intranets and Extranets
The World Wide Web, HTML, and IDEA
Groupware, Electronic Conferencing, and
Blogs
Chapter
14-3
Internet Addresses and
Software
Domain Address
Also
called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
www.Name.com.uk
Internet Protocol (IP)
Numeric
address of domain address
207.142.131.248
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Chapter
14-4
Intranets and Extranets
Intranets
Based
on same software as the Internet
Internal to the organization
Outsiders are unable to access information
Extranets
Enable
external users to access intranets
Utilize passwords or private data communications
channels
Chapter
14-5
The World Wide Web,
HTML, and IDEA
World Wide Web
Multimedia
portion of the Internet
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Editing
language
Used in design of web pages
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Communications
pages
protocol used to transfer web
Chapter
14-6
HTML Code
Chapter
14-7
Display of HTML Code
Chapter
14-8
Groupware, Electronic
Conferencing, and Blogs
Groupware
Allow
users to complete numerous tasks
electronically
Send and receive e-mail, collaborate on work
tasks, schedule appointments, share files
Software include Exchange, Groupwise, Lotus
Notes, and Outlook
Chapter
14-9
Groupware, Electronic
Conferencing, and Blogs
Instant Messaging Software
Remote users
communicate in real time
Electronic Conferencing
Knowledge Management
Programs utilized
to distribute expertise within the
organization
Blogs
Collaboration tool
Create, share,
and leverage knowledge
Chapter
14-10
XBRL - Financial Reporting
on the Internet
eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
Similar
to HTML
Users define their own tags
XML tags describe the data
eXtensible Business Reporting Language
Tags
are standardized for business reporting
purposes
Chapter
14-11
XBRL Code
Chapter
14-12
XBRL - Financial Reporting
on the Internet
XBRL Instance Documents and Taxonomies
Must
understand the standard tags
Must understand the rules that govern the use of
the tags
Current Status of XBRL
XBRL
International Consortium
Chapter
14-13
How XBRL Affects
Accountants
Chapter
14-14
XBRL - Financial Reporting
on the Internet
The Benefits of XBRL
Transmit
financial data in standard format
Data items are uniquely defined
Searching for tags is easier (IDEA)
Data is self-checking
Automatic and reliable exchange of financial
information
Companies are not constrained to specific formats
Chapter
14-15
XBRL - Financial Reporting
on the Internet
The Drawbacks of XBRL
Requires
new users to learn, and conform to, the
standards of the language
Evolving standards require conformity to
changing specifications
No requirement for auditors to provide assurance
Costs of transition
Chapter
14-16
Electronic Business
Definition
Conduct
of business with computers and data
communications
Categories of Electronic Commerce
Retail
sales
E-payments and E-wallets
Electronic data interchange
Cloud-computing services
Chapter
14-17
Retail Sales
Overview
Virtual
stores to sell directly to customers
Automated AISs
Problems with Internet Retail Sales
Legitimacy
of web sites
Reliance upon e-mails
Reliance upon suppliers
Click fraud
Privacy concerns
Chapter
14-18
Business-to-Business
E-Commerce
Definition
Businesses
buying and selling goods and services to
each other over the Internet
Advantages
Shortens
time from purchase to delivery
Expanded variety of vendors
Reduces processing costs
Wider availability of real-time data
Chapter
14-19
Electronic Data Interchange
Electronic Data Interchange
Transmit
information over high-speed data
communications channels
Automates exchange of business information
Chapter
14-20
Cloud Computing
Processing Services
Platform
as a Service (PaaS)
Backup Services
Maintain
copies of critical data
Educational Services
Research
and using specialized web tutorials
Chapter
14-21
Advantages of Cloud
Computing
Chapter
14-22
Cloud Computing – Backup
Provider Example
Chapter
14-23
Privacy and Identity Theft
Definition
Using
another person’s personal data that involves
fraud or deception
Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act of 1998
(ITADA)
Company Prevention
Use
preventive controls
Exercise reasonable caution to protect personal
information
Chapter
14-24
Safeguarding Personal Data
Chapter
14-25
Safeguarding Personal Data
Chapter
14-26
Security
Safeguarding electronic resources and limiting
access to authorized users
Access Security – Authentication
you have – plastic card
What you know – unique information
Who you are - fingerprints
What
Chapter
14-27
Spam and Phishing
Spam
Unsolicited
e-mail messages
Increasingly costly to organizations
Phishing
Websites
requesting personal information from
consumers
Most information is typically stored in AISs
Chapter
14-28
Social Networking
Commercial Utilization
Public
reaction to launch of new product
Developing an online presence
Privacy Concerns
Searching
for “red flags”
Evaluate employees
Disqualify job applicants
Chapter
14-29
Firewalls
Purpose
Guards
against unauthorized access
Stand-alone devices and/or software
Two Primary Methods
Inclusion
– Access Control List (ACL)
Exclusion
Problems
Denial-of-Service Attacks
Spoofing
Chapter
14-30
Firewall Example
Chapter
14-31
Intrusion Detection Systems
Passive IDSs
Create
logs of potential intrusions
Alert network administrators
Reactive IDSs
Detect
potential intrusions dynamically
Log off potentially malicious users
Program firewalls to block messages from
suspected source
Chapter
14-32
Value-Added Networks
Definition
Private,
point-to-point communication channels
Usually created for security purposes
Methods of Creation
Blank
slate, create from scratch
Lease secure, dedicated transmission lines
Create a Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Chapter
14-33
Value Private Networks
Definition
Similar
to a VAN
Transmit messages over existing Internet
connections
Creating Secure Data Transmission
Use
“tunneling” security protocols
Encrypt transmitted data
Authenticate remote computer
Chapter
14-34
VAN-based EDI System
Chapter
14-35
Proxy Server
Definition
Network
server that controls web access
Advantages
Funnel
internet requests through a single server
Examine and test requests for authenticity
Limit employee access to approved websites
Limit stored information
Store frequently-accessed web pages (Cache)
Chapter
14-36
Data Encryption
Definition
Transform
plaintext messages into unintelligible
cyphertext messages
Encryption key
Mathematical
function dependent upon a large
prime number
Data Encryption Standard (DES)
Chapter
14-37
Simple Data Encryption
Chapter
14-38
Data Encryption
Secret Key Cryptography
Users
must keep the key secret and not share the
key with other parties
Public Key Encryption
Each
party uses a pair of public/private encryption
keys
SSL and S-HTTP
Chapter
14-39
Digital Signatures and Digital
Time Stamping
Digital Signature
Encrypted
portion of message
Digital Signature Standard (DSS)
Digital Certificate
Certificate
Authority
Digital Time-Stamping Services (DTSSs)
Chapter
14-40