Transcript Chapter 1 - When Worlds Meet

Chapter 1
Three Worlds Meet
Beginnings to 1506
How did people first arrive in
Americas?
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First people arrived
22,000 years ago.
Land bridge
between Asia and
Alaska called
Beringia.
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Hunted large animals
12,000-10,000 years ago
climate warmed and people
hunted smaller animals,
collected plants and berries.
(adapted to environment)
How did people first arrive in
Americas? (continued)
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10,000-5,000 years
ago people in Mexico
developed new ways of
farming.
Maize or corn
Some changed from
nomadic (moving
from place to place)
society to development
of communities.
Who were the Olmec?
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Civilization in
Mexico around
1200 B.C.
Civilization
developed in
rainforests.
Mysteriously
collapsed in 400
B.C.
Who were the Mayans?
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Civilization between
250 A.D. and 900 A.D
Located in present day
Guatemala and
Yucatan Peninsula
Huge palaces and
pyramids
Written expression
Who were the Aztecs?
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Built empire in
1200’s.
Destroyed by the
Spanish and Cortes.
Human sacrifice to
Gods
Huge palaces and
pyramids
Written expression
Who were the Incas?
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Civilization started
in 1400 and
stretched across
western coast of
South America.
Skill of silver mining
Huge palaces and
pyramids
Written expression
Who were the Hohokam
and Anasazi?
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Hohokam- settled in
Southwest between
300 B.C.-1400 A.D.
Anasazi- settled in
Southwest between
300 B.C.-1400 A.D.
Lived in areas that are
Utah, Colorado,
Arizona, and New
Mexico.
Who were the Adena,
Hopewell, and
Mississippian Indians?
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All developed east
of Mississippi River.
All are Mound
Builders
Created large burial
mounds
Huge pyramids
Who were the Kashaya
Pomo?
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Lived in what is
now California.
Made up of large
coastline, rainforest
and desert.
Hunted water birds
for food.
Who were the Kwakiutl?
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Lived on Northwest
Coast.
Food sources were
whales, seals, and
salmon.
Made totem poles
Who were the Pueblo?
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Lived in the dry
Southwest (Arizona
and New Mexico)
Adobe houses
Grew corn and
beans
Who were the Iroquois?
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Lived in the forests
of the Northeast.
Hunted
Fished
Gathered fruits and
nuts
What practices and beliefs
did First Americans have in
common?
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Trade routes
Respected the land a
resource that belongs to
all groups
Clashed with European
idea of private
ownership
Believed in spirits
Kinship-family
Division of labor
What influenced the way of
life in West Africa?
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Timbuktu- center of
trade and learning
New religion of Islam
was brought to Africa
Beginnings of
plantations in Africa by
Portuguese
Led to African slave
trade
Who were the Songhai?
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Strong rulers
Trade across the
Sahara
City of Timbuktu
Extended power
over the grasslands
Who were the Benin?
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Kingdom in the
forests of the
southern coasts of
Africa.
Metalworkers
created great works
of art.
Who were the Kongo?
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Located in Central
Africa.
Rose along the
Congo River.
Small kingdoms
held together by
one ruler.
What was life like in a West
African Kingdom?
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Lived in families
with small villages.
Oldest people had
most influence.
Valued religion
Believed in living
and nonliving things
and creator.
Division of labor.
How were European societies
arranged in the 1400’s?
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Hierarchy (nobles to
peasants)
Nuclear family
(mother, father,
children)
How did the Crusades affect
Europe?
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Crusades- series
of wars between
Christians and
Muslims for the
Holy Land (10961270)
Trade increased
Created the
Reformation
Why did Europeans become
interested in exploration?
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Looking for new routes
to Asia for goods like
silk and spices.
GOLD, GOD, AND
GLORY!
Prince Henry the
Navigator
Dias rounded Africa
Vasco Da Gama
reached India.
What were Christopher
Columbus’s goals?
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Italian sailor for Spain
that wanted to find a
trade route to Asia.
Convert people to
Christianity.
Claim new lands for
Spain.
Landed on island he
called San Salvador
Met people he called
Taino (noble ones)
GOLD GLORY GOD
How did Columbus change
the lives of First
Americans?
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Started plantations
Forced labor of First
Americans
Europeans brought
new weapons
90% were killed by
diseases such as
small pox.
How did Columbus change
the lives of Africans?
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Deaths of American
Indians caused
Spanish to look to
Africa for labor.
Slavery destroyed
African societies
and by the 1800’s
over 12 million
Africans had been
enslaved.
What was the Columbian
Exchange?
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Transfer of goods
between Europe,
Africa, and the
Americas.
There were both
positive and
negative impacts of
this exchange.
What was the Treaty of
Tordesillas?
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Spain and Portugal
divided the Western
Hemisphere for
exploration.
Spain could have
west of line and
Portugal are east of
the line.
What effect did the
movement of people to
the Americas have?
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Other European
countries would bring
settlers to America.
Meeting of three
cultures: First
Americans, Europeans,
and Africans.
Diverse society is
created.