Transcript West Africa: Imperialism, Slavery, and Problems Notes PowerPoint

Friday
February 14th, 2014
Warm Up
• What reasons would people want to explore
space?
• What reasons did Europeans want to leave
Europe in the 1400s-1800s to explore
other parts of the world?
Waldseemüller map - 1507
3 “G’s” of Exploration
• GOD, GOLD AND GLORY
• God – To spread Christianity
• Gold – To find new items to trade and
new markets to trade with
• Glory – to make a name, name places,
adventure!
• Which of the previous do you think was
the largest driving force for explorers?
European’s 1st West Africa Interest
• Discovering water trade routes to Asia.
• Vasco de Gama AD 1497 – sails to India
• West coast of Africa = Gold Coast (originally)
Atlantic Slave Trade
• From 1501-1886 how many Africans were
removed by Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, the
Netherlands, the USA, France and Denmark and
were put into slavery?
• A. 20 million
B. 3.5 million
• C. 12.5 million
D. 85 million
•.
• C: 12,521,336 according to
http://www.slavevoyages.org/tast/assessment/esti
mates.faces
Atlantic Slave Trade
• Which country was responsible for taking
the most slaves?
• A. Great Britain
B. USA
• C. Portugal
D. Spain
•.
• C: Portugal sent 5,848,265 slaves to Brazil
Atlantic Slave Trade
• What percentage of African slaves came to
the United States?
• A. 26%
B. 72% C. 3%
D. 42%
•.
• C: 388,747 slaves came to the U.S. for a
total of 3% of slaves.
Atlantic Slave Trade
• More facts:
• 4.8 million Africans were enslaved in the
Caribbean.
• 2 million Africans died on the Middle
Passage. That is 17% or 1 in 6 died.
Triangular Trade
Quick Check – Triangular Trade
• With your neighbor answer the following
in your notes:
• What left Africa to the Americas?
• What left the Americas to Europe?
• What left Europe to Africa?
Africa – What is up?
• Beginning of Civilization?
• Early strong trading civilizations?
– Ghana, Mali and Songhai
• Natural Resources!!!
• Exploitation by Africans
• Exploitation by Europeans
• Chaotic Structures – politically, socially
• Aids, Genocide, Poverty, and oh yeah,
Exploitation (Oil, Diamonds, Gold, Etc.)
What are
North
Africa’s
main
Natural
Resources?
Where are
the
diamonds?
How many
countries
don’t have
some type
of natural
resource?
Which
countries
have the
most oil
in Africa?
“The White Man’s Burden”
• Concept that was used to justify European Imperialism in the world.
• One view proposes that white people have an obligation to rule
over, and encourage the cultural development of people from other
cultural backgrounds until they can take their place in the world
economically and socially.
• The term "the white man's burden" has been interpreted by some
as racist, or possibly taken as a metaphor for a condescending view
of undeveloped national culture and economic traditions, identified
as a sense of European superiority which has been called "cultural
imperialism".
• An alternative interpretation is the philanthropic view that the rich
have a moral duty and obligation to help "the poor" "better"
themselves whether the poor want the help or not.
Berlin Conference
1884-85
• In 1884 at the request of Portugal, German
•
•
chancellor Otto von Bismark called together the
major western powers of the world to negotiate
questions and end confusion over the control of
Africa.
Fourteen countries were represented by a
plethora of ambassadors when the conference
opened in Berlin on November 15, 1884.
At the time of the conference, 80% of Africa
remained under traditional and local control.
Berlin Conference
1884-85
• What ultimately resulted was a hodgepodge of
•
•
geometric boundaries that originally divided
Africa into fifty irregular countries.
This new map of the continent was
superimposed over the one thousand indigenous
cultures and regions of Africa.
The new countries lacked rhyme or reason and
divided groups of people and merged together
different groups who really did not get along.
Colonial
Africa
c. 1898
Colonial
Africa
c. 1914
What is
going on in
this cartoon?
When African
countries got
their
independence
Problems of Africa?
• In teams of 3-4, discuss which is the
largest cause of problems in Africa:
– Lack of consistent stable governments
– Poor usage of natural resources
– European involvement
– Diseases, poverty and famines
• Rank them in order and write why each
one can cripple Africa’s future success.