Transcript Standardisation – The Business Case

Importance of Standardisation
– The Business Case
DKE 952
Dortmund, 26. August, 2003
Wolfgang Maerz
MCC
[email protected]
The IEC
Founded in 1906, the International Electrotechnical Commission prepares and
publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related
technologies. The Commission’s objectives are to:
meet the requirements of the global market efficiently;
ensure primacy and maximum world-wide use of its standards and conformity
assessment schemes
assess and improve the quality of products and services covered by its
standards
establish the conditions for the interoperability of complex systems
increase the efficiency of industrial processes
contribute to the improvement of human health and safety
contribute to the protection of the environment
WTO and IEC
The World Trade Organisation‘s (WTO)
„Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade“ (TBT)
makes standardization and the
assessment to conformity of standards
an important part of the global trade agenda and
cites the IEC As one of the
major partners to establish standards for trade.
IEC TC 57
Power System Control and associated Communications
TC 57 consists of 24 P-member
and 11 O-member countries
Secretary: Dr Andreas Huber
(Siemens, Germany)
Chairman: Mr Thierry Lefebvre
(EdF, France)
Scope
To prepare international standards for power system control equipment and systems including EMS, SCADA, Distribution Automation, Teleprotection and associated
communications such as power line carrier - used in the planning, operation and
maintenance of electric power systems.
Power systems control comprises control within control centres, RTUs and substations
including telecontrol and interfaces to equipment, systems and databases outside the
scope of TC57.
Standard domain of IEC TC 57
Power Generators
380 / 220 kV and higher
Transmission
Grid Supply
Point
Bulk Supply
Point
Control Centres
110 kV
30 kV
-
Distribution
Primary Distribution
Transmission
Distribution
Energy management
Asset management
Trouble call
etc
10 kV
substations
-
transmission
primary
secondary
etc
Secondary
Distribution
Industrial Distribution
Urban Distribution
Rural Distribution
Power System Communication Architecture
Application Domain
Administrative
Services
Communication
Level
CIM - Common
Communication Profiles
Serial interfaces in
primary equipment
Primary Equipment Distributed Energy
Substation (PES) Resources (DER)
Network Management
CNM
Security
SEC
CFL
DP Fuel cells
DP Photovoltaic
CP
DP Wind turbines
Service Models
SA C/V Transformer
SM
SA Power Transformer
SA SCADA
Object Models
SA Switches
OM
Configuration Language
Power Model
Information Model
Content
From interfaces to architectures
The notion of Communication Interfaces
The development of Communication Interfaces over the time
The evolving of Communication Architectures
The future seamless Communication Architecture
The importance of international standards for
Economy of countries
Multinational vendor corporations
Small-to-medium-sized vendor enterprises
System operators (users)
Energy market participants
From Standards to Business
World Electricity Market – 2,385 Billion €
100%
7,8
90%
6,2
80%
5,4
3,0
1,3
70%
60%
Other
Consumer Electronics
Houshold Appliances
Luminaires & Lamps
911 Billion €
38,2
50%
influences
40%
30%
112 Billion €
4,1
4,7
20%
425 Billion €
17,8
10%
1)
11,5
Medical Systems
Information Technology
and Communications
Car Electric & Electronics
Measuring & Automation
Energy & Installation
Equipment
Components
0%
% share
1) 1999
World Electricity Market – growth rate in %/ a
14 %
Other
12,5
12,0
Consumer Electronics
12 %
Houshold Appliances
10 %
Luminaires & Lamps
8%
technological
drivers active!
5,5
6%
4,5
3,5
4%
2,0
2,5
2,0
2%
influences
0%
old
industry!
% growth/ a
2,5 2,5
Medical Systems
Information Technology
and Communications
Car Electric & Electronics
Measuring & Automation
Energy & Installation
Equipment
Components
1) 1999
1) 1999
1)
Market share of Measurement & Automation
15 % Sensors
& Actors
20 % Other
112 Billion €
World-wide /a
25 % Measurement
& Controls
40 %
Automation
2 % Automation
system operators
influences
2 Billion € /a
1) 1999
1)
Life-Cycle Cost of Automation Systems
1)
Maintenance
25 %
Hard- and Software
10 %
Too many Interfaces
increase the overall cost!
SW Upgrades
30 %
55 %
Don‘t forget!
Engineering
35 %
45 %
1) Automotive industry
Interfaces
Vendor
Product
Fitting together
by standardized
Interfaces
User
Market
Region
Operation
Interfaces telecontrol
Application
Serial Link
Communication
Example IEC 60870-6
• Telecontrol CC-CC TASE.2 (MMS)
Example IEC 60870-5
• Telecontrol -101, -102, -103, -104
Standardisation
• Object model
• Services
• Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7)
Interfaces in substation
Application
Communication
Devices
(IDEs)
Bus
Example IEC 61850
• Substation bus (MMS, ..)
• Process bus
Standardisation
•
•
•
•
Device model
Object model
Services
Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7)
Interfaces in control centre
Components
Control centre
Application Software
External systems
Application Software
(multiple vendors)
CIM
Communication
(legacy systems
with adapter)
IDL
Example IEC 61970, 61968
• Integration Bus (IB)
• Common Information Model (CIM)
Integration Bus
Standardisation
• Object model
• Interfaces of Components
• Communication Stack (CORBA, DCOM, ...)
Evolving of Communication Architectures
Application
Protocol
Objects
Objects
Services
Services
Mapping
Mapping
Protocol
Time
80‘s
IEC 60870-5/101
104 (IP routing)
90‘s
IEC 60870-6/TASE.2 (MMS)
(IP routing)
00‘s
IEC 61850 (MMS, ...)
IEC 61970 (CORBA, ..)
IEC 61968 (CORBA, ..)
Bus Protocols
Object Modelling of IEDs in Substation
Application
Logical Device
Objects
Services
L. Node
(vendor specific)
L. Node
Mapping
Object
Time
00‘s
Bus Protocols
Functional Group
Modelling of real world devices
Virtual device
Real world device
(circuit breaker)
Class_Name
 attribute
 attribute
 ...
 services
 ...
 meta data
(circuit breaker)
mapping
The Importance of Meta Data
$?
Bill 1,000
€?
Future Seamless Communication Architecture
Conventional
Web-based fixed
Web-based mobile
:
anytime
anywhere
a seam
Seamless Definition
• Seamless is defined on the abstract level for
interoperability without data format and service
conversion and does not exclude physical seams at various
system levels if necessary
• A system is seamless if the application layer data model
(objects) and abstract services (ACSI, Abstract
Communication Service Interface) are used throughout
the system within the substation and for telecontrol to
the control centre
• This does not exclude different protocol stacks on
different system levels the objects and services are
mapped to, but the use of the same stack throughout the
system simplifies it and allows potential additional cost
savings.
Seamless Communication Architecture (1)
Control centre with CIM
Web based mobile access
1)
Engineering
Station
UMTS
seamless
coms
:
meta data
configuration data
real-time data
GPS
Network OSI Layer 1-3
(IP)
Substation Host
(with Proxy)
radio
IEC 61850 Substation bus 1)
IED
HV/MV
Equipment
(7/3 layer)
IEC 61850 Process bus
1)
(7/3 layer)
1) substation bus / process bus
can be identical (flat architecture)
1) and emergency system
in case of data network or CC failure
Seamless Communication Architecture (2)
Control centre with CIM
Other possibility with distributed
remote CC front end
internal CC protocol
seamless
coms
:
meta data
configuration data
real-time data
Network OSI Layer 1-3
(IP)
Remote CC
front end
Substation Host
(with Proxy)
IEC 61850 Substation bus 1)
IED
HV/MV
Equipment
(7/3 layer)
IEC 61850 Process bus
1)
(7/3 layer)
1) substation bus / process bus
can be identical (flat architecture)
Communication Stack
API
„Diamonds of SCADA/EMS“
Application
Objects
Services
High life
Definition
> for ever
Mapping
Medium life < 20 years
Technology
Telecontrol & Bus Protocols
IEC 60870-6 TASE.2 (MMS, ...) over IP
IEC 61850-7 Substation Bus (MMS, ...)
IEC 61970 Integration Bus (CORBA, ..)
IEC 61968 Integration Bus (CORBA, ..)
Seamless Objects and Services
Substation: Process
Substation: Station
Control Centre
Application
Application
Application
API
API
API
Objects
May be
the same!
Services
Mapping
Mapping
Mapping
Ethernet
Bus Protocols
Bus Protocols
Bus protocols
IEC 61850-7 Process Bus
(3 layer)
IEC 61850-7 Station Bus
(7 layer)
IEC 61850-7 Station Bus
IEC 60870-6 TASE.2
IEC 61970/61968 Integration Bus / CIM
Seamless with web-based technologies
Web-based Intranet
Web-based mobile
Browser
UMTS
GPS
seamless
coms
Coordinated Communications
Seamless Object Model
Seamless Virtual Communication Services
Independence of Protocol Implementation
Eliminating Gateways and Format Conversions
Reduced cost of implementation
Reduced cost of Maintenance
Reduced cost over the life cycle
Example of seamless physical Architecture
Control
centre
IEC 61850
for
telecontrol
Substation
Host with
Proxy
Engineering
Router
IEC 61850
IEC 61850
Bay #1
Bay
controller
Relay
A
Bay #2
Relay
B
Switch 10 Mbit/s
IEC 61850
Switch 10 Mbit/s
Bay
controller
BUS
Relay
A
Relay
B
Switch 10 Mbit/s
IEC 61850
(flat switched Ethernet network)
Modern
Switchgear
Modern
CT / VT
Same data model, services and protocol mappings
Modern
Switchgear
Modern
CT / VT
Seamless also for
decentralised wind power systems
WIND TURBINE GENERATOR SYSTEMS
IEC 61400 Part 25 - Communications for
monitoring and control of wind power plants
communication based
on IEC 61850 (i.e.
ISO 9506; MMS)
IEC TC 88
http://www.dispowergen.com
IEC TC 57
Coming soon ...
DER Distributed energy resources
.. . decentralized communications for
fuel cells and photo voltaic.
communication based
on IEC 61850 (i.e.
ISO 9506; MMS)
IEC TC 57
Need for a Security Framework
Subsidiary #1
System Operator Electricity
#2
Generation
Public
Telecoms
+
Internet
?
#3
System Operator Gas
Corporate
Network
#4
#5
#n
World
Process
Net
External
Process
Net
Holding
?
Other
System Operators
Vision: Convergence and Seamless Control
Convergence
Services
Networks
Multimedia
Applications
Terminals
Seamless
Information
Technologies
&
Communications
Seamless Control
Objects
Services
Platforms
Control
bang
How the economies of countries benefit
from international standardisation
- the national macro economic view -
International standardisation leads to cost savings of
about 1 % of the gross national product (GNP) 1). This
results to world-wide savings of about
20 Million € of the EMS/SCADA market (2 Billion €)
24 Billion € of the electricity product market (2,385 Billion €)
The impact of International Standardization on the economy
is greater then of those of patents and licences 1)
Standardisation leads to technology transfer between
vendors
In the Standardisation process vendors learn of the
requirements of users
1) Research result (DIN Berlin, TU Dresden, FhG-ISI Karlsruhe), Germany, 2000
How multinational
vendor corporations benefit from
international standardisation
- the global micro economic view -
Since the middle of the 20th century, growth rates in
international trade and investment have exceeded
those of domestic economies.
Innovative vendors gain more than 50 % of there sales with
products < 5 years old and need standards for it
From this follows that standards must keep up with the
pace of innovation
Standardisation helps vendors to enter foreign markets
and profit from it.
Developing anticipatory intelligence:
You can acquire information that
enables you to anticipate, before
other stakeholders, circumstances
that have not yet widely manifested
themselves.
Using customer networks:
You can identify consumer needs
and conceive new products through
networking with user representatives
on standards committees and this may
enhance the market success of new
products.
Saving time and money:
One of the goals of standardization is to
make design and manufacturing simpler,
cleaner, surer.
By using standards, you don’t need to
reinvent the wheel every time. Instead, you
can focus your efforts on adding something
new to the wheel – something that will improve
the quality of life and that will contribute to
technological progress.
Knowledge about standardization helps to
research and invest in the right technology
Improving safety and quality:
Nobody today can pretend to know all
there is about a certain technology.
Within IEC working groups you will
encounter ideas some of which will be new
and valuable, others which may help you to
avoid making costly mistakes.
ABB
Using IEC international standards saves
us time and money in our multi-million
dollar transfer of technology project with
Indian Railways.
Without IEC standards this project
could not have been attempted.
Christian Vetterli
Technology Transfer Project Head
Siemens
If customers don’t see the IEC present in the
product, Siemens must justify why. The IEC has made
globalization possible for Siemens ...
Without IEC standards, prices for
Siemens products would be much higher as they would
have to adapt to different national requirements around
the world.
Gerhard Goller
Head of Global Operations for High-Voltage Switchgear
Vendors move to the markets
One world
One technology
One standard
IEC 61850 (substation bus & process bus & telecontrol) for
Electricity nets communications
Windmill turbines communications
Coming soon ... fuel cells communications
How small-to-medium-sized
vendor enterprises benefit from
international standardisation
- the global micro economic view -
Since the middle of the 20th century, growth rates in
international trade and investment have exceeded
those of domestic economies.
Standardisation helps SMEs to enter foreign markets
and profit from it.
It is the received view that SMEs in
technology-intensive industries have little
possibility of setting either de jure or de
facto standards.
While there may be far fewer de facto
standards set by SMEs, nevertheless SMEs
have important incentives for participating in
international standardization. These incentives
have to do with very important benefits
related to strategic marketing advantages.
Many new SMEs - particularly the high-tech or
internet-related ones - are international right from the
beginning, yet these companies often experience
substantial problems and high failure rates when trying to
penetrate foreign markets.
SMEs must address this from the beginning. One
strategy they can use to penetrate successfully is being
involved in international standardization.
SMEs are able to provide third party equipment to
systems of big vendors using standardized interfaces
SMEs can act as suppliers of big manufactures
SMEs mostly gain from technology transfer
How System Operators benefit
from international standardisation
ROI driven System Operators
Products
Construction
Services
standards
SCADA/EMS
& Control Systems
Vendors
requirements
AssetManagement
(ROI)
Operation
Engineering
Power
System
Control
Sales (fee of net and system services use)
Market rules and codes
Regulation
Market
Participants
System services
Balancing
Metering
Settlement
Net
Customers
Fee comparison with other SOs
Open standardized architectures substantially reduce
installation time and cost and allow equipment from
multiple vendors within one system.
Answer: Standard support of
System integration
Interfaces.
Approximately 55 % of the installed cost of utility
control systems are associated with system
configuration and integration over the life cycle
Answer: Standard support of
System migration
Configuration
Maintenance
Conformance tests.
How market participants
benefit from international standardisation
Electronic business language
The function of the liberalized energy market with many
market participants and more than
1 million transactions per day 1)
in Europe relies heavily on electronic communication
Answer: Standard support of
Electronic business communication based on ebXML, Wb Services
Energy market specific business language
True B2B (not over mail boxes and folders)
High security and performance.
Modelling is a regional issue (Europe: ETSO, EFET, ..)
1) Study of the EU, 2001