Transcript Document

Integrated Access Solutions
- Digital Darkhorses Jang-Rai Roh
Product Planning
www.tellion.com
1
Definition
Convergence with voice (, video)
and data on a common transport
from the users’ premises to service
providers
Higher performance
w/lower cost
Last mile
Access barriers
Access Networks
POP
CO/POP
Lower cost
w/higher performance
Access
Loop
First mile
Access barriers
Core
Network
2
I Will Talk About…

A variety of protocols and media…
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Trends/Opportunities in Access Networks
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

To reduce the technology risk of the transition from a
circuit-oriented to an emerging data centric
Technical issues
Technical and market trends
Market Migration toward Integrated Access
Networks

To support integration of IP, ATM and lambda in
economic manner
3
Issues of Integrated Access

Mismatch of access networks with current
requirements


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Cost competition of the access networks

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Lack of bandwidth
Lack of installation, use and maintenance
To secure economic feasibility
Performance/architectural competition of the access
networks

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To make optimal for differentiated services
To change into more economic architectures, interfaces, protocols
for IP-centric access networks
But, too many candidates being available…
4
Integrated Access Alternatives
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Existing copper
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Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC)
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RF shared, FTTx
FTTx
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DSL
ATM or packet mode
FTTH/FTTC/FTTB/FTTO/FTTD
TDM, ATM or IP/Ethernet
Wireless
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Fixed or mobile
PTP or PTMP
Hybrid wire & wireless
5
xDSL
6
xDSL Technologies
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ADSL
VDSL
SDSL/SHDSL
Others
7
Issues in xDSL
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CPE auto-configuration, retail availability
Automatic loop qualification
End-to-End flow through provisioing
Interoperability
Voice over DSL
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Short-term migration
Long-term migration
8
OpenDSL

Open, plug-and-play architecture for the automated
configuration of DSL CPE
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Proxy element function architecture
OpenDSL CPE architecture
Proxy Element Function
DSL CPE
Local Data Share
MIB
Instrumentation
Default Context
Instrumentation
MMI Context
SNMP
Proxy
Command Modification
Applications Responder Originator Forwarder
MMI
SNMP Engine
Transports
ADSL/SDSL
CPE
Configuration
MIB
Modem Context
DSL
CPE
EMS
SNMP
Command
Applications Responder
MMI Context
Modification
Originator
MMI
SNMP Engine
AAL5
Transports
UDP
IDSL
CPE
9
VoDSL : Today & Tomorrow

Short-term architecture

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Broadband loop emulation service using AAL2
Architecture

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AAL2 enabled CPE
DSLAM providing ATM cell multiplexing
VoDSL gateway
Long-term architecture

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Converging data and voice over IP
Architecture
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VoDSL gateway would be integrated into the DSLAM
New signaling and control switching used by Media Gateway Control
Protocol and MEGACOP/H.248
10
Issues in xDSL

ADSL Issues
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Self-configuration
Installation and maintenance
Performance issues
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Warm/fast restart, Quiescent mode
Dynamic rate adaptation, Out of service testing
Revised/expanded bit swapping, Clip scaling
RFI ingress/egress, Concatenated convolutional code
VDSL issues
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Line codes, Spectral compatibility
Backward interoperability with ADSL
Positioning
11
xDSL Standardization
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ADSL-Forum
FSAN
ITU-T
ANSI
ETSI
VDSL Coalition
VDSL Alliance
OpenDSL
12
Convergence Issues
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VoDSL
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Smart & intelligent DSLAM
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DSL VoB(Voice over Broadband) and VoIP
BLES architecture
AAL2 for voice packetizing fine for today, not for tomorrow
Embedded access server
Optical networking
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Optical UNI
MPLS based signaling & control
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Converging connection-based forwarding techniques & IP routing
protocols
13
HFC
14
Cable Networks
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Infrastructure
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Transport
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Analog, Digital
Cable Modems
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QAM, FEC, MPEG-2, QPSK, Ingress
Set Top Box
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CATV, HFC, FTTC, SDV
Telephony, Return Channel
Standards & Projects
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DOCSISTM, OpenCableTM, PacketCableTM, ICNA
CableHome Spec. released in 00Q1
15
Issues in the Cable Networks
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QoS: One HFC Network, Multiple Revenue
Streams
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Subscriber management and Billing
Requirements for Advanced Cable Services
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Converging voice, data and video; VoB
Contents delivery and intelligent provisioning
Advanced Transport Architectures:
Sustaining the Broadband Performance Edge
and Access
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Fiber-rich and WDM architecture
16
Cable Transport Networks
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Multi-service access for multiple revenue streams
• MPLS is:
- An extention of IP
- A media independent replacement for ATM signaling
- A new control plane for non-packet capable devices
17
Cable Transport Network
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Opportunities beyond best-effort data services
Point of Convergence
TDM
ATM
POS
MPLS
18
Advanced Transport Architectures
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Forward path designs
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1310nm/1550nm distributed feed
13010nm/1550nm ring
1550nm with EDFA Amp
1310nm/1550 nm with 1310nm repeat
Broadcast with CWDM
Return path designs
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TDM return path transmitter to return path receiver repeat
TDM utilizing DWDM
19
Cable Standardization
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CableLabs
ANSI/SCTE
20
OpenCableTM
Point Of Deployment
Conditional
Access
System
Internet
Content
DOCSIS
Video
Content Analog,
MPEG-2
Other
Content
POD
Module(s)
Dolby
AC-3
Headend
OpenCable
QAM64/256 Device
NTSC RF
Baseband Audio/Video
IEEE 1394
Compatible
Devices
QPSK
Other
Headend
Other
Devices
Cable Network
860MHz
21
PacketCableTM

PacketCable 1.0/1.2 Architecture
PacketCable Domain
PacketCable Zone
PacketCable Domain
CMTS
CMS
Border
Proxy
PacketCable Zone
MTA
MTA
MSO
Backbone
HFC CMTS
(DOCSIS)
HFC
CMTS
HFC MTA
Border
Gateway
CMS
Border
Proxy
MSO
Backbone
Border
Gateway
MANAGED IP
InterProvider
NETWORK
HFC MTA
PacketCable Zone
Border
Gateway
PSTN
CMTS
CMS
Border
Proxy
CMTS
HFC MTA
MSO
Backbone
Meidia
Gateway
CMTS
HFC MTA
22
HFC Alliance
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Management and Control Interoperability Alliance
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To specify a robust protocol suite to support cost effective interoperability of
management systems for evolving HFC networks
SCTE Engineering subcommittees
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DSS: Data Standards
CAP: Cable Applications Platform
DVS: Digital Video
HMS: Hybrid Management
IPS: Interface Practices and In-Home Cabling
EAS: Emergency Alert System
NES: National Electrical Safety
CMS: Construction and Maintenance
MMS: Material and Management
23
Ethernet
24
Ethernet Issues
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Ethernet in the Last Mile
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Extends the reach of Ethernet
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Local loop up to 1Km or 1.5Km
Shared media to star-wired topology w/full duplex links
Picture of end-to-end Ethernet
Reduces cost
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Eliminating protocol conversions
High volume of Ethernet components
Broad knowledge base and labour pool
(unit: per Mbps)
Categories
IP/ATM/SONET
IP/SONET
IP/Ethernet
Electronics
$8K-$40K
$6K-$35K
$2K-$6K
Labor
$5K
$5K
$2K
Cost metrics for IP over various protocols
Source: Nortel Networks, Aug. 2000
25
Ethernet Issues
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Ethernet To The Subscribers
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Converging data, voice and video(up to HDTV resolutions) over IP
End to end Ethernet
L3 SW
L3 SW
GbE
L3 SW
GbE
(Ultra)Long-haul Core Metro Core
GbE
Edge/Access Gateway
Premises
Ethernet
(10/100BASE)
MAC
XGMII
We want …
unified LAN/WAN PMDs
WAN PHY
LAN PHY
Universal PMD Interface
Serial
PMD
CWDM
PMD
Other
PMD
26
Ethernet Issues
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GigE/10GigE or SONET/SDH ?
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Infrastructure issues
 A seamless extension of the LAN into the WAN
Cost issues
 Cost per port and labor cost saving due to the native protocol
of data services for the internet
Revenue issues
 Competitive price vs performance
Management issues
 Shorter time to provision
Topology issues
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Ring, Bus, Mesh
PON
27
Ethernet Issues
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Ethernet WAN standard
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Inband management like SONET/SDH
Remote loopback like DSU/CSU
Built in BER management objects
Restoration and protection
Topology agnostic
SP administered VLAN tags
Granular bandwidth for subrate provisioning
Traffic management and classification
Discard eligible for over subscription
Full duplex only
SONET/SDH friendly
28
Ethernet End Point Functions
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CO/POP
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WAN connectivity to backbone, Traffic concentration
Offloads, Management interface for access loop
CPE
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Manageable edge access, Demarcation point
Traffic grooming and service Provisioning
Access Networks
First mile
Access barriers
Customer
Demarcation
Premises
Equipments point
CO/POP
Access
Loop
Last mile
Access barriers
POP
Core
Network
29
10 Gigabit Ethernet
Upper Layers
MAC Control(optional)
• 802.3 MAC
• Packet Length Indication
Media Access Control(MAC)
Reconciliation
LAN PHY
•PCS(8B/10B or SLP)
WAN PHY
Physical Coding Sublayer(PCS)
Physical Coding Sublayer(PCS)
Physical Medium Attachment(PMA)
Physical Medium Attachment(PMA)
Physical Medium Dependent(PMD)
Physical Medium Dependent(PMD)
• 10GBASE-LX
• Optics
• Clock recovery
Medium
Medium
• Frame Encapsulation
• Scrambler
• SONET-style Framing
• SerDes
• 10GBASE-R(SR, LR, ER)
• 10GBASE-W(SW, LW, EW)
• Medium Type
- Short Wavelength(850nm)
- Long Wavelength(1310nm)
- Extra Long Wavelength(1550nm)
• Coding Scheme
- X : LAN(8B/10B)
- R : LAN/WAN(64B/66B)
- W : WAN(SONET Encapsulated)
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Gigabit Applications
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Gigabit Internet To The School/Home
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Very Sparse Mode architecture
Wireless internet
- MMDS
- LMDS
www.canet3.net
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Gigabit Applications
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Gigabit Internet To The School/Home
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Sparse Mode architecture
www.canet3.net
32
Gigabit Applications
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Gigabit Internet To The School/Home
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GITH Dense Mode architecture
Hybrid WDM/TDMA
Packet-aware PON
Pedestal router
www.canet3.net
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GbE/10GbE Standardization
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IEEE802
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IETF
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IPoPTR; IP over packet transport rings
T1X1.5 Optical Hierarchical Interfaces
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IEEE P802.3ae
RPR SG; Resilient packet ring
T1X1.5/99-038 IEEE802.3 MAC frames to SONET payload
Generic format…carrying Ethernet MAC frames over SONET
OIF

OIF99.138 Generic format…carrying Ethernet MAC frames over
SONET(T1X1.5/99-268 )
34
Optical Access: FTTx
35
Optical Access Technologies
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Small Business and Residential
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Mid-size Business
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Ethernet/HPNA/xDSL-based access
Last mile issues
Ethernet/xDSL-based access
Last mile & first mile issues
Enterprises and Large Business
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10/100/Gigabit/10G Ethernet-based access
First mile issues: metro access based on Ethernet
native LAN interfaces
36
Issues in Optical Access
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Subscriber Loop
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PON(TDM, WDM, Packet)
Multi-service access
Access Concentrator + Router (L2/L3)
Metro Access
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Optical networking(SDH, WDM)
Optical edge
IP/SDH, IP/WDM, IP/GbE
MPLS enabler
37
The layer architecture in PON
FSAN/ITU-T Solution
ODN
ONT
VC
VP
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
OLT
ATM-PON/TDMA
DWDM-PON
Trail* in PON physical layer
OLT
TDMA PON
1310nm
Burstmode
Receiver
OLT
DWDM PON
Multi-WL
Laser(s)
DWDM
Receiver
Array
ONT
1550nm Downstream
1550nm
DFB Laser
1310nm Upstream
1xN
Passive
Optical
Power
Splitter
15xxnm
.
.
.
1310nm
Receiver
Laser
ONT
1
1,2,…, 16
1xN
AWG
Upstream
Receiver
Laser
Downstream
17,18,…, 32
Tc trail or (T-CONT)
.
.
.
Receiver
Laser
17
16
Receiver
Laser
32
38
Ethernet PON
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Optical IP/Ethernet for FTTH, FTTC and FTTB networks
Upstream multiple access protocol can be extended 10GbE
Last mile MAC: TDMA or Other(CSMA/CD?)
IP efficiency is good!
CO/POP
1
Upstream
Multiple
Access Protocol
1
2
3
4
2
N
…
OLT
3
Optical
Network
Unit
Routing,
Swithcing,
Firewall, etc.
4
.
.
.
F(encryption, management, signaling control,
etc.)
passive
splitter
N
39
PONs : Today & Tomorrow
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Line rate: 155Mbps
BW mgt : static-> DBA
WL : CWDM
QoS : ATM
Split : 32
Distance : 20Km
APS : Unprotected
A
A B C
B
OLT
CO/POP
ONT-A
C
ONT-C
TDMA-based
ATN-PON
P1
P1 P2 P3
CO/POP
C
B
CSMA/CD-based
Packet-PON
WDMA-based
WDM-PON
P3
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
P1
ONT-B
ONT-C
P2
P3
Line rate: nxGigabit
BW mgt : dynamic
WL : DWDM
QoS : ATM & IP
Split : > 64
Distance : > 20Km
APS : Protected/Unprotected
1
1 2 3
ONT-A
2
OLT
CO/POP
ONT-A
P2
OLT
A
ONT-B
Line rate: Gigabit
BW mgt : dynamic
WL : CWDM/DWDM
QoS : ATM & IP
Split : > 64
Distance : > 20Km
APS : Protected/Unprotected
3
1
ONT-B
ONT-C
2
3
40
Future Integration with OTNs

Connection-oriented + Connectionless


Service convergence



IP/ATM, IP/PPP/HDLC/SDH, IP/SDL/SDH, IP/WDM
TDM + ATM + IP
Voice migration
Edge to Edge

MPLS, Optical networking
IP Edge
Multi-service Access
Adaptation & Encapsulation
Optical Access
Optical Edge
41
Future Integration with OTNs


Case Study: NGI ONRAMP; A
Testbed in Boston area
Access node architecture

“Big fat router”


smaller router with optical
switching
Lightpaths carry IP traffic

Optical
LAN
Gateway
node
huge router terminating WDM
Router + O-ADM (SRSO)


Backbone
network
Feeder
network
Optical
LAN
Access
node
access node to gateway without
intermediate routers
Distribution
networks
IP Router
Optical ADM
WDM
IP Router
WDM
42
Future Integration with OTNs



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Opto-Electronics
Short-Haul Multichannel
Optical Channel Management
Digital Wrapper
DPRINGs vs. SPRINGs
ASON
MPL(Label and Lambda)S
43
Standardization






ITU-T
IETF
ODSI
OIF
FSAN
IEEE
44
Wireless
45
Wireless Technologies

Fixed wireless access

MMDS





LMDS




Operation in 2.1 to 2.7 GHz RF
Data rates up to 10Mbps
Up to 35-mile range
Non LOS requirements
Operation in 24 GHz, 28GHz, 31GHz, 38GHz and 40GHz RF
Data rates up to 155Mbps with 2-mile ranges
LOS operation
Multiple access technologies & duplex methods



TDMA/FDD, FDMA/TDD, TDMA/TDD
OFDM, VOFDM
CDMA/FDD
46
Issues in Wireless Access



Converging data, voice and video
Data over open air interface
QoS control & LOS


Upstream operation
 Robust burst-mode demodulation in severe time-varying
and/or delay spread environments
 Higher spectral efficiency
Downstream operation
 High delay spread and time varying environments
 Dual antenna capability at lower complexity for interference
cancellation
47
Standardization

OFDM Forum




Wireless DSL Consortium



11GHz
Fixed Wireless Access, Road Wireless Access, Wireless LAN
Resolving shortage of CDMA
 Short-link distance, CoS, Antenna limitations
2~4GHz BWA (PTMPT)
DOCSIS-based MAC, TDMA/FDD
BWIF (Broadband Wireless Internet Forum)


Vector OFDM
 Pros : Burst-mode demodulation, Higher spectral efficiency
 Cons :Power amplifier back-off, Phase noise
DOCSIS-based MAC
48
Wrap-up
49
Conclusion


It’s time to bring broadband home and wire-speed
first mile…
Bandwidth is no longer a scarce resource, just in a
view of access technolgy


Problem solving approach for enforcing QoS to customers can be
changed
‘IP-centric provisioning on the optical access
networks’ is an emerging success factor…


ATM’s lack of acceptance among the new generation service
providers
Standard QoS mechanism for IP will soon emerge…?
50