Transcript No Slide Title

CDMA2000: An Overview of Trends, Drivers, and
the State of 3G Technology
Orange County IEEE ComSig
February 12, 2002
www.cdg.org
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Contents
Introducing the CDG
Overview of cdmaOne™
Drivers and Considerations in Deploying 3G
Current State of 3G Deployment
Concluding Remarks
www.cdg.org
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Introducing the CDG
www.cdg.org
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Charter
To lead the rapid evolution and deployment of
CDMA-based systems, based on open standards
and encompassing all core architectures, to meet
the needs of markets around the world in an
emerging, information-intensive environment
Information
Distribution
Conferences
Newsletter
Website
Etc.
www.cdg.org
Technical Service
Development
Wireless Local Loop
Advanced Systems
Evolution
Etc.
Deployment
Assistance
Time-to-Market
Int’l Roaming
Interoperability
Etc.
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Interactions with Other Organizations
Market Representation Partner (MRP) of Third Generation Partnership
Project - 2 (3GPP2)
Member of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
Member of the Operator Harmonization Group (OHG)
Strategic alliance with the Association of Telecommunications
Enterprises of the Andean Community (ASETA) (Latin America)
Member of the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet
Association (CTIA)
Member of CITEL (Latin America)
Active with government entities (e.g., China, Korea, Japan, Latin
America, U.S., etc.)
Liaison to WAP Forum
www.cdg.org
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Membership
The CDG is a consortium of 115 member companies from
around the world. Members are involved in many aspects
of CDMA system deployment and support.
www.cdg.org
Operators
Subscriber
Equipment
Components
and
Subsystems
Network
Infrastructure
Network
Enhancement/
Optimization
Network
Interface &
Access
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CDG Membership
3G Cellular, Inc.
AAPT Communications
Access Systems America
Acer Communications
Acterna
Airbiquity, Inc.
AirPrime Inc.
Airvana Inc.
ALLTEL
Alpine Electronics
Angola Telecom
Anritsu
AnyData Corp.
ArrayCom
Audiovox Communications
www.cdg.org
Bell Mobility
BellSouth International
Celletra Ltd.
China Unicom
CIBERNET Corp.
COM DEV Wireless
CommWorks Corp.
Compaq Computer
Corporation
Comverse
Conductus, Inc.
CTIA
Denso International
Ditrans Corporation
Ericsson, Inc.
ETRI
Fujitsu Network
Gemplus Corp.
Giga Telecom Inc.
Glenayre Electronics
Grayson Wireless
GTRAN, Inc.
Himachal Futuristic
Communications Ltd.
Hitachi Telecom (USA)
Hutchison Telecom (HK)
Hyundai CURITEL, Inc.
InnovICs
ISCO
IUSACELL
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CDG Membership (continued)
KDDI
Komunikasi Selular Indonesia
Korea Telecom Freetel, Inc.
Kyocera Corporation
Leap
LG Electronics, Inc.
LG Telecom, Ltd.
LinkAir Communications, Inc.
Logica
LSI Logic
Lucent Technologies, Inc.
MTNL
Metapath Software Int’l
Metawave Communications
www.cdg.org
Motorola
Nextel Communications
Nokia Corporation
Nortel Networks
Novatel Wireless
Openwave
Operadora Unefon
Pacific Bangladesh
Telecom Ltd.
ParkerVision, Inc.
Pegaso PCS
Pele-Phone Communications
Pixo
QUALCOMM, Inc.
QuickSilver Technology
Qwest
Racal Instruments
Reliance Infocom Limited
Repeater Technologies
Research In Motion
Rhode & Schwarz
RITT
Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
Sanyo Fisher Company
Schema Ltd.
SchlumbergerSema
ScoreBoard, Inc.
Sharp Labs of America
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CDG Membership (continued)
Shinsegi Telecom, Inc.
Shyam Telelink Limited
Sierra Wireless, Inc.
SignalSoft Corp.
SK Telecom
SmartServ Online, Inc.
SmartTrust
Sony Electronics
Spirent Communications
Sprint PCS
Starent Networks Corporation
Synertek, Inc.
Tahoe Networks
Tantivy Communications, Inc.
Tata Teleservices Ltd.
www.cdg.org
TDK Corporation
Telecom Mobile Limited
Telespree Communications
Tellus Technology, Inc.
Telstra Corporation Ltd.
Telus Mobility Cellular, Inc.
Texas Instruments
U.S. Cellular
Verizon Wireless
WaterCove Networks
Western Wireless
Wherify Wireless
Willtech, Inc.
Winphoria Networks, Inc.
Wireless Test Systems
ZTE Corporation
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Fundamental principles of the CDG
Activities and requirements driven by the operators
•
Ensures standards and systems meet market need
Operators and manufacturers work closely together
Maintain flexibility to quickly respond to operator needs
Keep close relationships with standards organizations and other
industry associations
•
www.cdg.org
Facilitates standards development and implementation
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Technical initiatives
Teams formed by Executive Board
Active technical teams:
•
•
•
•
www.cdg.org
Evolution/3G
System Test
Wireless Local Loop (WLL)
Mobile Station Certification
•
•
•
Over-the-Air Activation (OTA)
Handset Management
International Roaming
Interoperability Specification (IOS)
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Applications initiative
Purpose is to ensure CDMA and the industry address the evolution
toward an applications-focused wireless market
•
Complement existing industry and company initiatives
Program has three main components:
Technology
Address technical aspects of
deploying applications on
CDMA, including:
• Interoperability
• New capabilities
• Etc.
www.cdg.org
Membership
Grow and evolve the membership
to ensure the organization has
the composition to address what
needs to be done (technically,
business, etc.).
• Applications providers
• Platform providers
• Content providers
Marketing and
Promotion
Promote capabilities and other
information relevant to
developers. Promote what is
being deployed on CDMA and
impact on use.
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Marketing, promotions, and education
Includes the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
www.cdg.org
Website (for public promotion and members’ Intranet)
Public relations/press/media
Publications (contributed articles, member newsletter)
E-mail blasts on CDMA worldwide status
Conferences and forums
Platform presentations
Webcasts
Brochures, position papers, advertorials, advertisements
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Overview of cdmaOne
www.cdg.org
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What is cdmaOne?
IS-634
IS-95
Public Wired
Phone Network
(PSTN)
“A”
Switch
Mobile Stations
IS-98
Base Stations
Controller
Base Stations
IS-97
cdmaOne is:

A global technology designator for
IS-95 based CDMA systems

A term representing the entire wireless system and
specifications (e.g., air interface, network interfaces)

The CDMA technology deployed in mobile wireless
systems today
www.cdg.org
Wireline
Telephone
IS-41
IS-124
WIN
Other Cellular
Switches
Intelligent Add-On
Functions and
Databases
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How is cdmaOne being used today?
Like other technologies, voice remains a key driver for CDMA use
•
•
Operators are expanding on voice with new capabilities, e.g.:
– Voice command
– Voice portal
– Integrated offers
In addition, there continues to be innovation in vocoder technology (I.e.,
selectable mode vocoder)
Today CDMA operators are also providing wireless Internet and data,
and will build on this with CDMA2000
Locationbased
Local Events
Weather
Restaurants
www.cdg.org
Personal
PIM
Personal
Home Page
News &
Finance
Photos
M-Commerce
Shopping
Stock Trading
Banking
News &
Publications
Entertainment
Movie Listings
Tickets
Sports
Gaming
Music
Enterprise
Email
Calendar
Enterprise
Apps
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What is cdmaOne presence in the market?
Approximately 112 million subscribers at the end of 2001
• North America represents the largest base of subscribers
• Asia Pacific is second highest region; China expected to contribute significantly in the
next couple of years
• Latin America continues to be a strong growth region
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www.cdg.org
Note: prior to March 1998 the Caribbean and Mexico are included in North America; after March 1998 they are included in Caribbean & Latin America
Drivers and Considerations
in Deploying 3G
www.cdg.org
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A number of factors are driving the wireless
Internet and wireless information...
Societal trends
• Emerging computer literate society
• Increasing travel and mobility
• Desire for entertainment
• Need for enhanced productivity
Technology enablers
• High speed, cost effective mobile
systems
• Integrated multimedia applications
• Small, powerful, application-rich user
devices
Market trends
• Rapid growth in mobile
• Rapid Internet adoption
• Accelerating pace of electronic
commerce (aka M-commerce)
• Rapid growth of portable and palmtop
computers
www.cdg.org
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…enabling exciting vertical and horizontal
applications
Enterprise Workgroup
Mobile Professional
Consumer
• Specific IT Applications
• Business General
• Personal Interest
• Business Verticals
• Horizontal Business
• Horizontal Consumer
• Group Chat, Email, Instant
Messaging
• Internet / Intranet
• Internet
• Email, Chat, Instant
Messaging
• Entertainment, Infotainment,
Lottery, Sports
• Personal Information
Management
• Navigation, Map Search
• Wide Area Intranet
• Mobile Workforce
Management (dispatch),
Telematics
• Electronic Cash
Commerce)
(M-
Weather, Travel, News, Gaming, Stock Quotes
www.cdg.org
Email, Intranet Access, Legacy Applications
Access, Vertical Applications
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Data indicates that this convergence is creating
enormous opportunity for the wireless industry
Wireless Data Users
Worldwide Wireless Subscribers
Millions
Millions
1,800
1,200
1,600
1,000
1,400
800
1,200
1,000
600
800
400
600
400
200
200
0
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Source: The ARC Group, Wireless Internet Report, 2000
www.cdg.org
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Source: EMC Database, 2001
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Certain factors are important in a 3G solution
Solutions that are globally recognized and meet adopted, international
standards
Solutions that work, enable quick time-to-market and meet industry
expectations
Spectrum flexibility, efficiency and cost
Seamless and cost effective migration from today’s systems
Broad range of competitively priced devices for end users
(consumers, enterprises)
Broad range of applications for end users
This section addresses each of
these success factors
www.cdg.org
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The ITU formed the IMT-2000 program to
coordinate standards to meet 3G needs
IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces
IMT-2000
CDMA
Direct Spread
IMT-2000
CDMA
Multi-Carrier
IMT-2000
CDMA
TDD
IMT-2000
TDMA
Single Carrier
IMT-2000
FDMA/
TDMA
WCDMA
(UMTS)
CDMA2000
UTRA TDD &
TD-SCDMA
UWC-136/
EDGE
DECT
3G CDMA
Although there are five terrestrial standards, most of the attention
and energy in the industry has been toward the CDMA standards
www.cdg.org
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WCDMA and CDMA2000
What are some of the similarities and differences?
Minimum channel
bandwidth
Spectrum Deployment
Speeds
Technical parameters
Overall capacity
Technology starting point
Migration considerations
Suppliers
Commercial status
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000
1.25 MHz
WCDMA
5 MHz
Existing bands, IMT band
144 kbps (mobile) – Per ITU standard
60 kbps-100 kbps – Per experience
(1X)
Similar, with exception of a few (e.g.,
chip rate, type of synchronization)
Comparable
Most current commercial networks are
from cdmaOne. One network from
NMT. Two TDMA operators have
announced CDMA2000 plans.
Uses ANSI-41 network with packet
data node, as with cdmaOne. Can be
deployed by GSM operator via IS-833.
Next step defined by CDMA2000
1xEV
IMT band
144 kbps (mobile) – Per ITU standard
64 kbps – Per experience (in Japan)
Many
Commercial (Eleven networks)
Similar, with exception of a few (e.g.,
chip rate, type of synchronization)
Comparable
Most, if not all, GSM operators will
deploy. Some TDMA operators have
announced (e.g., AT&T Wireless).
Requires evolution to GPRS (with
separate packet data network).
TDMA operators also need GSM
network for voice. Japan is exception
– Uses PDC network standard.
Next step being defined by HSDPA.
Many
Commercial (One network)
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Spectrum flexibility is a key consideration for any
technology
CDMA2000 3G services operate in a small amount of spectrum
•
•
Effective use of spectrum, significant to all operators
Effective both in overlay or greenfield deployments
Current Spectrum
CDMA2000 is defined
to operate in existing
and IMT spectrum:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
450 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1700 MHz
1800 MHz
1900 MHz
2100 MHz
ANSI-41
Based
Systems
GSM-MAP
Based
Systems
Or New Spectrum
Analog
Analog
1x
1x
1x
1x
cdmaOne
cdmaOne
1x
1x
1x
1x
TDMA
TDMA
1x
1x
1x
1x
1x
GSM/GPRS
GSM
or GSM/GPRS
1x
1x
1x
5 MHz
www.cdg.org
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What is the CDMA2000 evolution path?
CDMA2000 is a solution for all operators, regardless of technology starting point
www.cdg.org
• Voice
• Voice
• Data up to
14.4 kbps
• Data up to
115 kbps
• 2x increases in
voice capacity
• Optimized, very high-speed
data, aka DO
• Up to 307 kbps* packet
data on a single (1.25
MHz) carrier
• Up to 2.4 Mbps* packet data
on a single (1.25 MHz) carrier
• First 3G system for any
technology worldwide
• Integrated voice and data, up
to 4.8 Mbps, aka DV
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*downlink
What is the CDMA2000 network architecture?
Is quite clean, and does not require a parallel network. Uses the same
core network standard as TDMA and AMPS.
Cell
Phones
HLR/AUC
PSTN
MSC
Smartphones
and PDAs
IS634
BSC
R-P
Core
Elements
AAA
Server
PSDN
IWF
Laptops with
Cell Phones
Internet
IP Router
www.cdg.org
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GSM operators can also migrate to CDMA2000
GSM carriers can use CDMA2000 1X-MAP (IS-833)
•
•
•
1X-MAP (IS-833) applies the CDMA2000 radio interface to GSM-MAP
networks
– Allows GSM operators to retain international roaming capability
1X-MAP is an ITU standard, developed by 3GPP2 with support from 3GPP
3GPP also included changes in Release 99 for 1X-MAP support
CDMA2000 for GSM:
•
www.cdg.org
CDMA2000 1X-MAP (IS-833)
– CDMA2000 1X lower layers using GSM signaling
Developed by
3GPP2 with support
from 3GPP
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A look at expected pricing for handsets
WCDMA*
$1200
GPRS
$1000
WCDMA handsets capable of peak
data rates of 2 Mbps (stationary)
CDMA2000 1X
* Mid Tier and Entry Level
WCDMA handsets are not
expected to be commercially
available in volume until 2004
Notes:
1. Average Q4 wholesale pricing for
CDMA2000 is based on 300,000 unit
shipments.
2. WCDMA pricing is based on smaller
volume shipments since Gartner does
not expect volume order for WCDMA
until after 2003.
3. WCDMA pricing represents single
mode 2.1 GHz and multimode dual
band terminals for W. Europe and
Asia.
4. GSM/GPRS pricing represents 900
MHz and 900/800 MHz terminals for W.
Europe and Asia, plus GSM 1900 MHz
terminals for N. America.
5. CDMA2000 1X pricing represents 800
MHz and 1.9 GHz, single mode, dual
mode and tri-mode handsets for Asia
and N. America.
$800
$600
High Tier
$400
GPRS handsets capable of peak data
rates of 19.2 kbps to 38.4 kbps
$200
Mid Tier
1X handsets capable of peak data rates
of 144 kbps to 2.4 Mbps (mobile)
Entry Level
$0
www.cdg.org
Q4 ‘00
Source: Gartner Group, April 2001
Q4 ‘01
Q4 ‘02
Q4 ‘03
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CDMA enables the kind of capabilities needed to
realize significant advancements in services
1G Analog
2G CDMA
3G CDMA
Data Transmission Speed - kbps
2,000
384
144
Voice
128
64
Voice Mail
32
9.6
0
www.cdg.org
Telephone
(Voice)
Fax
Data
Weather, Traffic, News,
Sports, Stock updates
30
CDMA enables the kind of capabilities needed to
realize significant advancements in services (cont.)
1G Analog
2G CDMA
3G CDMA
Data Transmission Speed - kbps
2,000
144
Voice
128
64
Voice Mail
Mobile
Radio
Electronic
Newspaper
32
9.6
0
www.cdg.org
Text Messaging
Audio Streaming
384
Telephone
(Voice)
Fax
E-Mail
Data
Weather, Traffic, News,
Sports, Stock updates
Electronic
Publishing
31
CDMA enables the kind of capabilities needed to
realize significant advancements in services (cont.)
1G Analog
2G CDMA
3G CDMA
Data Transmission Speed - kbps
2,000
Text Messaging
Audio Streaming
384
Remote Medical
Service
(Medical image)
144
Voice
M-Commerce
Video
Conference
(High quality)
128
64
Voice Mail
Mobile
Radio
Electronic
Newspaper
32
9.6
0
www.cdg.org
Video Streaming
High-speed Internet
Telephone
(Voice)
Fax
E-Mail
Data
Weather, Traffic, News,
Sports, Stock updates
Electronic
Publishing
Mobile TV
Video Surveillance,
Video Mail, Travel
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Current State of 3G Deployment
www.cdg.org
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3G subscribers
3.5 million CDMA2000 users at the end of 2001
4000
3500
3000
thousands
(thousands)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Jan-01
Feb-01 Mar-01
Apr-01 May-01 Jun-01
CDMA2000
Jul-01
Aug-01 Sep-01 Oct-01
Nov-01 Dec-01
WCDMA
Approximately 27 thousand subscribers on WCDMA (Japan)*
www.cdg.org
Source: Gartner Group, as of 12/31/01
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CDMA2000 products
Approximately 40 CDMA2000 products in the market
www.cdg.org
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3G deployments
CDMA2000
deployments
•
•
www.cdg.org
11 commercial
networks deployed
26 more commercial
launches planned
for 2002
Country
Operator
CDMA2000
Trial/Launch Date
Australia
Brazil
Brazil
Canada
Canada
Chile
Dominican Republic
Jamaica
Japan
Korea
Korea
Korea
Mexico
New Zealand
Romania
Thailand
Ukraine
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
Venezuela
Venezuela
Vietnam
Telstra
Telesp Celular
Vesper
Bell Mobility
Telus Mobility
SmartCom PCS
Centennial Dominicana
Centennial Digital Jamaica
KDDI
KT Freetel
LG Telecom
SK Telecom
Pegaso PCS
Telecom Mobile Limited
Telemobil
Hutchison-CAT
CST Invest Limited
AirGate PCS
Alamosa PCS
ALLTEL Communications
Enterprise Communications
Georgia PCS
GulfCoast Wireless
Horizon PCS
Independent Wireless One
Leap
MetroPCS
Monet Mobile Networks
Northern PCS
Shentel
Sprint PCS
Swiftel Communications
UbiquiTel
US Cellular
US Unwired
Verizon Wireless
Western Wireless
Movilnet
Telcel
Saigon Postel
Trial 3Q 2000
Commercial
Launch 2H 2002
Commercial
Launch 1Q 2002
Launch 1Q 2002
Launch 1Q 2002
Launch 3Q 2002
Launch 1H 2002
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Trial 2Q 2002
Launch 1H 2002
Commercial
Launch 3Q 2002
Launch 1Q 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch 1Q 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Launch 1Q 2002
Launch Mid 2002
Commercial
Limited Commercial
Launch 1H 2002
Trial 1H 2001
Launch 2H 2002
36
Concluding Remarks
www.cdg.org
37
Summary
The wireless industry is on the verge of enabling applications and
services never before imagined
Several factors are critical to the rapid adoption of 3G, including:
•
•
•
•
Current economic pressures and cost-effective solutions
Compelling and useful applications
Well-understood value proposition for the marketplace
Comparable experience with the wired network (as applicable)
Operators are faced with different alternatives for enabling
capabilities and addressing these factors
CDMA2000 is making early successes in this new world
www.cdg.org
38