Transcript Ancient Greek and Roman Art

ANCIENT GREEK ART
TIME PERIODS
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Minoan
Archaic
Classic Golden Age
Hellenistic
ANCIENT GREEK ART
Ancient Greek art is mainly in 4 forms:
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Architecture
Sculpture
Painting
painted pottery
POTTERY
Pottery from all periods of Greek history
Exekias black-figure vase from Athens
TYPES OF POTTERY
PROTOGEOMETRIC
GEOMETRIC
ORIENTALIZING
BLACK FIGURE
RED FIGURE
WHITE GROUND
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhPW50r0
7L8
SCULPTURE
Sculpture includes small figurines and life-size
statues, but also relief sculptures which were on
the sides of buildings, and also tombstones.
We have very little Greek painting from the
Classical period; most of what we have is from
the Bronze Age.
THE PAINTINGS
The paintings were painted on walls, as
decoration for rooms, like murals or
wallpaper. On the other hand, we have
a good deal of painted pottery.
THE MINOANS
Greek culture began with the Minoans who lived on the island of Crete south
of mainland Greece. There art was based on beauty and having fun! They are
named after the mythical kind Minos who ruled Crete and owed a half –man,
half-bull “pet” called the minotaur and he was also his step-son. His wife had
a married a bull before him!! Minos kept him in a labyrinth and sacrificed
young Athenian men and women to him until the mythical Athenian hero
Thesus , a famous hero, slew him.
THE TOREADOR FRESCO 1500 BC
The Minoans were peace loving people and there Goddess was a snake –
Goddess. They enjoyed bull jumping in which young men and women
somersaulted off the backs of wild bulls. The women are whiter because they
spend more time indoors, but they were equal as athletes. The wave like shape
of the bull and fighter suggests that man and nature were one in Crete. The
Minoans after being conquered became Greek.
THE ARCHAIC PERIOD
Greek sculptures looked like the Egyptian tomb statues. The artist must have
spent time in Egypt.
The Kouros is as symmetrical and rigid as the statue of King Menkaura and
his queen and both step forward on the left foot and their hands are held to
their sides.
Kouros
THE CHARIOTEER OF DELPHI
His expression and proud posture indicates the respect that sports heroes
commanded in Greek society.
GOLDEN AGE SCULPTORS
Polykleitos is at easy and is
tense at the same time.
Myron
Phidias was the greatest sculptor
of the Greece’s golden age
GREEK ARCHITECTURE
Greek architectural style are very popular. The
Romans imitated them for centuries, Europeans
imitated them from the Renaissance. 19 th Century
Americans recycled Greek styles in home
building in a movement called the Greek Revival.
The Greeks invited three architectural formulas.
Each one depends on a specific mathematical
relationship.
GREEK COLUMNS
THE OLYMPIAN GODS
PARTHENON
It was build under Pericles and supervised by Phidias the two most famous
sculptors and architects of their time in 447 BC. It is 8 columns wide and 17
columns long. The Doric columns lean towards the center.
PHIDIAS 480 – 530 BCE
He was one of the most well-known of the Greek sculptors and architects.
He designed the Parthenon Marbles, also known as the “Elgin Marbles”
ELGIN MARBLES
LORD ELGIN (THOMAS BRUCE)
Thomas Bruce, the 7th Earl of Elgin was a Scottish Nobleman and the ambassador
to the Ottoman Empire.
In 1803, he removed about half of the sculptures from the Parthenon and
moved them to England, where they still are on display in the British Museum.
The Greek government wants them returned. They suffered from neglect during
the Ottomans and further destruction (the ones that are still in Greece)
under modern Greece.
What do you think? Should they stay in London or be sent back to Athens?
Do they belong to Greece or the world?
THE STATUE OF ATHENA
The Parthenon’s main function was to provide shelter for the monumental chryselephantine (made
of gold and ivory) statue of Athena that was created by Pheidias and dedicated in 438 BCE. The
statue stood approximately 9 or 11 meters (around 40 ft.) tall. It has not survived to our day, but we
have enough accounts of its existence along with a number of smaller marble copies, including the
one on exhibit at the National Museum of Athens.
THE TEMPLE OF ATHENA NIKE
This shows the use of Ionic columns in ancient Greek architecture`
CARYATIDS
These were statues of women that formed the columns on the porch of
the Erechtheion in the Acropolis.
HELLENISM
When Alexander the Great died, the
Hellenistic time period began (323 BCE).
Hellenistic sculptors show for the first time
the suffering of human beings.
The Hellenistic period ended with the last
conquest of the Greek kingdom by Rome in
31 BCE.
THE HELLENISTIC AGE
THE NIKE OF SAMOTHRACE
It shows victory and looks like she has just landed. It radiates energy. it was
suggested that the Victory was erected by the Macedonian general Demetrius I
after his naval victory at Cyprus between 295 and 289 BC.
LAOCOON AND HIS SONS
It could have been carved by three sculptors from the Greek Island of
Rhodes. It captures the struggle between a father, his boys and two vicious sea
serpents. Laocoon was being punished by the Goddess Athena.
ALEXANDER FIGHTING THE
PERSIAN KING DARIUS III