Transcript Chapter 5, Section 2 Greek Philosophy and History

Bellringer
January 5, 2012
 Grab your clicker
 Take out Chapter 5 Notes Guide
 Take out something to write with
 Put the remainder of your materials in your desk
Chapter 5, Section 2
Greek Philosophy and History
COACH CORLEY
JANUARY 25, 2011
Objective
Today, we will be learning about
Greek philosophers and historians.
Greek Philosophers
 *Philosophy – the “love
of wisdom”
 Philosophy led to history,
political science, science,
& math.
 Philosophers believed
that human mind could
understand everything.
Greek Philosophers
 *Pythagoras taught that
the universe followed the
same laws of music and
numbers.
 *Pythagorean theorem is
attributed to him. It is a
way to determine the
length of the sides of a
triangle.
 a2 + b2 = c2
Greek Philosophers
 *Sophists were
professional teachers in
ancient Greece.
 They traveled, taught to
win arguments, &
political speeches.
Greek Philosophers
 Sophists did not believe
gods influenced people.
 *They rejected the idea of
absolute right & wrong.
 *They said one’s right
may be another’s wrong.
Greek Philosophers
 *Socrates was an
Athenian sculptor whose
true love was philosophy.
 He disagreed with the
Sophists.
 He did not write
anything.
Greek Philosophers
 Socrates believed:


Absolute truth existed
Every person has real
knowledge
 *Socratic Method

*To ask pointed questions
to force reason and
thinking.
Greek Philosophers
 But……

What about to authority?

After Peloponnesian War,
Socrates was teaching
rebellion!?!

Found guilty….would not
leave….drank the poison…
Greek Philosophers
 Plato


*Socrates’ student
*Wrote Republic, which
explains his ideas about
government.

*People could NOT live
good lives w/o just &
reasonable gov

He divided ppl into 3
groups
Greek Philosophers
 Plato
 *Philosopher-kings – ruled
using logic & wisdom

Warriors - defended the state
from attack.

Everyone else – driven by
desire, not wisdom.
Produced food, clothing, &
shelter

*Men & women should have
the same education & equal
chance to have the same
jobs.
Greek Historians
 *Plato established a
school in Athens, the
Academy.
 Aristotle:


*Plato’s best student
*Wrote over 200 books on
government to the planet
and stars
Greek Philosophers
 *Aristotle opened his
school, the Lyceum.
 *Students were taught
the “Golden Mean,” a
person should do
nothing in excess.
 Aristotle also grouped
things according to their
similarities and
differences.
Greek Philosophers
 Politics:

*3 Types of Gov.

*Gov’t by one person,
monarch or tyrant

*Gov’t by a few, oligarchy

*Gov’t by many, democracy
 *Best was a mix of an
oligarchy & democracy
Greek Historians
 The first REAL histories
in Western civilizations
 Herodotus in 435 BC
wrote the history of the
Persian Wars.
 He ask questions,
recorded answers, &
checked truth.
Greek Historians
 *Herodotus is considered
the “father of history.”
 *Thucydides is
considered by many to be
the greatest historian of
the ancient world.
 He fought in the
Peloponnesian War, he
was exiled.
Greek Historians
 He then wrote History of
the Peloponnesian War.
 He saw war & politics as
the activities of humans,
not gods.
 *He stressed having
accurate facts.
Review
Homework