Transcript 3 Wars and Patterns of Thoughtx

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Please discuss the following questions
with a partner:
How did geography effect the early
development of Achaean civilization?
 How did Achaean civilization build on earlier
achievements?
 What do the Iliad and Odyssey tell about
Trojan War?
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REVIEW
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What kinds of governments emerged in
Greece?
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How did democracy develop in Athens?
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How were Sparta and Athens different?
Global II
Chapter 4, Section 4
Patterns of Greek Life and
Thought
Read Pgs. 87 - 93
Objectives
1.7
Describe how Athens lived during the
Golden Age
1.8
Understand how religion influenced
Greek life.
1.9
Explain the views held by Greek
philosophers.
1.10 Describe how the Greeks developed
new approaches to the study of history.
Essential Question
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What contributions did the Greek
philosophers make to Western
Civilization?
Lesson Launch
Age of Pericles
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Greek/Athenian Golden Age
Pericles
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“School of Greece”
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General & Statesman
Instituted Direct Democracy in
Athens
Parthenon – temple to Athena
Provided Salaries for gov’t
employees
Athens for its intellect & art
Direct Democracy
Through trade & conquest –
Greek culture will spread
REVIEW

Please ask someone around you:
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WHAT WAS THE AGE OF
PERICLES??
Pericles Funeral Oration
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USE THE PDF FILE!
1. Greek Religion
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Polytheistic – used religion to explain
natural occurrences
2. Greek Drama & Literature
Tragedies – dramas which focus on
suffering of main character
 Comedies – plays which ridiculed
people, ideas, and customs
 Poetry – Iliad & Odyssey
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3. Human Reason and Philosophy
• Philosophers: seekers of wisdom – search for
Natural
order in nature {physical world}
– Thales – Science not Gods
Laws
• Sophists: “How does man achieve political and
Organize Society
social success?”
Achieved by
– Socrates
• Reason alone guides us to truth and knowledge
• “Know Thyself” – through knowledge we learn how to act in
society – know something because you have reflected upon it!
• Socratic Method – Question and answer technique
– Plato
• Student of Socrates
• “The Republic”
– Aristotle
• “reason the highest good”
• Lyceum (school)
Philosophers of Greece
Socrates
Plato
The Republic:
Aristotle
Regents DBQ Practice
Politics and Philosophy in Ancient Greece
Philosophy flourished under Athenian democracy. In their search for
the best form of government, the best leaders, and the perfect society,
Greek philosophers created works that have influenced thinkers for the
ages. These “lovers of wisdom” used reason to guide their quest for
truth, as the documents below show.
Document 1
“[Justice] is not a matter of external behavior, but of the inward self
and of attending to all that is, in the fullest sense, a man’s proper
concern. The just man does not allow the several elements in his
should to usurp one another’s functions; he is indeed one who sets his
house in order, by self-mastery and discipline coming to be at peace
with himself, and brining into tune those…parts…Only when he has
linked these parts together in well-tempered harmony…will he be
ready to go about whatever he may have to do, whether it be making
money…or business transactions, or the affairs of state. In all these
fields when he speaks of just and honorable conduct, he will mean the
behavior that helps to produce and to preserve this habit of mind; and
by wisdom he will mean the knowledge which presides over such
conduct. Any action which tends to break down this habit will be for
him unjust: and the notions governing it he will call ignorance and
folly.
That is perfectly true, Socrates.
Good, said I. I believe we should not be thought altogether
mistaken, if we claimed to have discovered the just man and the just
state, and wherein their justice consists.”
- Plato’s Republic, quoting Socrates
Task: Analyzing Historical Documents
Document 2
“The legislator should
always include the middle
class in his government; if
he makes laws oligarchial,
to the middle class let him
look; if he makes them democratical, he should equally be his laws try to attach
this class to the state. There
only can the government ever
be stable where the middle
class exceeds one or both of
the others, and in that case there will be no fear that the rich will united
with the poor against the rulers…There comes a time when out of a
false good there arises a true evil, since the encroachments of the rich
are more destructive to the constitution than those of the people.”
- Politics, Aristotle
Document 3
“[F]or the truth is that you can have a well-governed society only if
you can discover for your future rulers a better way of life than being
in office; then only will power be in the hands of men who are rich, not
in gold, but in the wealth that bring happiness, a good and wise life.
All goes wrong when, starved for lack of anything good in their own
lives, men turn to public affairs hoping to snatch from thence the
happiness they hunger for. They set about fighting for power and this
internecine [mutually destructive] conflict ruins them and their country.
The life of true philosophy is the only one that looks down upon offices
of state; and access to power must be confined to men who are not in
love with it.”
- Republic, Plato
Student Teacher Relationship
SPAA
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Alexander the Great
Greek Historians
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Tried to understand and study human behavior
 Herodotus – “founder of history”
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First to gather and analyze historical evidence
Thucydides
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Improved on Herodotus’ methods
Tried to present a balanced account of the war
Set an example for unbiased reporting for future
historians
Recorded Pericles’ Funeral Oration
Closure
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How did Athens live during the Golden Age?
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How did religion influence Greek life?
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What were some of the views held by Greek
philosophers?
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What were new approaches to the study of
history that Greeks developed?
Homework
Socrates
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How did Socrates think
one could improve
society?
The “Known” World – 3c B.C.E.
Building Greek Cities in the East
The Incursion of Rome into the
Hellenistic World
Alexander the Great’s Empire