Transcript distribution network

NEMA technical workshop
ABB
Connectivity & Smart Grid
Ahmed Fahmy,Senior Technical Promoter
18-19 Novmber 2014
Connectivity
Industrial process supervision


The connection of low voltage devices in communication networks is
typically required in:

automated industrial processes

large industries

oil & gas applications

smart grid networks
Specifically, the capability of combining the control of the industrial
process with the supervision of the electrical plant which supplies it is
becoming increasingly important.
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Integration into systems

Low voltage CBs equipped with advanced electronic
trip units provide digital communication on several
protocols

In this way it is possible to connect LVCBs into
supervision and control systems

LVCBs not only for protection of distribution plants
but also for supervision and control
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Distribution plant supervision
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© ABB Group
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Supervision
system

Distribution plant

Communication
network
Connectivity
Distribution plant supervision

LVCB as a sensor/actuator in a supervision system

Some advantages:
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Measurement of power/energy for cost optimization and allocation
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Remote control of circuit breaker

Measurement of power quality (power factor, THD, interruptions/sags)
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Diagnostic data of the circuit-breaker (e.g.: % contact wear) to schedule preventive maintenance
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Remote information about the circuit-breaker state

Remote alarms/warnings to reduce downtime of the plant
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Connectivity
Field bus connection

Most used fieldbus protocols with LVCBs:
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Connectivity
Modbus RTU
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
Modbus RTU

It is an open, serial protocol derived from the
Master/Slave architecture.

It is widely used within Building Management Systems
(BMS) and Industrial Automation Systems (IAS).

Modbus RTU is wide accepted because:

It is an ease of use and reliable protocol
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It is an open and royalty-free protocol
Connectivity
Profibus DP
Centralized controller
(PC/PLC)
Slaves
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Profibus DP (Decentralized Peripherals)

It is a standard for fieldbus communication in automation
technology

It is a master/slave protocol used to operate sensors
and actuators via a centralized controller

It is mainly used in factory automation.
Connectivity
DeviceNet
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
The DeviceNet

It is a master/slave communication protocol in
multidrop network

designed to connect simple devices (e.g sensors,
actuators) and automation systems in general.

It is mainly used in industrial applications for
communication between PLC and motor starters,
motor controllers, drives.
Connectivity
Fieldbus Connection
Global market share by industrial network
Technology development
Profibus
DeviceNet
Modbus TCP
Ethernet/IP
Modbus
Profinet
IEC61850
Market development
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Market maturity
Market decline
Connectivity
Fieldbus Connection

The use of Ethernet technology is increasingly being used because:

Adopted worldwide
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High data baudrate (up to 100 Mbit/s)

Common use of infrastructure and integration with Internet/Intranet

Wide availability of devices and standard components (e.g.cables/switches/hubs)

Easy of use and integrate industrial devices from different vendors

Simple to integrate with networks that already exist in the business office environment

Compatibility with many standards

Ability to connect and address more devices over longer distances and wider areas. This can
be crucial in large plant environments
<< Home
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Ethernet connection
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© ABB Group
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Most used Industrial Ethernet protocols with LVCBs:
| Slide 12
Connectivity
Modbus TCP
Client
Server
Client
Server
Server

Modbus TCP is an evolution of Modbus RTU for
Ethernet communication networks
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Applications


Building Management Systems (BMS)
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Industrial Automation Systems (IAS)

Information technology
Integrated solution with

© ABB Group
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ABB ACBs
Connectivity
ProfiNet and Ethernet/IP

Profinet is an evolution of Profibus DP
for Ethernet communication networks
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Ethernet/IP is an evolution of DeviceNet
for Ethernet communication networks
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Applications
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Factory automation
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Motion control
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Information technology, safety
Integrated solution with
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© ABB Group
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ABB ACBs
Connectivity
IEC61850

IEC61850 has been designed with specific
characteristics, suitable for the applications
related to electrical power (e.g. electrical
substations). Two ways of communicating
between devices: horizontal (GOOSE) and
vertical (MMS) communication.

The standard has defined a real language that
describes the informative content of the
devices in a significant way from the point of
view of the application.
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Integrated solution with

© ABB Group
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ABB ACBs
Connectivity
Smart Grid
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Connectivity
© ABB Group
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Digital

Communication
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Smart grid
Connectivity
Smart Grid
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Smart grid is the application of intelligence to power distribution
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Evolution from centralized power to distributed power generation
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Connectivity
Smart Grid

A smart grid comprises:
PV

Modern electrical distribution network
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Advanced control and communication technologies

Two-way power and information flow

Distributed generation

Distribution
G rid
PV
G
CHP
Including renewable, small-scale generators

Remote monitoring and control

Load management/shedding

Smart metering
M
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M
Connectivity
Smart Grid

Being a smart grid an intelligent distribution network you need to install LVCBs to protect it

Circuit breakers with advanced electronic trip units can be used in smart grids providing:


Digital communication on several protocols

Remote measurement of current, voltage, power/energy, cosf

Alarms, warnings and diagnostics

Remote control

Advanced protections for distributed generation

Logic-based selectivity

Load management
In addition to basic overcurrent protections
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Smart Grid

Air circuit breakers SACE Emax 2
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From E1.2 to E6.2: 1600 to 6300 A

Digital protection units
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IEC and UL versions
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Up to 1000V
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Moulded Case Circuit Breakers
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Tmax XT XT2-XT4: 160 to 250 A
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Tmax T T5 to T7 : 400A to 1600A
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Digital protection units from 160 A
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IEC and UL versions
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Up to 1000V
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Smart Grid-digital communication-remote measurements

Voltage and current
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Active, reactive, apparent power,
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Energy flow
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Power quality
© ABB Group
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Peak factor
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Harmonic spectra
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THD
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Voltage sags and interruptions
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Cosϕ
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Network analyzer (only with SACE Emax 2)
| Slide 21
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Opening data with protection tripped, time
stamping and fault currents
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Number of operations, number of trips
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Contact wear estimate
Connectivity
Smart Grid - Basic measurements

Currents, Voltages, Power , Reactive power and cosϕ , Energy

All measurements available locally or via communication network
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CB works as a smart sensor for SCADA

Available in:

ABB ACBs

ABB MCCBs
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Smart Grid - Power quality

Peak factor
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Harmonic spectra
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THD
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Voltage sags and interruptions
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Cosϕ

Network analyzer
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With ABB ACBs and advanced trip unit Ekip Hi Touch
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All measurements available locally or via communication network
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ABB ACB works as a Network Analyzer (according to IEEE 1159 and IEEE 1250)
© ABB Group
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Connectivity
Smart Grid - Transient recording
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Protection unit includes a fault recorder (Data logger)
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Trigger on protection trip or configurable alarm for a fault analysis
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Data can be downloaded via comm network


CB works as a transient recorder
Available in
500
V oltage L1-L2
400
N eutral
C urrent phas e 1
300
C urrent phas e 2
200

ABB ACBs

ABB MCCBs (Frame size 1600A)
C urrent phas e 3
100
-200
-300
-400
-500
© ABB Group
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tim e
0
-100
Connectivity
Smart Grid - Advanced protections for distributed generation

Overvoltage/Undervoltage

Overfrequency/Underfrequency

Reverse active power protection

Available on:
PV
Distribution
G rid
PV
G
CHP

ABB ACBs
M
© ABB Group
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| Slide 25
M
Connectivity
Smart Grid - Advanced protections: directional short circuit protection
PV

Detection of short circuit direction with
multiple power sources

Fast discrimination

Available on:
Distribution
G rid
PV
G
CHP

ABB ACBs
M
© ABB Group
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| Slide 26
M
Connectivity
Smart Grid: Traditional solution for load management (PLC)
© ABB Group
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Load management: From PLC to smart LVCB (Power controller)
With ABB ACB it is possible to implement load
managemet without using a PLC
ACB with Ekip Power Controller is the ideal solution for
load management and provides the optimum balance
between reliability, simplicity and costeffectiveness
Its features and advantages include:
• integration in the trip unit for simplicity of use and
quick commissioning
• patented calculation algorithm to avoid penalties
and reduce overall power consumption
• one circuit-breaker controls up to 15 loads to
eliminate the need for additional systems and
software
Connectivity & Smart Grid
Conclusions

Connectivity is an important characteristic of
intelligent LVCBs

It permits the LVCB to be not only a
protection device but also a sensor/actuator
in the system

Connecting intelligent devices and smart
LVCBs we obtain:

Connectivity


Smart Grids
|Month
Slide 29
DD, Year
© ABB Group
Smart grid