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32.2 Digestive System
Word Bank
Anus
Esophagus
Gallbladder
Large Intestine
Liver
Mouth
Pancreas
Salivary Glands
Rectum
Small Intestines
Stomach
1
11
2
10
3
9
4
8
7
5
6
32.2 Digestive System
mouth
Salivary glands
esophagus
liver
stomach
gallbladder
pancreas
Large intestines
anus
Small intestines
rectum
32.2 Digestive System
Digestive System Posters
• Title on top
977-981
• Describe the
FUNCTION (job) of
your organ
• Draw a picture
• Answer all questions
on prompt
• Color
• Use Big font
• Mouth and
esophagus
• Stomach
• Pancreas, liver,
gallbladder
• Small
intestines
• Large intestine,
rectum, anus
Set
Cornell Notes
on pg.
29.4upCentral
and Peripheral
Nervous
Systems
32.2-3
Digestive
System
& Excretory
53
2.1 Atoms, Ions,System
and Molecules
•Topic: 32.2-3 Digestive
and Excretory System
•Essential Question(s):
Predict: If a person has
their gallbladder removed,
what changes in diet should
be made? Why?
KEY CONCEPT
The digestive system breaks down
food into simpler molecules and
The excretory system removes
wastes and helps maintain
homeostasis.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The Digestive System Introduction 1m49s
32.2 Digestive System
KEY CONCEPT
The digestive system breaks down food into simpler
molecules.
32.2 Digestive System
•In 1822, Alexis St. Martin was shot in the stomach and treated
by William Beaumont, an army surgeon
•The bullet had left a small hole in his stomach
•Beaumont persuaded St. Martin to let him observe the
digestive process by tying foods to string, putting them into the
stomach, and observing how the food was digested
32.2 Digestive System
The digestive system is a collection of organs that breaks
down food into energy that can be used in cells
mouth
esophagus
liver
gallbladder
large
intestine
small intestine
rectum/anus
32.2 Digestive System
• After digestion is complete,
nutrients are absorbed and
transported to all cells.
mouth
esophagus
liver
• Undigested materials are
eliminated as liquid and solid
wastes (urine/feces)
gallbladder
large
intestine
small intestine
rectum/anus
32.2 Digestive System
Mechanical vs. Chemical Digestion (TOP of p. 52)
Mouth
Mechanical
Chemical
Teeth: chew/shred/
grinds food into particles
Saliva: amylase breaks
down starches into simple
sugars
Stomach
Peristalsis: muscle
contractions churn food
to break it down and mix
it with digestive juices
Pepsin: breaks down
proteins, fats, and
sugars
Sm. Intestine
Peristalsis: muscle
contractions break down
and mix food with
digestive enzymes, bile,
and hormones
Enzymes/bile: finish
digestion of proteins,
fats, and sugars
32.2 Digestive System
• Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth.
• Digestion of proteins begins in the stomach.
• Digestion of fats and sugars occur in the
small intestine.
32.2 Digestive System
Mouth
• Teeth: Mechanical digestion, shred and grind food
• Saliva: chemical digestion
• Enzyme: amylase (Am-uh-Lays)
• Breaks down starch into sugars
• Tongue: Keeps food positioned between teeth
• Digestion starts in the mouth!!!!
stomach
32.2 Digestive System
Esophagus
• Tube that connects mouth to the stomach
• Peristalsis (pear-ih-stawl-sis) mechanical- moves food
through the organs
esophagus
muscles
contract
muscles
relax
stomach
food
32.2 Digestive System
•
•
•
•
•
Stomach
Muscular sac
Holds up to 2 quarts of food
Continues digestion
– Proteins are digested in the
stomach by the enzyme Pepsin
Chyme: semi-liquid mixture of food
2-6 hours to digest food
32.2 Digestive System
Enzymes and Digestion 1m29s
32.2 Digestive System
Pancreas, Liver, and Gall bladder
• Aid in digestion
– Pancreas: helps digest fat, protein, and starches
– Liver: Produces bile which helps digest fats
– Gallbladder: stores bile
liver
bile
stomach
chyme
bile
enzymes
gallbladder
pancreas
duodenum
32.2 Digestive System
Small Intestines
• Most digestion takes place in the small intestines!!!
• Digests:
– Proteins
– Fats
– Sugars
It is at this point that our
body finally receives the
nutrients from our food
via the bloodstream
32.3 Absorption of Nutrients
Large Intestine (Colon), Rectum, Anus
• Helps to maintain the body’s fluid balance
• Absorbs water and salt from the non-nutritive food
waste
• Undigested material forms the solid feces.
– stored in rectum
– eliminated through anus
32.3 Absorption of Nutrients
The Digestive System- Review 6m51s
32.2 Digestive System
KEY CONCEPT
The excretory system removes wastes and helps
maintain homeostasis.
32.2 Digestive System
• Label the Excretory System
32.2 Digestive System
• Label the Excretory System
kidneys
ureter
bladder
urethra
32.2 Digestive System
• Nonsolid wastes are eliminated through lungs, skin,
and kidneys.
• Lungs
– exhale carbon dioxide
and water vapor.
• Skin
– Sweat glands in skin
release excess water
and salts.
• Kidneys
– filter and clean the blood
to produce urine.
skin
lungs
kidneys
ureters
urethra
urinary bladder
32.2 Digestive System
Keeping the Blood Clean 3m18s
32.2 Digestive System
• The Bladder stores urine
• Ammonia is the toxic product produced when the
body breaks down amino acids for energy
– It is removed from the body by the kidneys
ureter
urethra
32.2 Digestive System
Kidneys have three basic functions in maintaining
homeostasis.
– remove waste from blood
– help to maintain electrolyte, pH, and fluid balances
– release key hormones
32.2 Digestive System
The Excretory System 2m21