Transcript 5 The Empire - fleetwoodchampagne

THE EMPIRE
Michelle, Kyler, Kyle, Karina
& Tommy
What held the
Empire together?
•Organized government
•Organized military
•Defended frontiers
•Keeping the country at
peace PAX ROMANA
•Laws which collected
taxes to support
government & military
•Great road system
•Good trade
The Empire and the Republic
Republic
Empire
A state in which
the supreme power
rests in the body of
citizens entitled to
vote
Two meanings
•A very large area of
land ruled by one
country
•A territory ruled
over by someone
called a emperor
Differences Between Empire
and Republic
Republic
•Consuls share power and
are able to "veto" each
other
-Elected annually by
citizens
•Senate advised the
consuls
- made laws
•Tribunes – Elected to
protect rights of
citizens
Empire
•Emperor had complete
power
- Commander in chief
- Chief priest
•Consuls lost powers
•Senate – Court of Law
- Governed some
Provinces
•Tribunes – No power or
duties. An honorary
position.
Rise of the generals
• Marius was a consul who
reorganized the military
•He paid soldiers and had them
pledged loyalty directly to
generals.
•Military leaders who led their
legions to conquest had the
support of the soldiers by
promising them booty & land
•Took power by conquering
lands without the approval of the
Senate
•Eventually a powerful general –
Julius Caesar –made himself
“dictator”
•In an effort to save the
Republic, the senate murdered
Julius Caesar.
The Roman Army
Very well
organized &
trained
Responsibilities
•Make sure the
people in the
Empire obeyed the
Roman
government
•Build and
maintain frontiers
& roads.
•Guard Frontiers
The Army
• The Roman army was
admired for the quality
of its equipment and the
discipline of the
soldiers.
• The army's main jobs were
to make sure all the
people of the provinces
obeyed Roman orders. They
were also needed to guard
frontiers and to build
and maintain roads and
forts.
• The legions were the
commanders of the
battlefield they
consisted of around 300
men in each group.
• Legions had several
standards including its
own gold or silver eagle.
• There was a symbol called
the Jupiter king which
was a great honor to
carry and a great
disgrace when the enemies
captured it
The Frontier
• Frontiers are forts used
to defend from enemy
units.
• Two types of frontiers
• Natural frontiers such as
mountains, seas and
rivers.
• Man Made Frontiers walls,
gates & bridges.
• The military built many
fortifications or defense
walls along the rivers
and borders of Rome and
some of Mesopotamia.
• Ditches and Army camps
were built along the
giant walls of
fortification, many
soldiers and nearby
civilians lived their
whole life there.
• Fortifications were as
long as 100 km and as
tall as 4 m.
Roads and Trade
• Incredible road construction during the Roman
Empire.
• About 80,000km of roads spanned the Roman
Empire.
• Roman roads were primarily made by the
legions.
• The military used the roads mostly to move
soldiers to the frontiers.
• Also used for transportation and trade of
goods across the country..
• The metals used for commercial transactions
were gold, silver, bronze.
• Olive oil and wine were Italy's main exports.
Video Roman Roads