Transcript GeographyEtruscans

INTRODUCTION TO ROME
• Comparing Greece and Rome
INTRODUCTION TO ROME
• Comparing Greece and Rome
• Geography
• Influence
• Polis/Empire
• Governance
• Attitude towards outsiders
• Masters of War vs. Masters of battle
• Conservative vs. Innovation
• Practicality vs. Idealism
• Governing (“Coarse-grained technocrats”) vs. Culture (“Sensitive Aesthetes”)
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
After various adventure largely paralleling the wanderings of Odysseus, the Trojans are cast ashore at the
recently founded city of Carthage.
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
• Romulus and Remus
• Sons of Mars
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
• Romulus and Remus
• Sons of Mars
• She-Wolf
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
• Romulus and Remus
• Sons of Mars
• She-Wolf
• Disagree over where to found city
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
• Romulus and Remus
• Sons of Mars
• She-Wolf
• Disagree over where to found city
• Remus mocks Romulus
"So perish whoever else shall
overleap my battlements.”
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
• Romulus and Remus
• Sons of Mars
• She-Wolf
• Disagree over where to found city
• Remus mocks Romulus
• Romulus founds Rome
Mythic History
• Aeneid
• Story of Aeneas
• Written by Virgil, modeled after Homeric Poetry, ~29-19 BCE
• Escape from Troy
• Parallels to Odyssey
• Goes to ItalyWins Battles, Settles in Latium
• Romulus and Remus
• Sons of Mars
• She-Wolf
• Disagree over where to found city
• Remus mocks Romulus
• Romulus founds Rome
• Significance
• Aeneid: Tie to glorious past
• RR: Ambitious Men Fighting over Rome
• RR: Honor/Duty/Civic Loyalty>Family Ties
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Better farmland
than Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Italy divided
by mts., but
less than
Greece
a
• Flatlands
• Can be
unified
• Sicily
• Rome
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Rome able to unite Italy under
its rule (FC.28)
Italy divided
by mts., but
less than
Greece
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Location in
middle of
Mediterranean
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Rome able to unite Italy under
its rule (FC.28)
Italy divided
by mts., but
less than
Greece
Location in
middle of
Mediterranean
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Location in
middle of
Mediterranean
Away from
interference
by other civ’s
in East
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Rome able to unite Italy under
its rule (FC.28)
Italy divided
by mts., but
less than
Greece
Location in
middle of
Mediterranean
Away from
interference
by other civ’s
in East
a
FC26 THE GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY & ITS IMPACT ON THE RISE OF ROME
Few resources
but more than
Greece has
Most of Italy’s
good harbors
are in S. & W.
Better farmland
than Greece has
Most Greek colonies in S.
Italy (a.k.a. Magna Graecia)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
Heavy Greek influence
on Rome (FC.19)
Hills & mts., but
fewer than
Greece has
More farmers & fewer
traders in Italy
Alps help
protect Italy
from
invasions
Location in
middle of
Mediterranean
Persevering & group
oriented, but willing to
adapt others’ ideas
for their own uses
Rome able to unite Italy under
its rule (FC.28)
Away from
interference
by other civ’s
in East
Italy divided
by mts., but
less than
Greece
Location in
middle of
Mediterranean
Away from
interference
by other civ’s
in East
Rome able to conquer the
Mediterranean (FC.29)
a
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collection of Villages
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collection of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
a
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
• Powerful Kings, Armies
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
• Powerful Kings, Armies
• Trade with Greek neighbors
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
• Powerful Kings, Armies
• Trade with Greek neighbors
• Control Rome after ~650
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
• Powerful Kings, Armies
• Trade with Greek neighbors
• Control Rome after ~650
• Rome under Etruscan Rule
• Innovations/Characteristics
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
a
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
a
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
a
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
a
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
• Powerful Kings, Armies
• Trade with Greek neighbors
• Control Rome after ~650
• Rome under Etruscan Rule
• Innovations/Characteristics
• Other Influences
• Dark/Gloomy Religion
• Togas
Early Roman History and Those Darn Etruscans
• Collective of Villages
• Periodization of Roman History
• Monarchy 753 BCE – 509 BCE
• Republic 509 – 31 BCE
• Empire 31 BCE onwards
• Who are the Etruscans?
• From Asia Minor?
• Dominant Power in Italy
• Cities~Greek Polis
• Powerful Kings, Armies
• Trade with Greek neighbors
• Control Rome after ~650
• Rome under Etruscan Rule
• Innovations/Characteristics
• Other Influences
• Dark/Gloomy Religion
• Togas
• Rome becomes most imp city in Central Italy
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
a
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Rebellion vs. Etruscans
• Final Three Kings
EtruscanDistrust of Kings
• Tarquinius Superbus and
Lucretia
• Romans drive out
Etruscans
• Hills
• Greeks
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Result?
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Latins are more loyal &
reliable allies
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Who
beats
Etr’s?
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Latins are more loyal &
reliable allies
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Etruscans decline
after Grks beat
them
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Latins are more loyal &
reliable allies
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
The legend of Horatius, who single-handedly held off a surprise Etruscan attack while the
Romans destroyed the bridge leading to Rome, reflects continuing Etruscan power over and/or
pressure upon Rome at this time.
The Etruscan defeat of the Greeks at
Alalia in 525 BCE marked a turning point
in their fortunes as the peak of their power
and also contributing to its downfall.
In 474 BCE, the Greeks, and peoples of
Latium allied to defeat the Etruscan
navies at Cumae. Before this, a series of
defeats on land led to the loss of control
of Latium, the southern trade routes to
Campania, and other territories. To the
south, the Samnites defeated the
Campanian league, while to the North, the
Celts poured into the Po Valley.
Veii, which fell to the Romans in 396
BCE, was the first city in the Etruscan
heartland to be defeated. From then on,
further Etruscan decline was inevitable.
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
Etruscans decline
after Grks beat
them
Rome stays free from
Etruscans
From the East?
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Latins are more loyal &
reliable allies
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Etruscans decline
after Grks beat
them
Rome stays free from
Etruscans
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Latins are more loyal &
reliable allies
Rome allies with
one tribe vs.
others
Rome defeats the hill
tribes
FC.27 ROME’S EARLY ROOTS: THE ETRUSCANS (c.650-400B.C.E.)
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans possibly from Asia Minor as seen in :
Use of the arch
Their practice of Augury
Style of dress
Influence
from Grks
in S. Italy
(FC.19)
Etruscans conquer Rome (c.650B.C.E.)
& make it a city:
Trade, metallurgy & better Swamp & field drainage &
agriculture
underground. sewers
How to build roads &
Alphabet adopted
Urban planning on a
bridges
from the Greeks
rectangular grid
Rome the most important
city in Central Italy
Rome wins its freedom (c.500 B.C.E.), but faces
enemies on three sides:
Etruscans still a Latin tribes to the South Hill tribes attack
threat in the N.
rebel vs. Rome
attack from East
Etruscans decline
after Grks beat
them
Rome stays free from
Etruscans
Romans beat Latins & form the Latin league,
treating them more as allies than subjects
Latins are more loyal &
reliable allies
Rome able to expand vs. its enemies (FC.28)
Rome allies with
one tribe vs.
others
Rome defeats the hill
tribes