Transcript Rome -- The Kings, Tarquins and Early Republic

How did the geography of Rome help in its earliest
establishment?
THE MYTHOLOGICAL FOUNDING AND MANY
TARQUIN RULERS OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC
BEGINNINGS LEGENDS
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Romulus and Remus were:
 semi-divine, born of Mars and a
woman,
 threatened as babies
 placed in basket on river
 rescued by a she wolf
 raised by a shepherd,
 built city on land of rescue
Romulus jumped a wall on Palatine
hill and killed Remus with a brick,
Romulus named the city after
himself, Rome.
BEGINNINGS LEGENDS
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Another story is The
Aeneid, by Virgil,featuring
Aeneas, (a-KNEE-us) a
survivor of Troy in the
myth, The Illiad,
Aeneas built the city and
his sons were Romulus
and Remus
The historical truth: seven
villages of Latins which
were separated by
swamp, were attacked by
the Sabines and the
Etruscans, then unified
ROMULUS
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Responsible for
beginning Rome’s
development
Established the 100
patres, founding the
patrician class and
senate
Made Capitoline Hill an
asylum for fugitives
w/o women
TITUS TATIUS
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Leader of the Sabines
lived at same time as
Romulus
Enlarged the city
Started several
religious cults
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Borrowing from
conquered cultures
NUMA POMPILIUS
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Founded religious
temples and offices
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Vestal Virgins
Pontifus maximus, chief
priest of Rome
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(one leader for
government and religion)
Possibly a Sabine
leader as well
TULLUS HOSTILIUS
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Established Rome’s
Senate house the
Curia Hostilia
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Senate ideas from
Greece
Conquered Alba Longa
a city founded by
Aeneas’ son
Vicious warrior, word
hostile traced back to
how he treated people
ANCUS MARCIUS
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Enlarged Rome’s
territorial control by
capturing Etruscan
land to the North
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(Roman expansion)
Captured port of Ostia
TARQUINIUS PRISCUS
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Also known as Tarquin the
Elder, came to Rome from
Etruria, bringing Etruscan
customs, culture and
builders w/ them
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(Think of the “Roman
sponge”)
Built earliest public works,
temples on Capitoline hill,
a public sewer, fought wars
with neighboring cities
Arrogant made enemies of
the royal clans
SERVIUS TULLIUS
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A slave in the Tarquin
household, became
king when a Tarquin
was murdered
Remembered as mild
and kind, instituted the
census and the
assembly
Built a wall around
Rome still called the
Servian wall
LUCIUS TARQUINIUS SUPERBUS
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Known as Tarquin the
Proud.
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Led to a rebellion against
the Tarquins led by Brutus.
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Brutus became one of 1st
consuls; he killed his own
sons for trying to returns
the Tarquins to Power
THE REPUBLIC
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The Senate was made up
of 300 upper-class men
called patricians and
common citizens called
plebeians
Only patricians could hold
office, led by 2 consuls.
The senate advised
consuls who then ruled,
consuls had veto power
which means “I forbid.”
THE REPUBLIC
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Dictators could be
appointed in an
emergency, most famous
Cincinnatus who left
plowing his fields to lead
the army and returned to
his mule in one day.
Longest rule by a dictator
was Sulla who ruled and
took the power away from
the Senate and Patricians
for two years.
The last Dictator was Julius
Caesar.