Transcript Ancient Rome - Cloudfront.net

Ancient Rome
The Roman Republic on the eve of the Assassination of Gaius
Julius Caesar – c. 44 BC
Phases of Roman History
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The Roman Kingdom (753 BC)
The Roman Republic (509 BC)
The Roman Empire (27 BC)
The Divided Empire (AD 330)
The Fall of the West (AD 476)
The Fall of the East (AD 1453)
Phase I
The Roman Kingdom
The Roman Kingdom: 753-509 BC
21 April 753: the founding of Rome by Romulus
on the Palatine Hill.
The Seven Kings prior to the establishment of
the Republic:
1. The first 4 kings were part of an elected
2.
monarchy, chosen by the Senate and
confirmed by the People.
The last 3 kings were part of a hereditary
monarchy, no longer elected but passed down.
Romulus kills his brother Remus
List of the 7 Kings of Rome
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Romulus (753-715)
Numa Pompilius (715-673)
Tullius Hositilus (673-642)
Ancus Marcius (642-617)
Tarquinius Priscus (617-579; the first of the
Etruscan Kings)
Servius Tullius (579-535)
Lucius Tarquinucius “Superbus” (534-510)
The Legend of Romulus






Rhea Sylvia had twin boys: Romulus
and Remus, by Mars, the god of War.
A jealous uncle ordered the twins to be
killed.
Legend says they were nursed by a
she-wolf.
Ended up being raised by Faustulus,
a shepherd, and his wife.
Romulus and Remus began to build
walls in what would later become
Rome.
Remus criticized his brother, and got
killed for it.
Romulus, Rex
The Different Offices of Government





The King: (Rex) had ultimate power in Rome; the
power to appoint assistants and to delegate to them
specific powers.
The Senate: (from senex, meaning “old man” or
“elder”) Advisory Council to the King; had the power to
elect a new king (suppressed by the hereditary
monarchy)
Popular Assembly: (Curiate Assembly) the means by
which the People of Rome could express their opinions.
The People of Rome: (Populus) organized into Curias
(a subdivision of the people, like tribes).
During the Kingdom Period, there were 30 Curias total
in Rome.
How the Senate Chose the King






When a king died, it began a period called interregnum
(“time between reigns”).
A member of the Senate was chosen as interrex (“in-between
king”) who would then nominate a candidate for kingship.
After the Senate gave initial approval of the nominee, he
would then be formally presented for election by the People
of Rome in the Curiate Assembly.
The candidate would then receive final approval from the
Senate.
The new king took the auspices (a ritual search for omens
from the gods) and was vested with imperium (legal authority
to rule) by the Popular Assembly.
And voilá! Habemus Regem!
The Ancient City and the 7 Hills