Transcript Europe 0-600

Europe 0-600
• Warm Up: Into the Depths: Gregorian
Chant
Steady Decline of Rome
• After the Death of
Marcus Aurelia's (180
AD)
• Germanic Invasions
who had been trained
by Rome to protect
realm
• Attila the Hun
invasion in 450
Two Romes
• Western Rome
Empire - Holy Roman
• Eastern Roman
Empire - Constantine330 AD Byzantium
(Capitol:
Constantinople)
Rome spreads Christianity
• Early Christian Church was
persecuted and had no central
leadership
• Constantine has dream that
God gave him victory in Civil
War and converts to
Christianity
• Jews began to rebel and they
were kicked out of their
homeland. Known as the
Diaspora
• Led early on by Paul the
Apostle- struggles with Jews
and Pagans
• By 380 A.D. (Ano Domini) it
was the official religion of
Rome
War/ Church structure
• Use of Greek fire to
burn ships (flammable
liquid copper tubes)
• Moved up social
pyramid by imperial
service or religious
service.
• Formation of Bishops
as feudal leaders of
church
Christian disunity of 4th and 5th
Century
• Included: bishops that
claimed decadency
• Similar vs. Identical
essence (Father/Son)
• Human or Divine
• Martyrdom, Monastic
Life and Celibacy as a
path to divine
• Was Jesus celibate?
Justinian Emperor of Byzantium
527-565
• A code: written and
organized laws
• Was created so that even
the powerful could be
held accountable
• Tried to reconstitute
Classical Roman Empire
• Rebuilt City after tax riots
including the building of
the Hagia Sophia Church
Summary Questions
1) What are the two names of the fractured
Roman Empire?
2) Who is credited with the spread of
Christianity throughout Europe?
3) Which Byzantine Emperor adopted a
code of law?
St. Nicholas and Emperor
Constantine and The
Apostle Jude Thaddeus
• 13th and 14th Century
stained Glass
Theodora Mosaic
• Justinian’s Empress
• Church of San Vitale
Italy
• 6th Century mosaic art
St. Dimiter
• Iconic Images of Saints
the 6th Century were
common
• Here St. Dimiter a priest
is slaying Satan
represented by a dragon
• Made from egg tempera
(yolk mixed with color)
and gold leaf (gold
pounded into thin sheets)
Church of Santa Sophia
• Justinian orders it built in
532 – completed less
than 6 years later
• Ascending domes 165
feet at tallest point.
• Church is pierced by light
with many windows
• Later Minarets (slender
towers are added by
Muslim architects and
covered mosaic with
circular screens
Extra Credit
Film:
• Excalibur(Evidence and Interpretations)
• Monty Python and the holy grail (Satire:
Evidence and Interpretation )