Transcript From Republic to Empire

From Republic to Empire
City on Seven Hills
• Latin's
• Settled along the
Tiber River
Romans
• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
Romans
• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
• Romans learned
– Alphabet
Romans
• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
• Romans learned
– Alphabet
– Arch construction
Romans
• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
• Romans learned
– Alphabet
– Arch construction
– Gods and Goddesses
Roman - Latins
Romans conquer –
• 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
• Greek City States
Roman - Latins
Romans conquer –
• 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
• Greek City States
Success due to
• Diplomacy
• Roman Legion – 5000 man units
– Loyalty, courage, respect for authority
Res Publica - Republic
Senate – most powerful legislators
• 300 members all Patricians
• Landowning upper class (Aristocrats)
Res Publica - Republic
Senate
• 300 members all Patricians
• Landowning upper class
Consuls –
• elected by Senate
• Supervise business, government, and armies
Res Publica - Republic
Tribunes
• Represent the Plebeians
• Farmers,merchants, and traders
• Right to VETO
Res Publica - Republic
Dictator
Elected in time of war
Punic Wars
Rome vs Carthage
Early Phoenician Colony
Punic Wars
Rome vs Carthage
Early Phoenician Colony
• Rome fought for Empire
(Imperialism)
Punic Wars
Rome vs Carthage
Early Phoenician Colony
• Rome fought for
Empire (Imperialism)
• Carthage fought for
self-preservation
(They had empire of their own)
Carthage
North Africa
Punic War
General Hannibal
• Attacks Rome from North
• Elephants
Carthage
North Africa
Punic War
General Hannibal
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Attacks Rome from North
Elephants
Returns to protect Carthage
Defeated on open plains
Romans Destroyed Carthage.
poured salt on all of farm land to never let
Carthage return.
Roman law let you live…
But, if you went against them…
Mare Nostrum
“Our Sea”
Roman Republic Declines
Julius Caesar
Military General
• Led army nine years in Gaul
Julius Caesar
Military General
• Led army nine years in Gaul
• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home
Julius Caesar
Military General
• Led army nine years in Gaul
• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home
• He came home – Took over the Senate
Julius Caesar
Military General
• Reorganized a corrupt Senate
• Allowed more people Citizenship
Julius Caesar
Military General
• Reorganized a corrupt Senate
• Allowed more people Citizenship
Veni, Vedi, Vici
I came, I saw, I conquered
Re-established Mediterranean
…and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.
Julius Caesar
Military General
• Assassinated on Senate Floor
• Fear of him naming himself
Emperor – or Caesar
Octavian and Mark Antony
Octavian – Caesar’s grandnephew
Mark Antony – general
joined together to hunt down the murderers
Cleopatra VII
• After Caesar assassinated
• Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome
Octavian and Mark Antony
Go to War over control of Roman Empire
used Cleopatra’s and Antony’s
relationship as a political tool
Battle of Actium
Octavian defeats Antony
• takes supreme rule of Rome
• names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an Empire
• one of the most influential empires the world has known
Octavian soon becomes Augustus or
“Exalted One”
Pax Romana
Roman Peace
200 year Period
Augustus to Marcus Aurelius
Entertainment
– Chariot Races
– Gladiator Contests
• Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight
– Emperor Nero ….Let the Christians fight the lions