Chapter5,sect2b
Download
Report
Transcript Chapter5,sect2b
Chapter 4
Section 2b
Conquest & War Weakened
Rome
Wars bring glory & create poverty
Gap between rich & poor
Small farmers lose land to rich ( slave
work land ) import cheap food
Farmers move to city -> no jobs,
masses of unhappy people
Corruption in Govt
Rich buy votes
Help themselves to tax money
Wide gap between rich &poor
Efforts to please with “ bread &
circuses”
Free food & contests
“ gladiators”
Romans Attempt Reforms
Realize the republic is in danger
1st reformers:Tiberius& Gaius Gracchus
Believe problems : condition of farmers
landless & soldiers = give land back
Senate puts Tiberius to death , Gaius
kills himself
Military leaders fight for control
One - hero - dictator - Sulla
Julius Caesar Wins Control
Popular with the masses
Spends money on the poor
Marries a popular daughter
Gains Sulla as a enemy
First Triumvirate
Caesar joins forces “ political alliance’
A. - Hero = Pompey
B. Crassus : richest man in Rome
C. Caesar : consul & general
- writes a story of military campaigns
- brilliant military commander
- while in Gaul , Crassus is killed in
Persia
Pompey rules as dictator
- afraid of Caesar
- orders him to disband army
- return to Italy
Triumph of Caesar
4 yrs of civil war - Pompey flees ,
Caesar becomes dictator of Rome
Pompey is later murdered in Egypt
Caesar starts many reforms
1. Sets up a stable govt.
2. Give people in provinces equal Rts.
3. Make the Senate more representative
44 BC Caesar is assassinated ,(Mar 15)
Augustus 1st Emperor
Caesars death issues in civil war
Octavian & Mark Antony hunt down
the assassins
Divide up Rome ,Octavian- west , Rome
Antony - east , Egypt = Cleopatra : plan
to invade the west
Rome declares war on them
Battle at Actium , Octavian wins & will
now be called Augustus
Rules a united empire
1. Rebuilds highways
2. Public buildings
3. Fair tax collection
- commerce flourished
- wide spread prosperity
- established the “ Pax Romana” =
200 yrs of peace