Transcript Chap 6 Sec 3 - PowerPoint

Chapter 6
Section 3
Alexander the
Great
Macedon
Rising kingdom north of Greece
Warlike people who lived in
villages ruled by nobles
King had to have support of
nobles
Philip II of Macedon
359 B.C. – Philip II becomes
king of Macedon
Hostage in Thebes, Greece as
a youth
Admired the Greek Army
Philip II
Recruited own army
Organized army into Phalanx:

Row of soldiers shoulder to shoulder
carrying 18 foot spears.
Restored order to Macedon
 Controlled
northern Athenian colonies
Greece under Philip II
Greek opinion of Philip: Unify vs.
freedom
Demosthenes – Athenian orator
(public speaker)
 disliked
Philip.
338 B.C. – Philip wins Battle of
Chaeronea, defeats Athens.
Greece under Philip
II
Greece united under
Philip II
Wanted to conquer Persia
336 B.C. – assassinated
Alexander the Great
Military education: Macedonian
Army
Classical Education:
Aristotle
Well prepared for
leadership
Alexander the Great
Skilled and respected military
commander
 Leads
troops from the front
Brave: risked his life like he was a
common soldier
331 B.C. – conquered Persia, Asia
Minor, Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia
Alexander the Great
Goals
 Conquer
the
known world
 Spread Greek
culture
 Rule an empire
Alexander Campaigns
Alexander the Great
Gets as far as India
 Indus
River
326 B.C. – Troops refuse to
continue  return to Greece
Split army at Indian Ocean
½
by sea – ½ through desert
Alexander the Great
Desert: Many die from
starvation/ exposure
Discontent spreads through
empire
Alexander: dies of mysterious
illness in Babylon
 Almost
33 yrs. old
Spread of Greek Culture
Alexander’s armies: Spread
Greek culture
Various groups helped to rule
empire  Greeks and Persians
Fuse cultures:
 Marrying
of Persian women by
Alexander, Generals, Troops
Hellenistic Culture
= Greek-like culture established
by Alexander the Great
 Combined
Asian and
Mediterranean ideas
The Hellenistic Age
 Existed
from Alexander’s death
through Rome’s conquest of
Greece
Breakup of the Empire
301 B.C. – 3 generals divided the
kingdom into 3 after his death
 Macedon,
Egypt, Syria
Constant fighting between
kingdoms
Roman Empire conquered all
three kingdoms around 200 B.C.