Transcript Ancient Greece = City

Ancient Greece = City-States
Warm-Up
1. Write your name on your mythology
product and have it on your desk.
 2. Pop-Quiz = How did mythology
influence the ancient Greeks?
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◦ Complete this on the little piece of white
paper.
◦ No, you may not open your notebook or use
your notes.
The Rise of City-States
Athens - Government
Sparta - Government
Democracy
 Council of 500 chosen by
lottery
 Assembly of 6,ooo citizens,
debated, made decisions,
approved laws
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Oligarchy – ruled by a small
group of people.
2 kings
Council of elders chosen by
vote.
Assembly of men over 30,
did not debate, and could
have decisions over-ruled.
Athens - Economy
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Based on trade
◦ Traded with neighboring citystates and countries around
the Mediterranean Sea.
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Traded oil, honey, silver,
pottery.
Made its own coins
Sparta - Economy
Based on farming (slaves
called Helots took care of
the land) and conquest
(war).
 Discouraged trade.
 Heavy iron bars were first
used as money.
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Athens - Education
Sparta - Education
To make good citizens.
 Varied academic courses –
math, reading, science,
philosphy, writing, history,
athletics.
 2-year military service.
 Boys only.
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To make good warriors.
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Courses emphasized physical
development.
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◦ Basic Reading and Writing.
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Military service until age 60.
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Boys and Girls educated.
◦ Girls were expected to defend
Sparta when the men were
away.
◦ Girls were expected to
produces strong babies.
Athens – Women and Slaves
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Women could not own or
inherit land.
Women’s influence
primarily in home.
Slaves did various types of
work – tutors, skilled
laborers, farmed, mines, etc.
Slaves were treated
according to their master.
Sparta – Women and Slaves
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Women managed husband’s
land.
Women could own and
control property.
Slaves (Helots) were
treated harshly.
Once a year, helots were
killed to “control” Spartan
society.
Spartan Women
 An Athenian
citizen heard
about educating Spartan
women and said, “Teaching a
woman to read and write?
What a terrible thing to do!
Like feeding a vile snake on
more poison.”
War & Conquest – Fall of City-States
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This is the last box of your notes.
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In the 400’s BCE, the Persian Empire tried to conquer
Greece. Led by Sparta and Athens, the Greeks resisted and
defeated Persians, keeping Greek culture alive.
The Peloponnesian War
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Decades later, Athens
and Sparta fought each
other in the
Peloponnesian War.
Sparta, having the
better army, became
the dominant power in
Greece. However, this
war weakened the citystates.
Alexander the Great
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In 338 BCE, King Phillip
II of Macedonia used his
well trained army to
conquer Greece. His
son, Alexander took
control conquering the
Persian Empire, and
became known as
Alexander the Great.
Alexander’s empire
extended into North
Africa, the Middle east,
and Asia. As his empire
expanded, Greek culture
spread.
Alexander’s Empire
Discussion Questions
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Explain how geography influenced ancient
Greeks.
◦ Include the following points…
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Economy
Jobs
Government
City-States
Downfall
The Peloponnesian War Game
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The class will be divided into two teams.
One team will represent Sparta and the
other Athens. The two sides will fight against
each other in the Peloponnesian War. The
diagram will represent the battlefield. It
includes a map of ancient Greece which has
been divided into 16 sections – 1A, 1B, etc.
Both Sparta and Athens will have their army
and navy “hidden” in various squares. Both
will occupy 8 spaces – a few spaces will
contain both Spartans and Athenians.
Rules to the War Game
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1. The teacher asks a question about Sparta and Athens.
2. The team will provide an answer within 7 seconds. If they are
correct, that team will choose a space on the map where they think
the enemy is hiding.
3. If they do, then all will mark the space with the letter of the
team who “killed” the enemy – A for Athens and S for Sparta. If
you pick a space with your own forces or if there is no one there,
you will be told, “there are no enemy soldiers here at this time”.
You will then place a dot on the space. Teams have the chance to
choose again to see if anyone is actually there.
4. If a wrong answer is given, the other team receives the turn.
5. The team that wins the Peloponnesian War Game is the one
which completely destroys the other team’s army and navy.
Happy Hunting!!!
Independent Activity
Which city-state was the most
influential in the ancient world
and in the modern world?
Provide a minimum of three
supporting details.